Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Breastfeeding interventions for preventing postpartum depression.","authors":"Mikaela Lenells, Eleonora Uphoff, David Marshall, Emilija Wilson, Anna Gustafsson, Michael B Wells, Ewa Andersson, Cindy-Lee Dennis","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD014833.pub2","DOIUrl":"10.1002/14651858.CD014833.pub2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postpartum depression is a debilitating mental health disorder, which occurs in approximately 6% to 13% of women who give birth in high-income countries. It is a cause of great suffering for women and can have long-term consequences for child development. Postpartum depression can also negatively influence breastfeeding duration and breastfeeding exclusivity (i.e. feeding the infant only breast milk). However, a positive early, and continued, breastfeeding experience may reduce the risk of having postpartum depression. Breastfeeding interventions that increase the duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding may help prevent or reduce postpartum depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The primary objective of this review was to assess the effect (benefits and harms) of breastfeeding support interventions, in comparison to standard perinatal care, on maternal postpartum depression. The secondary objective was to assess whether breastfeeding support interventions had an effect on depression symptoms, and whether the effect was dependent on the duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>We searched CENTRAL (Wiley), MEDLINE ALL (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), CINAHL Complete (Ebsco) and several other bibliographic databases and trial registers. The most recent search was conducted in June 2024.</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated educational, psychosocial, pharmacological, alternative (any breastfeeding support intervention that promotes relaxation and stress) or herbal breastfeeding support interventions targeting the prevention or reduction of postpartum depression were eligible for inclusion.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong>Each title and abstract we identified was screened by two authors independently. Two review authors then independently examined full-text manuscripts to decide if the study met the inclusion criteria. If so, they extracted data from included studies using Covidence software. Two review authors also independently conducted a risk of bias assessment of each study using the RoB 2 tool. We contacted study authors when necessary for more information. We conducted meta-analyses using a random-effects model.</p><p><strong>Main results: </strong>We included 10 RCTs with 1573 participants in this review. Depression was measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) in all studies, where scores range between 0 and 30 (higher scores indicating more depressive symptoms). The studies used a score of over 10 as the cut-off for a diagnosis of depression. Primary outcome It is very uncertain whether psychosocial breastfeeding interventions had any effect on the incidence of postpartum depression immediately post-intervention (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.23 to 2.70; 1 study, 30 participants), but we found low-certainty evidence that psychosocial breastfeeding interventio","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"2 ","pages":"CD014833"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors for psoriatic arthritis.","authors":"Giovanni Cagnotto, Matteo Bruschettini, Agata Stróżyk, Carlo Alberto Scirè, Michele Compagno","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD013614.pub2","DOIUrl":"10.1002/14651858.CD013614.pub2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic arthritis affecting people with psoriasis. If untreated, it may lead to disability. Recommended drugs are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (csDMARDs), biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs), and targeted synthetic DMARDs (tsDMARDs). Tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) are the first choice bDMARDs.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the benefits and harms of TNFi in adults with psoriatic arthritis.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization trials portal up to 28 March 2024.</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adults with PsA, comparing TNFi to placebo, physiotherapy, NSAIDs, corticosteroids, and cs/b/tsDMARDs. Major outcomes included clinical improvement, minimal disease activity, physical function, health-related quality of life, radiographic progression, serious adverse events, and withdrawals due to adverse events.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong>We used standard Cochrane methods. The primary comparison was TNFi versus placebo. The primary time point was 12 weeks for clinical improvement; 24 weeks for minimal disease activity, function, quality of life, and radiographic progression; and the end of the trial period for serious adverse events and withdrawals due to adverse events.</p><p><strong>Main results: </strong>We included 25 RCTs randomizing 7857 participants. Four studies compared TNFi to methotrexate and one to ustekinumab in DMARD-naïve participants. In csDMARD-inadequate responders, 11 studies compared TNFi to placebo; four studies compared TNFi to placebo and ixekizumab, bimekizumab, tofacitinib, or upadacitinib; and three studies compared TNFi to ixekizumab, secukinumab, and ustekinumab. Two studies compared different TNFi. We found no studies with b/tsDMARD-inadequate responders (b/tsDMARD-IR). No studies compared TNFi to NSAIDs, corticosteroids, or physiotherapy. Performance (32%), detection (56%) and reporting (80%) biases were at high or unclear risk across studies. Only one study had a low risk of bias in all domains. We limit reporting to the primary comparison, TNFi versus placebo. DMARD-naïve We found no studies comparing TNFi with placebo in DMARD-naïve participants. csDMARD-inadequate responders TNFi probably result in a large clinical improvement compared to placebo. At 12 weeks, 149/1926 (8%) participants in the placebo group showed a clinical improvement (ACR50) compared to 784/2141 (37%) participants in the TNFi group (risk ratio (RR) 5.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.98 to 7.96; I<sup>2</sup> = 65%; 14 studies, 4067 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). TNFi probably result in a higher proportion of participants in minimal disease activity. At 24 weeks, 95/1017 (9%) participants in ","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"2 ","pages":"CD013614"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143406122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microsurgical versus complex physical decongestive therapy for chronic breast cancer-related lymphoedema.","authors":"Yvonne Haas, Olivia P Williams, Jaume Masia, Gemma Pons, Erin M Taylor, Maria C Katapodi, Daniel Staub, Steffen U Eisenhardt, Giuseppe Visconti, Benedetto Longo, Jan Plock, Florian Jung, Eduardo Gonzalez, Benedict Kaiser, Lea Zehnpfennig, Julia Stoffel, Florian S Halbeisen, Christian Appenzeller-Herzog, Laura Hilbig-Vlatten, Yvette Stoel, Raymund E Horch, Maria Mani, Karin Ribi, Joshua Vorstenbosch, Kathryn V Isaac, Shan Shan Qiu, Björn Behr, Lars G Hemkens, Nicole Lindenblatt, Dirk J Schaefer, Katrin Seidenstuecker, Yves Harder, Christoph R Hirche, Walter P Weber, Elisabeth A Kappos","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD016019","DOIUrl":"10.1002/14651858.CD016019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the effects of microsurgery versus complex physical decongestive therapy in people with chronic breast cancer-related lymphoedema.</p>","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"2 ","pages":"CD016019"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143406107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventions for myopia control in children: a living systematic review and network meta-analysis.","authors":"John G Lawrenson, Byki Huntjens, Gianni Virgili, Sueko Ng, Rohit Dhakal, Laura E Downie, Pavan K Verkicharla, Ashleigh Kernohan, Tianjing Li, Jeffrey J Walline","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD014758.pub3","DOIUrl":"10.1002/14651858.CD014758.pub3","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rationale: &lt;/strong&gt;The increasing prevalence of myopia is a growing global public health problem, in terms of rates of uncorrected refractive error and significantly, an increased risk of visual impairment due to myopia-related ocular morbidity. Interventions to slow its progression are needed in childhood, when myopia progression is most rapid. This is a review update, conducted as part of a living systematic review.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;To assess the comparative efficacy and safety of interventions for slowing myopia progression in children using network meta-analysis (NMA). To generate a relative ranking of interventions according to their efficacy. To produce a brief economic commentary, summarising economic evaluations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Search methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and three trial registers. The latest search date was 19 February 2024.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Eligibility criteria: &lt;/strong&gt;We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of optical, pharmacological, light therapy and behavioural interventions for slowing myopia progression in children, up to 18 years old.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Outcomes: &lt;/strong&gt;Critical outcomes were progression of myopia (mean difference (MD) in the change in spherical equivalent refraction (SER, dioptres (D)), and axial length (AL, mm) in the intervention and control groups at one year or longer), and difference in the change in SER and AL following cessation of treatment (rebound).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Risk of bias: &lt;/strong&gt;We assessed the risk of bias (RoB) for SER and AL using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Synthesis methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We followed standard Cochrane methods. We rated the certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach for change in SER and AL at one and two years. We used the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) to rank the interventions for all available outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Included studies: &lt;/strong&gt;We included 104 studies (40 new for this update) that randomised 17,509 children, aged 4 years to 18 years. Most studies were conducted in China or other Asian countries (66.3%), and North America (14.4%). Eighty-four studies (80.8%) compared myopia control interventions against inactive controls. Study durations ranged from 12 months to 48 months.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Synthesis of results: &lt;/strong&gt;Since most of the networks in the NMA were poorly connected, our estimates are based on direct (pairwise) comparisons, unless stated otherwise. The median change in SER for controls was -0.65 D (55 studies, 4888 participants; one-year follow-up). These interventions may reduce SER progression compared to controls: repeated low intensity red light (RLRL: MD 0.80 D, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.71 to 0.89; SUCRA = 93.8%; very low-certainty evidence); high-dose atropine (HDA (≥ 0.5%): MD 0.90 D, 95% CI 0.62 to 1.18; SUCRA = 93.3%; moderate-certainty evidence); medium-dose atropine (MDA (0.1% to &lt; 0.5%): MD 0.55 D, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.93; NMA estimate","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"2 ","pages":"CD014758"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143406106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral nicotine pouches for cessation or reduction of use of other tobacco or nicotine products.","authors":"Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, Harry Tattan-Birch, Jamie Brown, Lion Shahab, Maciej L Goniewicz, Claire Ma, Angela Difeng Wu, Nargiz Travis, Holly Jarman, Jonathan Livingstone-Banks, Nicola Lindson","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD016220","DOIUrl":"10.1002/14651858.CD016220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: Primary objectives To evaluate the benefits and harms of oral nicotine pouches when used to help people transition away from combustible tobacco use (smoking) To evaluate the impact of oral nicotine products on the prevalence of combustible tobacco use Secondary objectives To evaluate the benefits and harms of oral nicotine pouches when used to help people transition away from other non-combustible tobacco/commercial nicotine product use To evaluate the impact of oral nicotine products on the prevalence of use of other non-combustible tobacco/commercial nicotine products.</p>","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"2 ","pages":"CD016220"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143406121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graded activity for chronic low back pain.","authors":"Lisandra Almeida de Oliveira, Anita R Gross, Lisa Carlesso, Steven Hanna, Nora Bakaa, Diego Silva, Jill A Hayden, Luciana G Macedo","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD015507","DOIUrl":"10.1002/14651858.CD015507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the benefits and harms of graded activity compared to placebo, sham, or no treatment for pain and function in adults with chronic non-specific low back pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"2 ","pages":"CD015507"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11816013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical rehabilitation approaches for the recovery of function and mobility following stroke.","authors":"Alex Todhunter-Brown, Ceri E Sellers, Gillian D Baer, Pei Ling Choo, Julie Cowie, Joshua D Cheyne, Peter Langhorne, Julie Brown, Jacqui Morris, Pauline Campbell","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD001920.pub4","DOIUrl":"10.1002/14651858.CD001920.pub4","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Various approaches to physical rehabilitation to improve function and mobility are used after stroke. There is considerable controversy around the relative effectiveness of approaches, and little known about optimal delivery and dose. Some physiotherapists base their treatments on a single approach; others use components from several different approaches.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;Primary objective: To determine whether physical rehabilitation is effective for recovery of function and mobility in people with stroke, and to assess if any one physical rehabilitation approach is more effective than any other approach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Secondary objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To explore factors that may impact the effectiveness of physical rehabilitation approaches, including time after stroke, geographical location of study, intervention dose/duration, intervention provider, and treatment components. Stakeholder involvement: Key aims were to clarify the focus of the review, inform decisions about subgroup analyses, and co-produce statements relating to key implications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Search methods: &lt;/strong&gt;For this update, we searched the Cochrane Stroke Trials Register (last searched November 2022), CENTRAL (2022, Issue 10), MEDLINE (1966 to November 2022), Embase (1980 to November 2022), AMED (1985 to November 2022), CINAHL (1982 to November 2022), and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (to November 2022).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selection criteria: &lt;/strong&gt;Inclusion criteria: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of physical rehabilitation approaches aimed at promoting the recovery of function or mobility in adult participants with a clinical diagnosis of stroke.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exclusion criteria: &lt;/strong&gt;RCTs of upper limb function or single treatment components.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Primary outcomes: &lt;/strong&gt;measures of independence in activities of daily living (IADL) and motor function.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Secondary outcomes: &lt;/strong&gt;balance, gait velocity, and length of stay.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data collection and analysis: &lt;/strong&gt;Two independent authors selected studies according to pre-defined eligibility criteria, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. We used GRADE to assess the certainty of evidence.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results: &lt;/strong&gt;In this review update, we included 267 studies (21,838 participants). Studies were conducted in 36 countries, with half (133/267) in China. Generally, studies were heterogeneous, and often poorly reported. We judged only 14 studies in meta-analyses as at low risk of bias for all domains and, on average, we considered 33% of studies in analyses of primary outcomes at high risk of bias. Is physical rehabilitation more effective than no (or minimal) physical rehabilitation? Compared to no physical rehabilitation, physical rehabilitation may improve IADL (standardised mean difference (SMD) 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08 to 1.56; 52 studies, 5403 participan","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"2 ","pages":"CD001920"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11812092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acupuncture for the prevention of episodic migraine.","authors":"Ruyu Xia, Klaus Linde, Tobias Freilinger, Andrew Vickers, Emily A Vertosick, Lene Vase, Carles Fernández-Jané, Yiming Ren, Bingcong Zhao, Sara Lk Low, Yutong Fei","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD015528","DOIUrl":"10.1002/14651858.CD015528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To investigate whether acupuncture is more effective than 'sham' (placebo) acupuncture, no preventative treatment or routine care only, or other interventions, in reducing headache frequency in people with episodic migraine.</p>","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"2 ","pages":"CD015528"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11812084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery versus surgery followed by chemotherapy for initial treatment in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.","authors":"Mohamed Shawky, Cherry Choudhary, Sarah L Coleridge, Andrew Bryant, Jo Morrison","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD005343.pub7","DOIUrl":"10.1002/14651858.CD005343.pub7","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rationale: &lt;/strong&gt;Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) presents at an advanced stage in the majority of women. These women require a combination of surgery and chemotherapy for optimal treatment. Conventional treatment has been to perform surgery first and then give chemotherapy. However, there may be advantages to using chemotherapy before surgery.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;To assess the advantages and disadvantages of treating women with advanced EOC with chemotherapy before cytoreductive surgery (neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT)) compared with conventional treatment where chemotherapy follows cytoreductive surgery (primary cytoreductive surgery (PCRS)).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Search methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform on 21 March 2024. We also checked the reference lists of relevant papers for further studies. We contacted the principal investigators of relevant trials for further information.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Eligibility criteria: &lt;/strong&gt;Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage III/IV) who were randomly allocated to treatment groups that compared platinum-based chemotherapy before cytoreductive surgery with platinum-based chemotherapy following cytoreductive surgery.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Outcomes: &lt;/strong&gt;We extracted data on overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), adverse events, surgically related mortality and morbidity, and quality of life outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Risk of bias: &lt;/strong&gt;We used the Cochrane RoB 1 tool to assess risk of bias in RCTs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Synthesis methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted meta-analyses using random-effects models (due to heterogeneity between studies) to calculate hazard ratios (HR), risk ratios (RR), mean differences (MD), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for all outcomes. We assessed the certainty of evidence according to the GRADE approach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Included studies: &lt;/strong&gt;We identified a further 1022 titles and abstracts through our searches in this update (958 unique records after further de-duplication), adding to the 2227 titles and abstracts identified in previous versions of this review. A total of five RCTs of varying quality and size met the inclusion criteria. We identified no new completed studies in this update, but we did include additional data from existing studies. The studies assessed a total of 1774 women with stage III/IV ovarian cancer randomised to NACT followed by interval cytoreductive surgery (ICRS) or PCRS followed by chemotherapy. We included data from four studies in the meta-analyses (1692 participants).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Synthesis of results: &lt;/strong&gt;Survival We found little or no difference between groups in OS (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.08; P = 0.49; I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0%; 4 studie","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"2 ","pages":"CD005343"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prophylactic transarterial embolization in patients with bleeding peptic ulcers following endoscopic control of bleeding.","authors":"Dennis Zetner, Ida Roost, Jacob Rosenberg, Kristoffer Andresen","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD014999.pub2","DOIUrl":"10.1002/14651858.CD014999.pub2","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Bleeding peptic ulcer is a serious condition that often requires immediate endoscopic or surgical intervention to stop the bleeding (haemostasis). Following haemostasis, patients are at risk of rebleeding, leading to reintervention and risk of morbidity or mortality. In order to prevent rebleeding and associated complications, prophylactic measures have been developed and investigated. Prophylactic transarterial embolization (TAE), where the blood vessel leading to the site of the bleeding ulcer is closed via embolization (e.g. using coils to stop blood flow), has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach to address this challenge. However, a comprehensive evaluation of its efficacy and impact on patient outcomes is essential.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;To assess the effects of prophylactic transarterial embolization after successful endoscopic treatment compared with endoscopic haemostasis only on the risk of rebleeding after bleeding peptic ulcer, in patients where endoscopic haemostasis has been successful.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Search methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In August 2023 we searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed Central, Clinicaltrials.gov and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP). There were no language or publication status constraints.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selection criteria: &lt;/strong&gt;This review included prospective randomized controlled trials that evaluated prophylactic TAE in patients with bleeding peptic ulcers. The selection process involved meticulous screening, full-text reviews, and considerations of study design, intervention, and patient populations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data collection and analysis: &lt;/strong&gt;Two review authors extracted data and conducted risk of bias assessments. The outcomes of interest were rebleeding within 30 days, need for reintervention within 30 days, 30-day mortality, complications within 30 days, duration of hospitalization and success rate of the embolization. We contacted authors of included studies for missing and more detailed data, allowing us to carry out sensitivity analyses. We used GRADE to assess the certainty of evidence.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results: &lt;/strong&gt;The review includes two studies involving 346 participants. Prophylactic TAE may not reduce the odds of rebleeding within 30 days (odds ratio (OR) 0.58, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.18 to 1.83; 2 studies, 346 participants; low-certainty evidence). There may be little or no effect on reintervention rates per event (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.35 to 1.35; 2 studies, 346 participants; low-certainty evidence) or per participant (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.25 to1.69; 2 studies, 346 participants; low-certainty evidence), and there may be no reduction in 30-day mortality (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.14 to 1.21; 2 studies, 346 participants; low-certainty evidence). Unfortunately, we were unable to analyze complications other than rebleeding, reintervention and mortality, as data for these outcomes were not available in the include","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"2 ","pages":"CD014999"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}