Clinical Medical Reviews and Case Reports最新文献

{"title":"Bilateral Lung Transplantation Due to Sjögren's Syndrome in a Patient with Klinefelter Syndrome","authors":"T. Beauperthuy Levy, G. Anguera de Francisco, C. Fonfría Esparcia, N. Mancheño Franch","doi":"10.23937/2378-3656/1410376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-3656/1410376","url":null,"abstract":"Klinefelter syndrome is one of the most frequent congenital chromosome disorders. Autoimmune diseases are not uncommon in patients with Klinefelter syndrome and associations between them have long been described. However, there is a paucity of literature regarding the effect of hypogonadism on respiratory system in these patients. Herein, we described a 28-year-old patient who presented with a constellation of unexplained respiratory signs and symptoms, such as tachypnea, hypoxemia, crackles recurrent pulmonary infections since childhood and progressive worsening of his pulmonary function, was diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome in adulthood. CT chest with diffuse interstitial lung involvement and multiple cystic areas. Based on the radiological findings, an underlying autoimmune process was suspected and investigations showed findings compatible with Sjögren’s syndrome. Double lung transplantation was thus indicated considering the irreversible interstitial changes in both lungs. Explant biopsy showed up histological pattern suggestive of interstitial lung disease with autoimmune features. Therefore, the importance of suspecting connective tissue diseases in patients with Klinefelter syndrome, perhaps due to the double X chromosome and a low androgen-toestrogen ratio that characterizes them.","PeriodicalId":10450,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Case Reports","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91240448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One Head Trauma, Three ENT Manifestations","authors":"Santos Pedro, Rego Ângela, Carvalho Isabel, Meireles LuÍs","doi":"10.23937/2378-3656/1410378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-3656/1410378","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: It is well known that head trauma (HT) can cause hypoacusis; as well as benign positional paroxysmal vertigo (BPPV) and anosmia, which are frequently referred as sequelae of HY. However, the post-HT triad of BPPV, hypoacusis and anosmia is extremely rare to occur in the same patient, with only two cases reported in the literature. With this case report we wish to describe a clinical case of HT that caused hypoacusis, BPPV and anosmia as sequelae, and to review the importance of ENT evaluation in some cases of HT, even in the absence of cranial fractures. Results: We describe the case of a 71-year-old patient referred to ENT consultation with complaints olfactory changes, vertigo and worsening of left hearing loss with tinnitus after HT. Physical examination revealed the presence of anosmia (UPSIT®: 7 correct answers), left posterior semi-circular canal BPPV and left ear conduction hearing loss (Rinne negative on the left and Weber lateralized to the left). Audiometrically, the patient had moderate grade I mixed deafness of the left ear, with good discrimination and worsening compared to previous exams. CE-CT performed within hours after trauma showed left frontobasal and temporal contusion with scattered subarachnoid hemorrhage and subdural hematoma. A cycle of systemic corticosteroid therapy was attempted without favourable evolution of the anosmia. Conclusion: Even without traces of cranial fracture, post-HT ENT involvement can be complex. After HT the membranous labyrinth may be affected by concussion/ stretching of the Corti organ. On the other hand, after intracranial hemorrhage there may be decreased inner ear pressure. HT can also shift otoconia to different semicircular canals, which is the proposed mechanism for post-traumatic BPPV. Finally, frontal and/or temporal concussions, as well as disruption of olfactory fillets, are the most common causes of post-HT olfactory changes, which are often irreversible. In conclusion, otolaryngologists should be aware of the various post-traumatic ENT manifestations, as early identification and treatment of post-HT sequelae can improve the prognosis.","PeriodicalId":10450,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Case Reports","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81374033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maxillary Skeletal Expansion with the Assistance of Ortho Implants: A Clinical Case Report","authors":"Olga Alicia Téllez-Castellanos, R. Scougall-Vilchis, R. Contreras-Bulnes, Claudia CentenoPedraza, Verónica G. Jaimes-Torres, Judith Arjona-Serrano","doi":"10.33425/2768-6647.1010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2768-6647.1010","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The maxillary skeletal expander (MSE) with the assistance of ortho implants is used to perform rapid palatal expansion in patients who are no longer growing. This case report describes a 15-year-old boy with a bilateral posterior crossbite caused by transverse maxillary deficiency. Methods: A 10-mm MSE was placed with four ortho implants. The MSE was activated once per day for 20 days. Subsequently, a fixed appliance (MBT) was placed as corrective treatment. Results: An approximate expansion of 8 mm was achieved using the MSE. The posterior crossbite was corrected by increasing the transverse dimensions of the maxilla. An adequate inter-arch relationship similar to the class I molar and canine relationships was achieved, as were a 2-mm overjet and 2-mm overbite. Conclusions: The use of the MSE with the assistance of ortho implants is an alternative method of treatment that can be beneficial for patients who are no longer growing. This method avoids the use of surgical expansion and is less invasive, more economical, and more comfortable for the patient.","PeriodicalId":10450,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Case Reports","volume":"97 10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87697957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19: A Family's Cursed","authors":"M. Ameri, N. Hadi, M. Ameri, A. Al-Ameri","doi":"10.33425/2768-6647.1012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2768-6647.1012","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This report aims to observe a clinical association between obesity, and COVID-19 symptoms and post infection symptoms. Along with the importance of supportive treatment, in detection of COVID-19 complications, as early detection and intervention made a huge difference in patients’ prognosis. Subjects and Methods: After verbal consent and clearance from ethics committee, all the 3 patients (n=3) presenting with common cold, fever, cough, and breathlessness, along with obesity were considered for entry to this study. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed via a positive rtPCR test among all the patients. All the patients were given standard treatment. Results: All the 3 cases were obese adults aged 51 years old male, 33-year-old male, and 45- year-old female, all of them presented with fever, cough, breathlessness, and body ache simulating a respiratory tract viral infection. They were initially treated with Cephalosporin IV 1 g, Levaquin 750 mg daily, and subcutaneous injection of low molecular weight heparin 40 mg BID, Dexamethasone 6 mg IV BID depending upon the clinical status of these patients. Those patients who had lower oxygen saturation below 90% (n=2) were also administered dexamethasone dosage to 8 mg BID IV, and meropenem to 1 g IV BID, and continue supportive treatment for possible benefit. All patients recovered. Conclusions: Over the course of our 3 cases series, we were able to observe a clinical association between obesity, and COVID-19 symptoms, and post-infection symptoms. While this is a preliminary outcome on the impact, it does raise questions about disease modifications in patients with obesity, and its impact on response to treatment. We also saw the importance of supportive treatment, in the detection of COVID-19 complications, as early detection and intervention made a huge difference in patients’ prognosis.","PeriodicalId":10450,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Case Reports","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85759545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis, Is It a Surgical Disease? Case Series and Literature Review","authors":"S. Alajmi, Jamila Alazhri","doi":"10.33425/2768-6647.1011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2768-6647.1011","url":null,"abstract":"Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis (IGM) is an uncommon benign chronic inflammatory breast disease. It can mimic two frequent breast disorders, breast cancer and breast abscess. Although it is associated with certain risk factors, neither clinical presentation nor radiological findings are diagnostic. Histopathological evaluation plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of IGM and its treatment is controversial. We present two patients with IGM treated at King Fahad Specialist Hospital-Dammam, Saudi Arabia, over a period of 4 years. Both patients had different clinical presentations, and treatment courses. However, they both achieved remission of the disease eventually. We recommend that surgical management should be considered last in the treatment options, to avoid wound related chronic complications and poor cosmetic outcomes. The clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of IGM are discussed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":10450,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Case Reports","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78758184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Painless Cervical Lymphadenopathy in an Elderly Patient - A Rare Case of Rosai-Dorfman Disease and Hodgkin's Lymphoma","authors":"Tan Shi Ying, Telisinghe Pemasiri Upali, Keasberry Justin Fook Siong","doi":"10.23937/2378-3656/1410371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-3656/1410371","url":null,"abstract":"Rosai-Dorfman disease is a rare, benign disease presenting with extensive lymphadenopathy. In this case, an 81-yearold gentleman with previous pulmonary tuberculosis, presented with painless cervical lymphadenopathy associated with generalized weakness, loss of appetite, and cough. The causes of cervical lymphadenopathy in elderly are comprehensive; hence thorough history taking, examination, and appropriate investigations are vital in diagnosing diseases. If blood investigations and imaging are inconclusive, a lymph node biopsy is recommended. He was later diagnosed with Rosai-Dorfman disease associated with Hodgkin’s lymphoma and dexamethasone treatment was initiated. Concomitant diagnoses are rare, but should not disregarded. Regular monitoring is required as immune dysregulation may exacerbate quiescent, treated pulmonary tuberculosis.","PeriodicalId":10450,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Case Reports","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78159904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factitious Disorder: A Paradox Case with Recurrent Symptomatic Hypoglycemia","authors":"Hassneiah Dana, Sevinc Seyma, Stewart Kendyl, Chaiklin Charlotte, Williams Marcia","doi":"10.23937/2378-3656/1410372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-3656/1410372","url":null,"abstract":"The patient was hospitalized and started on a Dextrose intravenous infusion. She underwent primary adrenal insufficiency testing with a normal co-syntropin stimulation test. She had normal glucose levels throughout her hospitalization. She was discharged home with instruction to discontinue use of oral hypoglycemic medications. A week after discharge the patient was found unresponsive and was brought to the emergency department for further evaluation. En route to the hospital, the patient was noted to have a blood glucose in the 20s. In the emergency department her blood glucose was 44. She was again admitted and started on a dextrose intravenous infusion. Despite continuous dextrose administration she was noted to have recurrent hypoglycemic episodes. Insulin, proinsulin, c-peptide, sulfonylurea, and meglitinide blood tests were collected. Insulin and c-peptide levels resulted as 116.6 mIU/mL and 9.24 ng/mL, respectively which suggested either insulinoma or insulin secretagogue induced hypoglycemia. She underwent abdominal computerized technology which showed no evidence of a pancreatic mass to suggest insulinoma. The patient requested to be discharged prior to the results of the additional laboratory tests. She was discharged and again advised to avoid using her home diabetes medications which she agreed to. After discharge, sulfonylurea level resulted at 1700 Introduction","PeriodicalId":10450,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Case Reports","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84635371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Wound with Varicose Vein in Rural Setting: The Challenge and Importance of Comorbidity Management","authors":"Song Agustini, Suryadinata Kevin Leonard, Yovita Nabila Viera","doi":"10.23937/2378-3656/1410374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-3656/1410374","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acute wound healing with comorbidities, such as a varicose vein, may be impaired and result in prolonged healing and unsightly scar if comorbidity identification and management are not done properly. We aimed to present the alternative comorbidity diagnosis and treatment for better outcome in rural setting. Case description: A 59-year-old woman was admitted to the ED with an open wound on the dorsolateral side of her left foot with comorbidity of uncontrolled hypertension and varicose vein. After wound closure with simple suture, the Perthes and Brodie-Trendelenburg tests were done which indicated insufficiency of perforator vein grade C3. Elastic bandage and physical activity restriction along with routine wound care and hypertension treatment were administrated with attention on wound exudate and pain level. On the 14th day, a day after the patient had prolonged standing, the wound was heavily macerated; it resolved to secondary healing and achieved full closure on the 53rd day with normal physiologic function and esthetically acceptable scar. Conclusion: The challenges we encountered in this case consisted of the limitation in diagnostic modality, the patient’s non-adherence to the treatment protocol, and the lack of wound dressing choice due to limitations in the rural setting. The combination of excellent wound care, comorbidity management supported by appropriate diagnostic and treatment modality, and patient’s adherence to treatment protocol are crucial for functional and esthetic wound healing. Despite challenges in a rural setting, achieving optimal wound healing may still be possible by utilizing alternative diagnostic and treatment choices, together with effective education.","PeriodicalId":10450,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Case Reports","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90228823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short Review of the Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"Amer Hamida, Ouhida Amal","doi":"10.23937/2378-3656/1410373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-3656/1410373","url":null,"abstract":"There is a dangerous virus spread across the globe since the end of 2019. The virus’s name is Coronavirus disease (Covid-19). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. COVID-19 is caused by one virus, called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2. An epidemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbroke in December 2019 in China, Wuhan, which is becoming a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. As this entity has become one of the worst infectious disease outbreaks of recent times, with mortality estimates in general population ranging from 1.4% to 8%, it is crucial to better understand the prognostic factors which can be associated to the outcome of this disease. This paper provides the existing data of the literature of all the prognosis factors of COVID-19 infection such as older age, obesity, laboratory results and imaging features of COVID-19. Research methodology: This is a review paper. All the information was taken from the several review and guidelines published by CDC, WHO, NIH, etc. Conclusion: In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about human coronavirus causing COVID-19 infection.","PeriodicalId":10450,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Case Reports","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89239592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic Quinolones and Risk of Retinal Detachment II: Systematic Review of Clinical Trials","authors":"Taher Mohamed Kadry, Habsah Mohamed, B. Lise M., M. Franco, M. Donald, Krewski Daniel","doi":"10.23937/2378-3656/1410369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-3656/1410369","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Quinolones represent a popular group of antibiotics that is favored by physicians due to their potency, broad-spectrum, unique mechanism of action, and reasonable safety. Concerns have been raised about a possible association between quinolones and retinal detachment (RD). Despite the emergence of resistance and availability of other treatment alternatives, quinolones remain a popular choice among physicians worldwide. Areas covered: This systematic review examined all original clinical trials in which a quinolone antibiotic was tested or used as a comparator, for evidence on occurrences of retinal detachment. We examined four major bibliographic databases, eight clinical trial registries, and grey literature sources including international conference proceedings, drug review networks and databases of pharmaceutical companies for ongoing or unpublished studies. This systematic review has been conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines and has been registered in PROSPERO: CRD42020148747. Expert opinion: We identified 1,554 original studies that examined quinolone antibiotics between 1974-2020 on participants of different ages, ethnic/racial backgrounds, and health status. Among the 145 eligible trials identified, no cases of retinal detachment were reported. There was no evidence from clinical trials to question systemically administered quinolone antibiotics as a cause of retinal detachment in persons with no history of eye diseases.","PeriodicalId":10450,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medical Reviews and Case Reports","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85093479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}