Clinical Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"The Fleming Fund: Key Features of Design and Approach to Strengthening Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance in Low- and Middle-Income Countries","authors":"Tim Shorten, Jemima Clarke, Archibald Drake, Ankur Gupta-Wright, Milena von und zur Mühlen, Evelyn Wesangula","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag499","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the Fleming Fund as a major long-term investment in strengthening antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance in low- and middle-income countries. Established by the UK Department of Health and Social Care in 2015, the Fund committed up to £498 million to support surveillance capacity across 25 countries in Africa and Asia through a One Health approach spanning human, animal and environmental health. The paper situates the Fleming Fund within wider global concern about AMR and highlights surveillance as essential for stewardship, policy and international coordination. It describes the Fleming Fund's design logic, governance arrangements, grant architecture and evolving strategic priorities, with particular attention to how the program combined laboratory strengthening, workforce development, data systems, quality assurance, sampling pathways and multisectoral coordination to generate credible and usable AMR data. The analysis also examines the Phase 2 shift from an initial emphasis on data generation toward greater attention to data interpretation, dissemination and use in policy and practice. Drawing on program documentation, evaluation evidence and stakeholder perspectives, the paper presents the Fleming Fund as an important case of large-scale surveillance system strengthening in resource-constrained settings. It argues that the Fund offers wider lessons on the time, coordination and institutional embedding required to move from externally supported capacity building toward sustainable national surveillance functions. These lessons are relevant to future AMR investments and to broader debates on global health security, health systems strengthening and One Health implementation.","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generating Actionable Data From Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance: Insights From the Fleming Fund's International Experience","authors":"Ankur Gupta-Wright, Suliat Yetunde Adeleke, Victoria Adetunji, Qadeer Ahsan, Ritu Amatya, Ben Amos, Brian Asare, Sorie I O Bangura, Cyril Buhler, Nicholas Feasey, N Claire Gordon, Heidi Hopkins, Freddy Eric Kitutu, Toby Leslie, Ibrahima Lo, Seynabou Lo, Ayodele Majekodunmi, Rebecca Maudling, Ntombi B Mudenda, Victor Moses Musyoki, Deborah Nanjebe, Tessa Oakley, Manish Pathak, Tamalee Roberts, Lamiaa Shehata, Tim Shorten, Nure Alam Siddiky, John Stelling, Muhammad Taimoor, May Soe Thwe, Shawn Ting, Didem Torumkuney, Paul Turner, Jacob Wildfire, Timothy David Worth","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag497","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health threat, with the greatest burden falling on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) also challenged with limited surveillance capacity. The UK Government's Fleming Fund was established in 2015 to strengthen AMR surveillance across Africa and Asia through a One Health approach. This paper draws on program experience, country implementation evidence, and published literature to describe how the Fleming Fund operationalized AMR surveillance, assess its contribution to the quantity and quality of surveillance data, identify key implementation challenges, and consider implications for future global surveillance strategies. The Fleming Fund combined investments in laboratory infrastructure, workforce development, quality assurance, data systems, governance, and data use. Across supported countries, these investments enabled substantial growth in routine bacteriology and antimicrobial susceptibility testing, strengthened reference and surveillance laboratory capacity, increased participation in external quality assessment, and expanded reporting to the World Health Organization's Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System. The program also supported complementary surveillance approaches, including antimicrobial use and consumption data and, in some settings, burden-of-disease and genomic surveillance. Progress, however, has been uneven and remains vulnerable to fragile infrastructure, procurement and supply chain bottlenecks, workforce turnover, fragmented data systems, weak clinical–laboratory interfaces, limited representativeness, and uncertain long-term financing. The Fleming Fund experience shows that strengthening AMR surveillance in LMICs is feasible, but requires sustained, system-wide investment. Future strategies should prioritize integration with clinical care, stronger digital and analytical capacity, broader diagnostic access, and domestic financing to ensure that high-quality AMR data are generated, shared, and translated into action.","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fleming Fund Implementation in Kenya: What Have We Learned About Strengthening One Health Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance for Decision-making?","authors":"Evelyn Wesangula, Nkatha Gitonga, Emmanuel Tanui, Romona Ndanyi, Susan Githii, Bridgit Syombua Muasa, Eunice Omondi, Eric M Fèvre, Dishon M Muloi, Ali Kassim, Josiah Mwenda, Christine Minoo Mbindyo, Irungu John Kamau, Loice Achieng Ombajo, Gunturu Revathi, Veronica Chuchu, Anafi Mataka, Moctar M M Mouiche, Arshnee Moodley, Stanley Fenwick, Deborah Nanjebe, Lillian Bibangamba, Patrick Mubangizi, Toby Leslie, John A Crump, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Tim Walsh, Kate Macintyre, Rebecca Maudling, Solomon Mugabe, Raheelah Ahmad, Lamiaa Shehata, Tim Shorten","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag500","url":null,"abstract":"Background Kenya has moved from fragmented, pilot-based antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance toward a coordinated One Health system, and its experience, pathways of change, and remaining gaps are relevant for other low- and middle-income settings working to operationalize One Health AMR surveillance. Methods Here, we report a narrative overview of programmatic learning using 2018 as the pre-Fleming Fund baseline, drawing on national and global surveillance reports, monitoring frameworks from the Quadripartite indicators, qualitative evidence on governance, implementation and policy evolution across the One Health sectors, and Fleming Fund documentation. Results Since 2018, AMR surveillance expanded from 2 human health sites to 30 human, animal, and environmental sites by 2025. National reports evolved to integrate AMR, antimicrobial consumption, and antimicrobial use data; routine reporting to global platforms matured; and outputs such as dashboards, reports, and policy briefs informing stewardship, Infection Prevention and Control, regulatory action, and policy decisions. External benchmarks showed improvement in AMR-related capacity, with World Health Organization Joint External Evaluation scores moving from limited to demonstrated capacity for surveillance and multisectoral coordination. Conclusions Kenya's experience suggests that sustainable progress depends on embedding AMR surveillance within government-led governance structures, technical systems, and coordinated partner support, but sustaining gains will require predictable financing and routine data use.","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surveillance Data Use Through the Fleming Fund: Informing Action on Antimicrobial Resistance in Low- and Middle-Income Countries","authors":"Archie Drake, Alesia Ofori, Amy Rahmadanti, Ankur Gupta-Wright, Areeya Disratthakit, Ayodele Majekodunmi, Benjamin Kissi Sasu, N Claire Gordon, Claudia Parry, Collins Mitambo, Deborah Nanjebe, Desrina Sitompul, Didem Torumkuney, Evelyn Wesangula, Freddy Eric Kitutu, Heidi Hopkins, Jacob Wildfire, Japheth A Opintan, Jennifer Armitage, Joseph Sam Kanu, Kate Macintyre, Kriti Khurana, Lamiaa Shehata, Manish Pathak, Megha Raj Banjara, Milena von und zur Mühlen, Muhammad Taimoor Kayani, Muhammad Usman Zaheer, Mwapu Ndahi, Nandini Shetty, Nicholas Feasey, Nigel French, Nimesh Poudyal, Nure Alam Siddiky, Paul Turner, Pem Chuki, Qadeer Ahsan, Rebecca Maudling, Ritu Amatya, Satyajit Sarkar, Syed Abbas, Tamalee Roberts, Tauqeer Mustafa, Tim Shorten, Titha Dzowela, Toby Leslie, Tochi Okwor, Yu Nandar Aung","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag520","url":null,"abstract":"Background Drawing on the Fleming Fund's work to strengthen antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance across Africa and Asia during 2018–2026, this article provides one of the first syntheses of AMR surveillance data use in low- and middle-income countries. Methods A participatory synthesis for narrative review was conducted to summarize experience across administrative levels (facility, subnational, national, and regional). Results Data use was most evident at the facility level, in human health systems where resistance patterns, antimicrobial use, and clinical data increasingly informed antimicrobial stewardship, infection prevention and control, and other quality improvement initiatives. Data use in other sectors required different approaches. At the national level, Fleming Fund investments were associated with revisions of treatment guidelines, updates of essential medicines lists, and regulatory measures, primarily through improved governance and policy communities. Regional platforms supported member country data use at the national level. Subnational data use was undertaken in countries with decentralized health systems. Across levels, data use pathways driven by local priorities helped surveillance inform action. Conclusions Fleming Fund experience suggests that surveillance is more likely to inform action when data use is built into system design. Continued investment will be needed if AMR surveillance is to improve policy and practice in low- and middle-income countries.","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Neighbourhood-level Antibiotic Utilization and the Rate of Community-Associated C. difficile (CA-CDI) Infection: An Ecological Study","authors":"Kantaphong Hakin, Nick Daneman, Alejandro Hernandez, Bradley J Langford, Valerie Leung, Kevin L Schwartz, Kevin A Brown","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag661","url":null,"abstract":"Background Despite reductions in hospital-associated Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) incidence in Canada and the United States, the incidence of community-associated CDI (CA-CDI) has remained high. We sought to investigate whether neighbourhood-level variation in antibiotic utilization is associated with CA-CDI. Method We conducted a neighbourhood-level ecological study across 1,520 neighbourhoods in Ontario, Canada. Residents aged ≥66 without hospitalization in the prior 30 days were eligible for inclusion from 2017 to 2023. Antibiotic utilization, CDI cases, and population were identified for each neighbourhood using comprehensive province-wide databases. CA-CDI rate was the outcome (incident cases of CA-CDI/10,000 person-years). Rate of antibiotic utilization (DOT per 1000 person-days) was the primary exposure. The rate-ratio (RR) of CA-CDI associated with increased antibiotic utilization was estimated using negative-binomial regression, adjusting for 8 demographic and health care covariates. We also evaluated risk based on low-, moderate-, and high-risk antibiotic strata based on published literature. Result We identified 19,757 CA-CDI cases. We observed substantial variation in antibiotic utilization across neighbourhoods (Median=21.1 DOT/1000 person-days; interquartile range [IQR], 16.7–25.6). After adjustments, we observed an association between overall antibiotic utilization (RR=1.13 per 10-point increase in DOT; 95% confidence interval [95%CI], 1.09–1.18). A gradient wherein higher risk antibiotic agents were more strongly associated with CA-CDI was apparent (Low-risk: RR=1.08; 95%CI, 1.01–1.15; Moderate-risk: RR=1.27; 95%CI, 1.15–1.39; High-risk: RR=1.73; 95%CI, 1.13–2.66). Discussion Neighbourhoods with higher antibiotic utilization, especially for moderate and high-risk antibiotics, have higher CA-CDI incidence. Reducing variability in neighbourhood antibiotic utilization could help reduce the burden of CDI.","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149218626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Resistance and One Health: Lessons on One Health Governance and Implementation from the Fleming Fund","authors":"Syed Shahid Abbas, Rebecca Maudling, Antoine Andremont, Yu Nandar Aung, Regina Ama Banu, Manisha Bista, Roderick M Card, Eileen Chappell, Etienne Chevanne, Mauricio Coppo, Stanley Fenwick, Nigel French, William H Gaze, Joanna McKenzie, Noah Obeng-Nkrumah, Garima Singh, Desrina Sitompul, Mark Stevenson, Shawn Ting, Jaap A Wagenaar, Evelyn Wesangula, Anke Wiethoelter, Timothy Worth, Qadeer Ahsan, Winfred Christine Amia, Mathias Ayuk Besong, Eric Sampane Donkor, James Fairfax, Heidi Hopkins, Easrat Jahan, Anis Karuniawati, Toby Leslie, Ayodele Majekodunmi, Arshnee Moodley, Athina Papadopoulou, Shahriar Rizvi, Tim Shorten, Steven Uggowitzer, Tom Weaver, Muhammad Usman Zaheer","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag517","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reflects upon the experience of the Fleming Fund in designing and implementing One Health antimicrobial resistance (AMR) programs in 25 countries and identifies practical lessons for the design of future One Health programs. The Fleming Fund experience highlights key priorities for implementing One Health effectively within AMR programs–though many of the insights should be applicable to other contexts as well, such as emerging infectious diseases and health security. One Health should be treated as an approach to problem framing and action rather than a program output, with flexibility for national adaptation. Meaningful implementation requires sustained investment beyond human health, particularly in animal and environmental sectors, to avoid symbolic engagement. Surveillance systems should consider both the role of the sector and sector-specific needs, supported by capacity for joint interpretation and use of evidence. The costs of multisectoral coordination should be explicitly resourced and both formal governance mechanisms and informal professional networks recognized as essential for building trust, sustaining collaboration, and translating data into policy-relevant action.","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Follows an Antibiotic Is Not Necessarily Caused by It.","authors":"Esteban Martinez","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag673","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Not All Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Is Equal: Site-Specific Mortality in a National Indian Cohort","authors":"Urvashi B Singh, Kevin DiBona, Sana Shaikh, Sanjay K Mattoo, Raghuram Rao, Shobini Rajan, Nishant Kumar, Meagan Karoly, Aparna Chaudhary, Pranay Sinha","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag677","url":null,"abstract":"Among 777,512 Indian adults with extrapulmonary tuberculosis, in-treatment mortality varied over tenfold by site, highest for tuberculous meningitis (adjusted odds ratio 12.48 vs. lymph node TB), miliary (5.17), and pericardial TB (3.86). Associations of HIV, diabetes, alcohol, and tobacco use with mortality varied across sites. Risk-stratified, comorbidity-aware care is warranted.","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflections for the Future of AMR Surveillance and AMR Action","authors":"Clare I R Chandler, Syed Abbas, Afreenish Amir, Sylvia Bertagnolio, Lillian Bibangamba, Colin Brown, Hannah Brown, Roderick M Card, Adrienne Chattoe-Brown, Rachel Dalton, Archie Drake, Stanley Fenwick, Clare Gilbert, Claire Gordon, Ankur Gupta-Wright, Heidi Hopkins, Emmanuel Kabali, Freddy Kitutu, Toby Leslie, Rebecca Maudling, Maxencia Nabiryo, Amy Potter, Helena Rosado, Victoria Rutter, Nandini Shetty, Tim Shorten, Milena von und zur Mühlen, Catriona Waddington, Jaap A Wagenaar, Evelyn Wesangula, Dan Whitaker, Javier Yugueros-Marcos, Kate Macintyre","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag498","url":null,"abstract":"Background This paper builds on the other papers in this series to present high-level lessons learnt and considerations for the future of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance and its contribution to action on AMR in low- and middle-income countries. Methods Participatory synthesis involved engagement with individuals who had worked within and alongside the Fleming Fund from a range of organizations and geographies, to scope and solidify lessons learnt and future considerations relevant to a wide range of donors, partners, and policy makers or implementors. Contributors were invited to join a Writing Group, which included individuals from academia, clinical sciences, applied public, animal, environment, and food sciences health, as well as senior scientists and administrators from 14 organizations. The synthesis was informed by contributions to 4 virtual workshops and 3 drafts of the manuscript. Authors read and commented on the drafts, several wrote and referenced sections, and all gave substantive feedback with their reactions to the draft conclusions as consensus was built. Results Over nearly 10 years, the Fleming Fund achieved significant improvements in AMR surveillance. Analysis of the barriers and enablers across settings and systems highlights key lessons for how surveillance is positioned, funded, used, and innovated upon. The success of future AMR surveillance and its sustainability relies on planning within resource constraints for a sharpened system that focuses the scope, frequency, and depth of data to inform action, technical, and architectural developments directions to streamline investment and financing that supports country-led sustainable approaches. Conclusions Investment in AMR surveillance and broader AMR actions has yielded substantial progress. Expanded domestic public financing, large-scale private sector engagement, or enhanced multilateral support will be needed to ensure recent gains are sustained. Progress will require well-designed, targeted, and cost-effective investments to maintain current capacity while enabling further system strengthening.","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Surveillance: Ten Years On","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag496","url":null,"abstract":"<span class=\"paragraphSection\">Antimicrobial resistance threatens to reverse decades of medical progress, turning once-routine infections into life-threatening conditions and placing growing strain on health systems and economies worldwide. The urgency to act has never been greater: without decisive intervention, an estimated 39 million deaths could be attributable to AMR between 2025 and 2050 [<a class=\"reflinks\" href=\"#ciag496-B1\">1</a>], while the global economy could be up to US$1.7 trillion smaller annually by mid-century [<a class=\"reflinks\" href=\"#ciag496-B2\">2</a>].</span>","PeriodicalId":10463,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","volume":"285 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}