Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Drug treatment for myotonia.","authors":"Jennifer Spillane, Jeroen Trip, Gea Drost, Catharina G Faber, Michael G Hanna, Sarah J Nevitt, Vinojini Vivekanandam","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD004762.pub3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004762.pub3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Abnormal delayed relaxation of skeletal muscles, known as myotonia, can cause disability in myotonic disorders. The main myotonic disorders are non-dystrophic myotonia and myotonic dystrophy. Non-dystrophic myotonia is a genetic muscle channelopathy predominantly causing myotonia. Myotonic dystrophic is a more systemic neuromuscular disorder causing myotonia as well as progressive myopathy and systemic manifestations, such as arrhythmias and cataracts. Myotonia manifests as stiffness, cramps, locking, pain, and fatigue, and can cause marked morbidity and disability. Sodium channel blockers, tricyclic antidepressive drugs, benzodiazepines, calcium antagonists, taurine, and prednisone may reduce myotonia. This is an update of a review first published in 2005 and updated in 2006.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To review evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy and tolerability of drug treatment in people with clinical myotonia due to myotonic disorders.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>We searched the Cochrane Neuromuscular Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and World Health Organization ICTRP on 29 March 2023. We handsearched the grey literature and contacted disease experts and antimyotonic drug manufacturers.</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>We included RCTs involving participants with myotonia treated with any drug treatment versus no therapy, placebo, or any other active drug treatment. We included clinical trials where the reported primary outcome was a participant-reported measure of myotonia. We excluded non-RCTs and where myotonia may have been part of the condition (e.g. paramyotonia or Brody's disease). The primary myotonic conditions were myotonic dystrophy and non-dystrophic myotonia. Our primary outcome was participant-reported improvement in clinical myotonia. Our secondary outcomes were relaxation time, electromyographic relaxation time, adverse events, and quality of life.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong>Review authors independently extracted the data onto standardised extraction forms. Three review authors independently assessed risk of bias and we collected adverse events data from the included trials. We assessed the certainty of the evidence using GRADE.</p><p><strong>Main results: </strong>This review includes 17 double-blind or single-blind RCTs involving a total of 392 participants, 219 with myotonic dystrophy type 1 and 173 with non-dystrophic myotonia. Seven RCTs were newly identified and included in this update. Four of these RCTs investigated the effect of mexiletine or lamotrigine versus placebo in people with non-dystrophic myotonia. The remaining RCTs explored mexiletine in myotonic dystrophy. Myotonic dystrophy Mexiletine No RCTs reported improvement in clinical myotonia according to validated scales. Mexiletine likely reduces hand grip relaxation time compared to placebo (mean difference ","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"4 ","pages":"CD004762"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Closure of mesenteric defects for prevention of internal hernia after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in bariatric surgery.","authors":"Katsuhiro Murakami, Nobuaki Hoshino, Koya Hida, Kazutaka Obama, Yoshiharu Sakai, Norio Watanabe","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD014612.pub2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD014612.pub2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Internal hernia is one of the most severe complications observed in people undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). There are some who advocate for the closure of defects to prevent internal hernias. However, the closure of these defects might be associated with an increased risk of small bowel obstruction, resulting from a kink in the anastomosis of the small intestines. Currently, there is a lack of robust evidence demonstrating the benefits of defect closure.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the benefits and harms of defect closure for prevention of internal hernia after Roux-en Y gastric bypass in bariatric surgery.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and Embase to August 2024. We reviewed the reference lists of included studies and reached out to the study authors to obtain any missing data. We also searched PubMed, grey literature in the OpenGrey database, Clinical Trials.gov, and the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP).</p><p><strong>Eligibility criteria: </strong>We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that included people with obesity (defined as a body-mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m²) who underwent laparoscopic or robotic RYGB in bariatric surgery, and compared the closure of defects with the non-closure of defects. We excluded quasi-randomised trials, cluster-RCTs, and cross-over trials.</p><p><strong>Outcomes: </strong>The critical outcomes assessed were the incidence of internal hernia with bowel obstruction within 10 years, the incidence of postoperative overall complications within 30 days, and the incidence of postoperative mortality within 30 days. The important outcomes included the incidence of intraoperative overall complications, length of hospital stay, and the postoperative pain resulting from gastric bypass surgery, assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) two years after surgery.</p><p><strong>Risk of bias: </strong>Two review authors independently evaluated the risk of bias for each included study using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool.</p><p><strong>Synthesis methods: </strong>Two review authors independently assessed the methodological quality and extracted data from the included trials. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis for data synthesis. We calculated risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for dichotomous outcomes, and mean difference (MD) with 95% CIs for continuous outcomes. We assessed the certainty of evidence based on the GRADE approach.</p><p><strong>Included studies: </strong>We identified three RCTs with 3010 participants, which met our inclusion criteria. The closure of mesenteric defects used non-absorbable, interrupt closure in one study, and non-absorbable running sutures in two studies.</p><p><strong>Synthesis of results: </strong>The closure of defects during RYGB may reduce the incidence of internal hernia with bowel obstruction within 10 years compar","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"4 ","pages":"CD014612"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delayed initiation or reduced initial dose of calcineurin-inhibitors for kidney transplant recipients at high risk of delayed graft function.","authors":"Laia Oliveras, Pamela López-Vargas, Edoardo Melilli, Sergi Codina, Ana Royuela, Ana Coloma López, Alexandre Favà, Anna Manonelles, Carlos Couceiro, Nuria Lloberas, Josep M Cruzado, Nuria Montero","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD014855.pub2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD014855.pub2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kidney transplantation is the preferred therapy for many patients with kidney failure. Delayed graft function (DGF) is more common in donors after cardiac death (DCD), especially those with older age, longer cold ischemia time, or higher creatinine levels. Currently, there is no agreement on the optimal immunosuppressive approach for patients at increased risk of DGF. Strategies include delaying the introduction of calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) or using an initial low dose of CNI.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the benefits and harms of delayed initiation of CNI or reduced CNI dose as initial immunosuppression therapy for kidney transplant recipients at high risk of DGF.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>The Cochrane Kidney and Transplant Register of Studies was searched up to 11 December 2024 through contact with the Information Specialist using search terms relevant to this review. Studies in the Register are identified through searches of CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE, conference proceedings, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) Search Portal, and ClinicalTrials.gov.</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs evaluating delayed versus early initiation of CNI or reduced versus standard initial dose of CNI in kidney transplant recipients at high risk of DGF.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong>Three authors independently assessed study eligibility, and two assessed the risk of bias, certainty of evidence, extracted the data, and performed the analysis. Results were reported as risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for dichotomous outcomes and as mean difference (MD) with 95% CI for continuous outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed using the random-effects model. Risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool 1.0, and the certainty of the evidence according to the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methods, which are presented in the summary of findings tables.</p><p><strong>Main results: </strong>We included 12 studies (2230 randomised participants). All studies were performed in Europe. Around 60% of the participants were males, reflecting the expected proportion in the population on kidney replacement therapy in Europe. Most studies had insufficient information to judge adequate random sequence generation and, or allocation concealment. All studies were unblinded, and judged as high risk of bias for DGF if the definition was based on need for dialysis, and for acute rejection if the diagnosis did not require a biopsy. Overall, the level of certainty was low, and reasons to downgrade were mainly due to risk of bias and imprecision. Delayed versus early initiation of CNI There may be little or no difference in DGF between the groups (6 studies, 905 recipients: RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.12; low certainty evidence) or in ","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"4 ","pages":"CD014855"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital tracking, provider decision support systems, and targeted client communication via mobile devices to improve primary health care.","authors":"Smisha Agarwal, Weng Yee Chin, Lavanya Vasudevan, Nicholas Henschke, Tigest Tamrat, Hakan Safaralilo Foss, Claire Glenton, Hanna Bergman, Marita S Fønhus, Natschja Ratanaprayul, Shivani Pandya, Garrett L Mehl, Simon Lewin","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD012925.pub2","DOIUrl":"10.1002/14651858.CD012925.pub2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Digital tracking on mobile devices, combined with clinical decision support systems and targeted client communication, can facilitate service delivery and potentially improve outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the effects of using a mobile device to track service use when combined with clinical decision support (Tracking + CDSS), with targeted client communications (Tracking + TCC), or both (Tracking + CDSS + TCC).</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>Cochrane CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, Ovid Population Information Online (POPLINE), K4Health and WHO Global Health Library (2000 to November 2022).</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>Randomised and non-randomised trials in community/primary care settings.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>primary care providers and clients Interventions: 1. Tracking + CDSS 2. Tracking + TCC 3. Tracking + CDSS + TCC Comparators: usual care (without digital tracking) DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently screened trials, extracted data and assessed risk of bias using the RoB 1 tool. We used a random-effects model to meta-analyse data producing risk differences (RD), risk ratios (RR), or odds ratios (OR) for dichotomous outcomes and mean differences (MD) for continuous outcomes. Evidence certainty was assessed using GRADE.</p><p><strong>Main results: </strong>We identified 18 eligible studies (11 randomised, seven non-randomised) conducted in Bangladesh, China, Ethiopia, India, Kenya, Palestine, Uganda, and the USA. All non-randomised studies had a high risk of bias. These results are from randomised studies. 'Probably/may/uncertain' indicates 'moderate/low/very low' certainty evidence. Tracking + CDSS Relating to antenatal/ postnatal care: Providers' adherence to recommendations May slightly increase home visits in the week following delivery (2 studies, 4531 participants; RD 0.10 [0.07, 0.14]) May slightly increase counselling for initiating complementary feeding (2 studies, 4397 participants; RD 0.12 [0.08, 0.15]) May slightly increase the mean number of home visits in the month following delivery (1 study, 3023 participants; MD 0.75 [0.47, 1.03]) Uncertain effect on home visits within 24 hours of delivery Clients' health behaviours May slightly increase skin-to-skin care (1 study, 1544 participants; RD 0.05 [0.00, 0.10]) May slightly increase early breastfeeding (2 studies, 4540 participants; RD 0.08 [0.05, 0.12]) Uncertain effects on applying nothing to the umbilical cord, taking ≥ 90 iron-folate tablets during pregnancy, exclusively breastfeeding for six months, delaying the newborn's bath at least two days and Kangaroo Mother Care. Clients' health status May reduce low birthweight babies (1 study, 3023 participants; RR 0.53 [0.38, 0.73]) May increase infants with pneumonia or fever seeking care (1 study, 3470 participants; RR 1.13 [1.03, 1.24]) Uncertain effects on stillbirths, neonatal and infant deaths, or testing positive for HIV d","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"4 ","pages":"CD012925"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gonadotropins for ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.","authors":"Nienke S Weiss, Elena B Kostova, Ben Willem J Mol, Madelon van Wely","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD010290.pub4","DOIUrl":"10.1002/14651858.CD010290.pub4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Ovulation induction with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a second-line treatment in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who do not ovulate or conceive on clomiphene citrate or letrozole, though induction protocols and types of gonadotropins used vary greatly.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the effectiveness and safety of gonadotropins as a second-line treatment for ovulation induction in women with PCOS who do not ovulate or conceive after clomiphene citrate or letrozole.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>In March 2024, we searched the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group Specialised Register of Controlled Trials, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO. We checked references of all relevant studies. We had no language or date restrictions.</p><p><strong>Eligibility criteria: </strong>All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) reporting data on clinical outcomes in women with PCOS who did not ovulate or conceive on clomiphene citrate or letrozole, and were undergoing ovulation induction with urinary-derived gonadotropins, including urofollitropin in purified FSH (uFSH) or highly purified FSH (HP-FSH) form, human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) and highly purified human menopausal gonadotropin (HP-HMG), or recombinant FSH (rFSH) were eligible. We included trials reporting on ovulation induction followed by intercourse or intrauterine insemination. We excluded studies that described co-treatment with clomiphene citrate, metformin, luteinising hormone, or letrozole.</p><p><strong>Outcomes: </strong>We implemented the core outcome set for infertility. Our critical outcomes were live birth rate and multiple pregnancy rate per woman. Important outcomes were clinical pregnancy, pregnancy loss, incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) per woman, total gonadotropin dose, total duration of stimulation per woman, gestational age at birth, birthweight, neonatal mortality, and major congenital anomaly.</p><p><strong>Risk of bias: </strong>We used the Cochrane RoB 1 tool to assess bias in the included studies.</p><p><strong>Synthesis methods: </strong>Where meta-analysis was possible, we combined data using a fixed-effect model to calculate the risk ratio (RR) or mean difference. We summarised the overall certainty of evidence for the main outcomes using GRADE criteria.</p><p><strong>Included studies: </strong>We included 15 studies with 2348 women. Ten trials compared rFSH with urinary-derived gonadotropins (one compared rFSH with human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG), and nine compared rFSH with urinary FSH). Three trials compared HMG with purified FSH (uFSH). One trial compared HP-FSH with purified FSH (uFSH) and one trial compared gonadotropins with continued clomiphene citrate.</p><p><strong>Synthesis of results: </strong>Recombinant FSH (rFSH) versus urinary-derived gonadotropins There may be little or no difference in the birth rate between rFSH and urinary-derived gonadotropins (R","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"4 ","pages":"CD010290"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques for pre-symptomatic identification of genetic diseases in newborns.","authors":"Sara Pessano, Maria Boldor, Francesca Faravelli, Michelle Fiander, Karsten Juhl Jørgensen, Roger F Soll, Matteo Bruschettini","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD016118","DOIUrl":"10.1002/14651858.CD016118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the benefits and harms of using NGS techniques compared to conventional newborn screening alone for pre-symptomatic identification of genetic diseases in newborns.</p><p><strong>Secondary objectives: </strong>to explore equity and ethical issues in the application of the new techniques, to inform healthcare decisions by families, carers, and policymakers.</p>","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"4 ","pages":"CD016118"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative medical therapy before surgery for uterine fibroids.","authors":"Lucian Puscasiu, Beverley Vollenhoven, Helen E Nagels, Ioana-Marta Melinte, Marian G Showell, Anne Lethaby","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD000547.pub3","DOIUrl":"10.1002/14651858.CD000547.pub3","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Uterine fibroids occur in up to 40% of women over 35 years of age. Up to 50% of uterine fibroids cause symptoms that warrant treatment: anaemia caused by heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, dysmenorrhoea, infertility and poor quality of life. Surgery is the first choice of treatment, but medical therapies have been used prior to surgery to improve outcomes. Gonadotropin-hormone-releasing analogues (GnRHa) induce a low-oestrogen state that shrinks fibroids, but they have unacceptable side effects if used long-term. Other potential hormonal treatments include progestins and selective progesterone-receptor modulators (SPRMs). This updates a Cochrane review published in 2017.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;To assess the benefits and risks of medical treatments prior to surgery for uterine fibroids.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Search methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We searched the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group Specialized Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL on 8 August 2024. We also searched trials registers (ClinicalTrials.gov; WHO ICTRP), theses and dissertations, and grey literature, as well as handsearching reference lists of retrieved articles and contacting pharmaceutical companies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selection criteria: &lt;/strong&gt;We included randomised controlled trials of premenopausal women receiving medical therapy before myomectomy, hysterectomy or hysteroscopic resection for uterine fibroids versus placebo, no pretreatment or another medical therapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data collection and analysis: &lt;/strong&gt;We used standard Cochrane methods. We assessed the certainty of the evidence using GRADE.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results: &lt;/strong&gt;We included 41 RCTs, which involved 3982 women. Thirty-six studies evaluated GnRHa: the comparators were no pretreatment (19 studies), placebo (9 studies), or other medical pretreatments (progestin, SPRMs, selective oestrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), dopamine agonists, oestrogen receptor antagonists) (8 studies). Five studies evaluated SPRMs versus placebo. Most results provided low-certainty evidence due to poor reporting of randomisation procedures, lack of blinding, imprecision and inconsistency. Some outcomes were not measured or did not have usable data. The use of ulipristal acetate (an SPRM) is suspended at this time (March 2025) because of an association with cases of liver failure. GnRHa versus placebo or no pretreatment before surgery for uterine fibroids GnRHa pretreatment may reduce uterine volume (mean difference (MD) -175.34 mL, 95% confidence interval (CI) -219.04 to -131.65; 13 studies, 858 participants; I² = 67%; low-certainty evidence) and fibroid volume (MD range 5.7 mL to 155.4 mL; 5 studies to heterogeneous to pool, 427 participants; low-certainty evidence), and probably increases preoperative haemoglobin (MD 0.88 g/dL, 95% CI 0.68 to 1.08; 10 studies, 834 participants; I² = 0%; moderate-certainty evidence). However, there is probably a greater likelihood o","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"4 ","pages":"CD000547"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual combination therapy versus long-acting bronchodilators alone for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a systematic review and network meta-analysis.","authors":"Yuji Oba, Mona Pathak, Tinashe Maduke, Eddie W Fakhouri, Sofia Dias","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD015997","DOIUrl":"10.1002/14651858.CD015997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the comparative efficacy and safety of fixed-dose dual inhalers (i.e. LABA/LAMA versus ICS/LABA) and combination therapies versus LABA or LAMA monotherapy in individuals with moderate to very severe COPD, using network meta-analysis, and to rank these treatments based on their efficacy and safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"4 ","pages":"CD015997"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-hospital motor interventions to reduce neurodevelopmental impairment in preterm infants: a scoping review.","authors":"Anna Badura, Michelle Fiander, Anna Gabriel, Matteo Pirinu, Laura Beccani, Roger F Soll, Jane Cracknell, Dirk Faas, Sven Wellmann, Matteo Bruschettini","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD016181","DOIUrl":"10.1002/14651858.CD016181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (prototype). The objectives are as follows: The aim of this scoping review is to map the quantitative literature about in-hospital motor interventions used to reduce neurodevelopmental impairment in preterm infants. We will collate information about the features, delivery mechanisms, objectives, providers, underlying theoretical frameworks, hypothesized or reported outcomes of these interventions, and equity characteristics of the population. The goal will be to document the breadth and characteristics of available evidence and to identify gaps or areas of knowledge in the field of motor interventions. Subcategories: Identify motor interventions initiated during neonatal intensive care unit stays for preterm infants Identify techniques, elements, and modalities in each intervention Determine the theories underlying these interventions Describe the extent to which the interventions are parent-centered Synthesize and categorize the different motor interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"4 ","pages":"CD016181"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical cannabis for the treatment of insomnia.","authors":"Lucia B Varela, Camila Micaela Escobar Liquitay, Samanta Díaz Menai, Luis Garegnani","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD016216","DOIUrl":"10.1002/14651858.CD016216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the effects of medical cannabis on adults with insomnia.</p>","PeriodicalId":10473,"journal":{"name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews","volume":"4 ","pages":"CD016216"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}