Clinical Medicine Insights. Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Prophylactic Dose of Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole on Serum Creatinine in Japanese Patients With Connective Tissue Diseases","authors":"R. Kawato, R. Rokutanda, M. Okada, M. Matsushita, K. Yamaji, N. Tamura","doi":"10.1177/11795441221085141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795441221085141","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: At normal doses of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), trimethoprim inhibits tubular creatinine secretion, leading to a rapid but reversible increase in serum creatinine (SCr). Although patients with connective tissue diseases are often in the state of immunosuppression and TMP/SMX is an important prophylactic drug, clinicians often have to stop or reduce the dosage due to concerns regarding its effect on renal function. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a prophylactic dose of TMP/SMX on SCr in Japanese patients with connective tissue diseases, the extent of SCr level elevation and the independent risk factors for creatinine elevation. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was undertaken. Participants included patients with connective tissue diseases who were treated with a prophylactic dose of TMP/SMX between 2004 and 2018. Using single and multiple regression analyses, the risk factors that affected SCr elevation were evaluated. Results: A total of 262 patients, females, n = 181; age, median (range) = 59 (19-89) years, were included. The median baseline SCr level before treatment was 0.62 (0.16-2.1) mg/dL. The median SCr elevation value was 0.07 (−0.54 to 0.84) mg/dL in 4 weeks after TMP/SMX initiation. Five (2%) participants had ⩾0.3 mg/dL SCr elevation. Multiple regression analyses, including age, baseline SCr, diuretic use, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and diabetes mellitus, indicated that baseline SCr and advanced age were independent risk factors of SCr elevation. Conclusions: These results demonstrated that baseline SCr and advanced age were associated with SCr elevation by a prophylactic dose of TMP/SMX. However, a prophylactic dose of TMP/SMX rarely elevated the SCr level significantly. Therefore, other causes can be considered if patients show an SCr elevation ⩾0.3 mg/dL.","PeriodicalId":10443,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84224208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colchicine May Interfere With the Efficacy of the Adenoviral Vector–Based Vaccine for COVID-19","authors":"Cheng-Wei Lin","doi":"10.1177/11795441221081061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795441221081061","url":null,"abstract":"Under the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, vaccines have become the crucial players to reduce the spread of the infection. Among them, the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine is an adenoviral vector vaccine with an overall efficacy of 70.4% in protection. The engineered adenovirus contains the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein gene and pushes its DNA into the vaccinated cell’s nucleus and subsequently, the spike protein can be made. During vaccination, the genome transition of adenovirus is influenced by the architecture and dynamics of the microtubule. Colchicine can alter microtubule dynamics by suppressing microtubule dynamics at lower concentrations and inducing depolymerization of microtubules at higher concentrations. Accordingly, the delivery of the genome to the vaccinated cell’s nucleus by the adenoviral vector could be hindered under the presence of colchicine. Nevertheless, colchicine is a common medication for gout therapy worldwide, and though not recommended by guidelines, colchicine has even been taken into consideration as a possible therapeutic option for COVID-19 infection. Given the above reasons and the worldwide use of colchicine, the impact of colchicine on the efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine via adenoviral vector should be viewed cautiously.","PeriodicalId":10443,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75530366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ingredients of a Natural Oral Nutritional Supplement and Their Role in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis","authors":"K. Bharat, N. Manhas, James Gutcho, Joshua Lin, S. Bhattacharyya, Robertus Kounang","doi":"10.1177/11795441211063365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795441211063365","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoarthritis is a prevalent degenerative disease affecting a large portion of the world’s aging population. Currently, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and acetaminophen are first-line medications for treating osteoarthritis patients’ pain. However, several studies have noted that while these medications control pain they do not halt progressive degeneration and tend to have an unfavorable side-effect profile with prolonged use. Recently, due to their more favorable side-effect profiles, herbal alternatives for controlling osteoarthritis symptoms and for alleviating the progression of the disease are being increasingly studied. Synogesic is a newly developed herbal supplement blend by renowned orthopedic surgeons and physiatrists consisting of turmeric, rutin, ginger root, vitamin C, vitamin D, and boswellia extracts. A study by Sharkey et al. has commented on the efficacy of the blend on the patients with knee osteoarthritis. So far, a review on the ingredients of the blend has not yet carried outbeen. By exploring prominent literature databases including PubMed and ScienceDirect, our aim is to write a narrative review to explore the individual ingredients of this blend and delve into their characteristics, as well as the most recent literature on their mechanism and efficacy in patients with osteoarthritis. Through this, we hope to inform clinicians and patients alike on relevant up-to-date research on the supplement and provide insight on the potential for this supplement for alleviating the disease course of patients with osteoarthritis.","PeriodicalId":10443,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91371726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Representation Rate and Management of Gout for Patients Discharged From Emergency Departments in Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District.","authors":"Aravinthan Loganathan,&nbsp;Arupam Raman,&nbsp;Natalia Berlinski,&nbsp;John Riordan","doi":"10.1177/11795441221097351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795441221097351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The estimated prevalence of gout in Western societies is 2.7% to 6.7%. In Australia, there have been increasing rates of hospitalisations for gout flares. Urate-lowering therapy (ULT) is effective in reducing urate burden, which can prevent gout flares and destructive arthropathy. This study assessed the representation rate of patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) with crystal arthropathy and the utilisation of ULT in the community for patients with a pre-existing history of gout.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review of electronic records of patients presenting to the ED from the Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District was performed. Patients included were coded as per the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases coding for crystal arthropathy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all, 18.8% of all crystal arthropathy encounters to the ED were repeat presentations. Of the 70% of patients with a history of gout, only 30.8% were on ULT.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Despite evidence-based recommendations for a 'treat-to-target' approach, most patients with a previous history of gout were not on ULT. One in five encounters were re-presentations for crystal arthropathy. Effective adherence to treatment guidelines may reduce the number of repeat encounters for gout flare in the ED.</p>","PeriodicalId":10443,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders","volume":"15 ","pages":"11795441221097351"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c4/a3/10.1177_11795441221097351.PMC9134409.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10244883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Osteoporosis Among Iranian Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"Tayebeh Eghbali, K. Abdi, Mahboubeh Nazari, E. Mohammadnejad, Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh","doi":"10.1177/11795441211072471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795441211072471","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease. It is considered the silent epidemic, with high prevalence after menopause, in the current time. Different studies conducted in Iran have reported different prevalence. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aims to estimate the overall prevalence of osteoporosis in Iranian postmenopausal women. Methods: The national scientific databases Scientific Information Database and MagIran and the international scientific databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for related articles without any time limitation. The keywords osteopenia, osteoporosis, post menopause, OP, bone mineral density, and Iran along with their combinations were used in the search. The inconsistency in the data was examined using I2 test. The data were analyzed using the meta-analysis method and the random-effects model in Stata software, version 14. Results: The analysis of 26 articles with a sample size of 6735 showed that the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in Iranian postmenopausal women is, respectively, 33.70% (95% CI [confidence interval]: 22.68-44.73) and 47.60% (95% CI: 32.88-62.32). The pooled prevalence of osteoporosis in the spine and in the femur bone was 31.99% and 15.93%, respectively. Also, the prevalence of osteopenia in the spine and in the femur bone was 22.48% and 39.88%, respectively. Conclusion: Osteoporosis and osteopenia are highly prevalent in Iranian postmenopausal women to the extent that one-third of women suffer from osteoporosis and nearly half of them suffer from osteopenia. It seems essential to teach a healthy lifestyle to these women to reduce the prevalence of these issues.","PeriodicalId":10443,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78667975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study of Periprosthetic Hip Infection Treated by one-stage Method Including Cases With Bone Graft Reconstruction","authors":"Ricardo Issler Unfried, L. F. Krause, Helen Minussi Cezimbra, L. Pacheco, João Alberto Larangeira, T. Ribeiro","doi":"10.1177/11795441221090344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795441221090344","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication that can affect hip arthroplasty. Its treatment is extremely difficult, and issues regarding the optimal treatment remain unanswered. This study intended to show the effectiveness of the one-stage treatment of PJI. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study performed from July 2014- August 2018. All patients with suspected PJI were included. Major and minor criteria developed by the International Consensus on Periprosthetic Joint Infection (ICPJI) was used to define infection. Laboratory tests and image exams were performed, and all patients were followed for at least 2 years. Outcomes: Success rate (2018 ICPJI definition to success) in treatment of PJI using one-stage revision method. Clinical and functional outcomes defined by Harris Hip Score (HHS). Results: Thirty-one patients were screened and 18 analyzed. 69.85 ± 9.76 years was the mean age. Mean follow-up time was 63.84 ± 18.55 months. Ten patients had acetabular defects and required bone graft reconstruction. Sixteen patients were classified as Tier 1, 1 as Tier 3D, and as 1 Tier 3E. Almost 90% of patients submitted to one-stage revision with acetabulum graft reconstruction were free of infection. The overall infection survival rate was 78.31±6.34 months. Candida albicans and sinus tract were statistically significant in univariate Cox’s analysis. The predictor of one-stage revision surgery failure that remained final Cox’s regression model was C. albicans (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.47). Conclusion: Treatment through one-stage revision surgery associated with 6 months of antimicrobial is a viable option with acceptable results even when bone graft reconstruction is necessary. C. albicans was a strong predictor of failure in this cohort.","PeriodicalId":10443,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75569126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on Quality of Life Among Individuals With Knee Osteoarthritis Living in Egypt","authors":"S. Samaan, Sara I. Taha","doi":"10.1177/11795441221097361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795441221097361","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Several studies have linked metabolic syndrome (MetS) to osteoarthritis (OA), but they have not looked into how MetS can affect the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of OA individuals. Objectives: We aimed to assess the association of MetS and its components, including obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia, with HRQOL among Egyptians with knee OA. Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised 116 adult Egyptian participants with knee OA. They were divided into 2 groups based on whether or not they had the MetS. All participants were subjected to a thorough medical history taking and a detailed medical examination. The Kellgren and Lawrence (K/L) scale evaluated OA in all individuals using anteroposterior knee radiographs. The Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) were used to assess participants’ HRQOL; their higher scores indicate more disability. Spearman rank and Pearson’s correlation analyses were used to assess the association between variables. Results: Diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity were significantly associated with the OA + MetS group with a prevalence of 77.6%, 82.8%, 77.6%, and 50.0%, respectively. According to the K/L scale, 70.7% of the OA + MetS group had grade IV knee affection. The HAQ-DI and WOMAC scores were significantly (P < .001) higher among the OA + MetS individuals compared with the OA individuals. Interleukin (IL)-6 serum levels were also significantly higher in the OA + MetS group (P = .036) and increased significantly with the more serious radiological damage and functional disability. We found significant positive correlations between HAQ-DI and WOMAC with waist circumference (P = .004, .001), as well as triglycerides (P = .006, .008), cholesterol (P = .041, .048), fasting blood sugar (P < .001, < .001) and significant negative correlations with high-density lipoprotein levels (P = .628, .002). Conclusions: Individuals with knee OA with MetS showed more significant radiological damage, severe functional disability, and poor HRQOL. They also had higher levels of IL-6, which correlated significantly with the degree of disability, promoting it as a significant therapeutic target.","PeriodicalId":10443,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84502708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problems to Consider Before Determining the Regimen of the Treatment for Juvenile Systemic Sclerosis Treatment: A Case Report Where Tocilizumab Monotherapy Succeeded Efficiently and Safely","authors":"M. Funauchi, K. Kinoshita","doi":"10.1177/11795441211066307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795441211066307","url":null,"abstract":"Juvenile systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare condition that results in various disorders, including growth retardation and learning disabilities in addition to impaired quality of life due to fibrosis and microvascular disorders in multiple organs. Recently, efficacies of immunosuppressants such as cyclophosphamide and mycophenolate mofetil, as well as biological agents, have been reported in adult patients with SSc. However, there has been no consensus in the treatment of juvenile SSc due to its rarity and the fact that skin sclerosis may be self-limiting in some patients. Here, we present a case of 13-year-onset SSc with growth retardation and learning disabilities, in addition to skin sclerosis, interstitial lung disease, and possible myocardial fibrosis that was successfully treated with tocilizumab monotherapy without remarkable adverse reactions. As careful case-by-case management of patient’s growth and education along with standard treatment is needed, the documentation of such case is important for the evaluation of the efficient and safe therapy for juvenile SSc.","PeriodicalId":10443,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders","volume":"5 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81552280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open-Label Pilot Study of a Single Intra-Articular Injection of Mannitol-Modified Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid (HANOX-M-XL) for the Treatment of the First Metatarsophalangeal Osteoarthritis (Hallux Rigidus): The REPAR Trial","authors":"L. Galois, J. Coillard, J. Porterie, S. Melac-Ducamp, T. Conrozier","doi":"10.1177/11795441211055882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795441211055882","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study was to obtain information on safety and short-term efficiency of a single intra-articular injection of mannitol-modified cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HANOX-M-XL) in patients with painful first metatarsophalangeal joint osteoarthritis (1stMTPJ-OA). Methods: The study involved an observational, single-arm, prospective multicentre trial, with a 3-month follow-up. Inclusion criteria were patients with symptomatic 1st MTPJ-OA not relieved by analgesics and / or non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory drugs and / or foot orthotic. All patients received a single, imaging-guided intra-articular (IA) injection of 1 mL of HANOX-M-XL in the 1st MTPJ. The primary outcome was the change in pain between the date of injection and month 3. The secondary outcomes were the patient assessment of effectiveness, the decrease in painkiller use and the influence of the radiographic score on the clinical efficacy. Results: Sixty-five participants (72.3% women, mean age = 60) were included in the trial. Coughlin-Shurnas radiological grade was 1 in 28 patients, 2 in 29, and 3 in 6. At baseline and month 3, the average pain (0-10) was 6.5 ± 1.8 and 2.8 ± 2.3, respectively. The change in pain score was highly significant (−3.1 ± 2.9; P < .0001). At baseline there was no statistically difference in pain between the radiological stages (P = .69). At endpoint, the average pain score was 2.0 ± 1.9 in x-ray stage 1, 3.1 ± 2.3 in stage 2 and 3.3 ± 2.4 in stage 3 (P = .001). Mild to moderate adverse reactions were reported by 15 patients. All were a transient increase of the hallux pain that occurred immediately and up to 6 hours after injection and resolved in 1 to 7 days. Conclusion: This pilot study suggests that a single IA injection of HANOX-M-XL is safe and mainly benefits patients with mild moderate 1st MTPJ-OA. Further randomized controlled trials are necessary to confirm these preliminary encouraging results.","PeriodicalId":10443,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88858206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intra-articular Hyaluronic Acid for Osteoarthritis of the Knee in the United States: A Systematic Review of Economic Evaluations.","authors":"Margaret Mordin,&nbsp;William Parrish,&nbsp;Catherine Masaquel,&nbsp;Brad Bisson,&nbsp;Catherine Copley-Merriman","doi":"10.1177/11795441211047284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795441211047284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The economic impact of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (IAHA) for the treatment of knee pain associated with osteoarthritis (OA) has been evaluated in the United States, but not systematically summarized.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We reviewed the literature to determine the economic impact of IAHA for pain associated with knee OA in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature review was performed in PubMed (including MEDLINE and MEDLINE In-Process), Embase, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database and was limited to English language human studies published from January 2000 to October 2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The literature search identified 215 unique abstracts; of these, 47 were selected for full-text review and 21 studies met the inclusion criteria. Intra-articular hyaluronic acid injections delayed progression to total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and repeated courses of treatment successfully delayed TKA by more than 5 years. Intra-articular hyaluronic acid was found to reduce the use of pain medications overall and reduce the number of patients receiving opioid prescriptions by 6% (<i>P</i> < .001). Several studies showed that IAHA is more cost-effective in treating pain associated with knee OA compared with conventional care with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), analgesics, and corticosteroids, and several authors concluded that IAHA should be the dominant treatment strategy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current studies suggest that IAHA may reduce the use of pain medications, such as NSAIDs and opioids, and impact time to TKA procedures, thus potentially decreasing overall treatment costs of knee OA over time. Furthermore, IAHA was determined to be cost-effective against NSAIDs, corticosteroids, analgesics, and conservative treatment. As the safety and efficacy of IAHA for knee OA have been well established, the findings from our literature review may be used to inform future economic evaluations.</p>","PeriodicalId":10443,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders","volume":"14 ","pages":"11795441211047284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/72/e1/10.1177_11795441211047284.PMC8619730.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39786288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}