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Benchmarking of Computer Vision Algorithms for Driver Monitoring on Automotive-grade Devices 汽车级设备驾驶员监控计算机视觉算法的基准测试
2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307437
S. Battiato, S. Conoci, R. Leotta, A. Ortis, F. Rundo, F. Trenta
{"title":"Benchmarking of Computer Vision Algorithms for Driver Monitoring on Automotive-grade Devices","authors":"S. Battiato, S. Conoci, R. Leotta, A. Ortis, F. Rundo, F. Trenta","doi":"10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307437","url":null,"abstract":"The continuing evolution of technologies in the automotive industry has led to the development of the so-called Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). ADAS is the term used to describe vehicle-based intelligent safety systems designed to support the driver, with the aim to significantly improve his safety, and the driving safety in general. In terms of development, current ADAS technologies are based on control functions about the vehicle movements with respect to the objects and entities detected in the same environment (e.g., other vehicles, pedestrian, roads, etc.). However, there is an ever growing interest on the use of internal cameras to infer additional information regarding the driver status (e.g., weakness, level of attention). The purpose of such technologies is to provide accurate details about the environment in order to increase safety and smart driving. In the last few years, Computer Vision technology has achieved impressive results on several tasks related to recognition and detection of customized objects/entities on images and videos. However, automotive-grade devices’ hardware resources are limited, with respect to the once usually required for the implementation of modern Computer Vision algorithms. In this work, we present a benchmarking evaluation of a standard Computer Vision algorithm for the driver behaviour monitoring through face detection and analysis, comparing the performances obtained on a common laptop with the same experiments on an existing commercial automotive-grade device based on the Accordo5 processor by STMicroelectronics.","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117149542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
[AEIT AUTOMOTIVE 2020 Front cover] [AEIT AUTOMOTIVE 2020封面]
2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.23919/aeitautomotive50086.2020.9307423
{"title":"[AEIT AUTOMOTIVE 2020 Front cover]","authors":"","doi":"10.23919/aeitautomotive50086.2020.9307423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/aeitautomotive50086.2020.9307423","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123704737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Aluminum Heat Sink Assisted Air-Cooling Thermal Management System for High Current Applications in Electric Vehicles 用于电动汽车大电流应用的铝散热器辅助风冷热管理系统
2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307413
H. Behi, D. Karimi, J. Jaguemont, F. H. Gandoman, S. Khaleghi, J. Van Mierlo, M. Berecibar
{"title":"Aluminum Heat Sink Assisted Air-Cooling Thermal Management System for High Current Applications in Electric Vehicles","authors":"H. Behi, D. Karimi, J. Jaguemont, F. H. Gandoman, S. Khaleghi, J. Van Mierlo, M. Berecibar","doi":"10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307413","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are preferred energy storage systems for vehicular applications due to the high capacity, long life, and power density. This paper offers the concept of a hybrid thermal management system (TMS), including a prismatic cell embedded fin heat sink (CHS) for high current applications. The experimental tests and numerical simulations are done to investigate the thermal characteristic of the utilized battery and CHS in natural and forced convection in 8C discharging rate (184 A). Results indicate that the maximum cell temperature in natural convection (NC) reaches 56 °C. Moreover, the temperature of the CHS in natural and forced convection reaches 51.5 °C and 31.1 °C. For further investigation, the optimization, including three cases, is done for the geometry of the forced convection cooling box. Results indicate that the maximum temperature of the CHS compared with NC reduced by 39.6%, 40.9%, and 38.4% for cases A, B, and C, respectively. In addition, there is an improvement of 6%, 28%, and 36% in the cell temperature uniformity for cases A, B, and C, respectively. It is also found that the inlet velocity of 3 m/s preserves the CHS in a safe temperature zone, which decreases the fan power consumption by 50%.","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125280901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 22
Automotive in "The Stack": a Cross-sectional View of the Field from Earth, through Platforms and Nonhuman Users to Anti-Users “堆栈”中的汽车:从地球角度从平台和非人类用户到反用户的横断面视图
2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307402
Giorgio Pizzi
{"title":"Automotive in \"The Stack\": a Cross-sectional View of the Field from Earth, through Platforms and Nonhuman Users to Anti-Users","authors":"Giorgio Pizzi","doi":"10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307402","url":null,"abstract":"\"The Stack\" is the world vision developed by the American digital philosopher Benjamin H. Bratton, in his namesake ponderous essay. It is an abstraction describing a layered taxonomy based on the increasingly dominant ubiquity and pervasiveness of computation. Although \"The Stack\" is more a philosophical abstraction than an engineering model, it is very useful in understanding a specific technological field as a whole. Since a car is more and more a computational object, a high-speed computing platform on wheels, it is interesting to apply such a vision to the automotive field, starting from its rooting into the planet from which it draws the energetic and mineral resources, passing through the integration in clouds of services, delivered by platforms, and the \"autonomization\" of vehicles, up to a new form of user, that can even be \"nonhuman\" (see for instance the case of the autonomous vehicle). Drawing hints and visions from philosophical dissertations, technical and marketing news, white papers and academic research, this article scans the automotive field and more in general mobility and smart cities, going up the six interconnected layers of The Stack (Earth – Cloud – City – Address – Interface – User). In this frame, pushed towards a future sometimes utopian, dystopian scenarios also arise. Furthermore, vulnerabilities give place to that special kind of user that normally is called \"hacker\", but in the context of The Stack we call the \"Anti-User\", the category of users that we introduce.","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126957317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Differentiated Protection in 5G Vehicular Networks 5G车联网的差异化保护
2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307421
Elisabetta Amato, F. Tonini, C. Raffaelli
{"title":"Differentiated Protection in 5G Vehicular Networks","authors":"Elisabetta Amato, F. Tonini, C. Raffaelli","doi":"10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307421","url":null,"abstract":"Automotive applications need high reliability and service continuity to support self-driving and safety in smart city environments. Suitable allocation of network functions is studied and optimal solutions based on Integer Linear Programming methodology are found. Differentiated reliability concept is applied in the presence of two different 5G classes of service, namely eMBB and URLLC. Saving of processing and bandwidth resources is numerically evaluated by combining service-based shared and dedicated protection in a reference scenario. Scalability aspects of the approach are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116063247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
High Frequency Operation of SuperJunction MOSFET enhanced with Kelvin Source Pin 开尔文源引脚增强的超结MOSFET高频工作
2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307440
M. Cacciato, S. Rizzo, G. Scarcella, G. Scelba, M. Rizzo, Domenico Nardo, R. Scollo, Alfio Scuto, G. Sorrentino
{"title":"High Frequency Operation of SuperJunction MOSFET enhanced with Kelvin Source Pin","authors":"M. Cacciato, S. Rizzo, G. Scarcella, G. Scelba, M. Rizzo, Domenico Nardo, R. Scollo, Alfio Scuto, G. Sorrentino","doi":"10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307440","url":null,"abstract":"In this work a comparison between 3-pin and 4-pin superjunction (SJ) MOSFET is performed. Firstly, the advantages of the 4-pin packaging solution are pointed out by means of analytical expressions and simulations. Then, a standard 3-pin MOSFET has been experimentally compared with the Kelvin package configuration counterpart both integrated in an on board battery charger. The experimental results allowed quantifying the performance improvement of the four terminal package in terms of reduced switching energy losses and working temperature. These features enable the device to operate at higher switching frequency.","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122388415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Switching Capacitors Transformerless Bidirectional DC-DC Converter 开关电容器无变压器双向DC-DC变换器
2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307427
C. Puccio, F. Pellitteri, M. Caruso, R. Miceli
{"title":"Switching Capacitors Transformerless Bidirectional DC-DC Converter","authors":"C. Puccio, F. Pellitteri, M. Caruso, R. Miceli","doi":"10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307427","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an innovative converter topology that better connects the needs of the battery pack and the electric motor towards the validation of an eco-sustainable electric mobility model. More in particular, the components of the proposed converter change their connection state during both the charging and discharging time of the battery, leading to a higher performance with respect to traditional step-down or step-up converters. The simulations carried out by means of the PLECS® environment have demonstrated the early feasibility of the proposed system.","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128346125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An I2V communication network for driver assistance in public transport 辅助驾驶的I2V通讯网络
2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307441
M. Bersani, Guanqi Ding, S. Mentasti, S. Arrigoni, M. Vignati, E. Sabbioni, D. Tarsitano, F. Cheli
{"title":"An I2V communication network for driver assistance in public transport","authors":"M. Bersani, Guanqi Ding, S. Mentasti, S. Arrigoni, M. Vignati, E. Sabbioni, D. Tarsitano, F. Cheli","doi":"10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307441","url":null,"abstract":"During the last decade, Advanced Driver Assistant Systems (ADAS) have been implemented on public transport vehicles to ensure the driver collision and lane departure warnings. Due to the high complexity of public roads, these systems are usually based on sensors installed on the vehicle itself, which ensures lines or obstacles recognition, providing warnings directly to the driver. Nevertheless, it is well established that information about the surroundings can be provided directly by the infrastructure. This paper presents the case study of an I2V communication network, whose target is to inform the driver about the number of people waiting at the bus shelter, and about an approaching vehicle in a blind intersection. Detections are guaranteed by cameras installed in strategical points, while communication to the bus is ensured through 4G.","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125720761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Data transmission in automotive applications and security/safety requirements 汽车应用中的数据传输和安全/安全要求
2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307393
G. Cancellieri, Massimo Battaglioni
{"title":"Data transmission in automotive applications and security/safety requirements","authors":"G. Cancellieri, Massimo Battaglioni","doi":"10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307393","url":null,"abstract":"Radio communications have a fundamental importance for assuring data exchange between vehicles and from infrastructures to vehicles, or vice-versa. With reference to assisted driving and even completely autonomous driving, such communications must satisfy very high degree of security, with the goal of assuring also the safety of drivers and passengers. Two frameworks are expected to provide a support for secure data transmissions: 5G technology and wireless V2X protocols. Interoperability between them and a proper interface with automotive buses are recommended, in order to reach the best performance and to decrease the costs. In this respect, an efficient use of channel coding can guarantee error correction, i.e., reliable communication, and also strong resilience against cyber attacks.","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125928347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
From T-CAD simulations to large signal model for GaN RF device 从T-CAD模拟到GaN射频器件的大信号模型
2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307389
V. Cerantonio, M. Giuffrida, C. Miccoli, A. Chini, F. Iucolano
{"title":"From T-CAD simulations to large signal model for GaN RF device","authors":"V. Cerantonio, M. Giuffrida, C. Miccoli, A. Chini, F. Iucolano","doi":"10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307389","url":null,"abstract":"The large-signal RF power performance of an AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT) is studied starting from technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulations in terms of DC characteristic and S parameters. A clear procedure of physical parameters calibration is described. Trapping effects and GaN mobility model are included. Good agreement between simulations and measurements is reported, giving a meaningful starting point for the large signal model with the aim to optimize the efficiency of GaN HEMTs. The large signal model extracted is crucial to predict the device performance and give an essential contribution for the device maturity at industrial level.","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129406968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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