Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology最新文献

{"title":"The Application of Single-cell RNA Sequencing Technology in the Research of Sino-Nasal Diseases.","authors":"Mingrui Pan, Zhuoran Jia, Min Zhou, Junhai Chen, Huijun Qiu, Xin Luo, Yana Zhang, Zhaohui Shi, Shuo Wu, Deyun Wang, Qintai Yang","doi":"10.1007/s12016-026-09145-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12016-026-09145-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revolutionized rhinology by enabling the high-resolution dissection of nasal pathophysiology at the genetic level. This article provides a comprehensive overview of scRNA-seq technology and discusses the progressive developments in its application for diagnosing diseases in rhinology, chiefly infective nasal diseases and chronic inflammatory states. It has been instrumental in identifying infection-related genes, linking cellular dynamics to clinical variables such as age and smoking, and deconvoluting complex diseases like chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and allergic rhinitis(AR) by defining key pathogenic cells (e.g., ALOX15+ macrophages) and novel pathways like glycolysis. The integration of scRNA-seq with spatial transcriptomics and multi-omics approaches is also discussed in this article, promising deeper insights into nasal biology and future therapeutic strategies, while current technological limitations are acknowledged.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147479887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Roles of Interleukin-18 in Inflammation and Autoimmune Disease.","authors":"Yue Zhao, Yuan Tang, Xiaoxia Zhu, Yunxia Hou, Hongbin Li, Francesco Ciccia, Hejian Zou, Liwei Lu","doi":"10.1007/s12016-026-09139-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12016-026-09139-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a member of the IL-1 cytokine family with significant homology to IL-1β. New emerging evidence indicates that IL-18 acts as a pivotal molecular bridge connecting innate and adaptive immunity, functioning through tightly regulated mechanisms involving inflammasome-dependent and -independent proteolytic processing. The activity of IL-18 is primarily maintained by IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP), which neutralizes IL-18 under physiological conditions. However, dysregulations in the IL-18/IL-18BP axis result in excessive IL-18 bioactivity, driving tissue inflammation and damage closely associated with autoimmune pathogenesis. Herein, we review recent advances in IL-18 biology and its expanding roles in the development of various autoimmune diseases. The molecular mechanisms by which IL-18 mediates organ-specific pathology are discussed to highlight its diverse effector functions across different autoimmune conditions. In addition, we evaluate emerging therapeutic approaches targeting the IL-18 pathway, with a focus on their potential and challenges in translational clinical research.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147466961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rising Tide of Crustacean Allergies in East Asia: a Comprehensive Review of Genetic Insights and Implications for Early Evaluation of Health Risks.","authors":"Shi-Tao Rao, Jian-Wei Jiang, Shuai Zhi, Jia-Han Que, Xin-Yu Han, Stephen Kwok-Wing Tsui, Guang-Ming Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12016-026-09134-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12016-026-09134-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amidst the exponential rise in crustacean production and consumption across East Asia, the population burden of crustacean allergies has intensified correspondingly. Therapeutic options remain limited, and contemporary risk stratification still relies predominantly on familial history, an approach whose predictive granularity is inadequate for precision public health. Converging evidence from twin and family cohorts indicates that crustacean allergies exhibit a high narrow-sense genetic heritability, underscoring the imperative to dissect its genomic architecture and to quantify downstream health sequelae. Here, we conducted a comprehensive review with an integrated methodological perspective, mainly synthesizing recent advances in the molecular genetics of crustacean allergies and delineating their translational ramifications for early-life risk prediction. This review primarily focused on the high prevalence of crustacean allergies in East Asia and the inadequacies of current early risk assessment systems, genetic loci associated with crustacean allergies and existing gaps in molecular genetic studies, the applications of polygenic risk scores in early risk assessment, and the evaluation of genetic causal effects of crustacean allergies on the risk of human common diseases. Leveraging two-sample Mendelian randomization anchored in large-scale East Asian genome-wide association study summary statistics, we demonstrated that genetically predicted shrimp allergy exerted significant causal effects on a spectrum of human common disorders spanning the respiratory, gastrointestinal, endocrine, musculoskeletal, nervous, cardiovascular, integumentary, and autoimmune systems. These findings underscored the necessity for comprehensive molecular genetic studies to develop an objective assessment framework that facilitates early identification of high-risk populations and evaluate their adverse effects on individual’s health, prioritizing precision immunomodulatory regimens targeting high-risk individuals before clinical manifestation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147372014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Untangling the Complexity of Childhood Atopic Dermatitis: Phenotypes and Endotypes.","authors":"Karolina Dumycz, Joanna Zygadło, Aleksandra Marzec, Piotr Strus, Marek Kulus, Milena Sokolowska, Carina Venter, Donald Y M Leung, Wojciech Feleszko","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09128-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12016-025-09128-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a highly prevalent, chronic inflammatory skin disease that predominantly begins in early childhood. Increasing evidence supports that pediatric AD is not a single entity, but rather a spectrum of overlapping phenotypes and endotypes, defined by clinical presentation, immune profile, genetics, ethnicity, and comorbid atopic conditions. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge on childhood AD heterogeneity, emphasizing severity, age of onset, allergen sensitization, allergic comorbidities, ethnicity, and disease trajectory. Phenotypic classification - based on clinical severity, lesion distribution, and disease course - offers valuable prognostic insight, particularly in relation to the risk of asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergy and eosinophilic esophagitis. Endotyping approaches, including transcriptomic, proteomic, lipidomics, metabolomics and cellular analyses, have revealed distinct immune signatures across age and ethnic groups, including Th2-predominant, Th17/Th22-skewed, or mixed inflammatory pathways. Ethnic-specific differences, such as Th17 activation in Asian populations or Th2/Th22 predominance in individuals of African ancestry, further underscore the need for tailored therapeutic strategies. The emergence of multiomics and clustering-based approaches has begun to identify molecular subgroups, although challenges remain in standardizing methods and validating findings across diverse cohorts. Importantly, the identification of biomarkers to predict disease trajectory and treatment response is a critical unmet need. Future research should prioritize longitudinal, multiethnic, and integrative studies to refine endotyping, enable early intervention, and guide precision medicine in pediatric AD. Understanding the dynamic interplay between genetics, immune dysregulation, and environment will be key to unlocking improved outcomes for children affected by this complex disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147324785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Patient-Reported Outcomes in Acute Attacks of Hereditary Angioedema: Insights from a Mixed Methods Study of Participants Receiving Standard-of-Care Treatments in a Real-World Setting.","authors":"Joan Mendivil, Li Zhu, Nicola Bonner, Elizabeth Gargon, Marie-Helene Jouvin, Linda Abetz-Webb, Hannah Fairbanks, Joel Sims, Jessica Middlehurst, Patrick Cronin, Maggie Chen, Danny M Cohn, Peng Lu, Marc A Riedl","doi":"10.1007/s12016-025-09132-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12016-025-09132-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare, genetic condition characterized by recurrent, unpredictable tissue swelling attacks. Using patient-reported outcome (PRO) instruments, we evaluated the patient experience of HAE attack manifestations and what constitutes a meaningful change in those manifestations to support development of key endpoints in clinical trials for on-demand treatment (ODT) of HAE attacks. This non-interventional, mixed methods study included participants with HAE in the United States. During the quantitative phase, participants completed electronic PRO assessments including Angioedema syMptom Rating scAle (AMRA) and Patient Global Impression of Severity (PGI-S) and Change (PGI-C) for ≥ 1 HAE attack in real time. A subset participated in a qualitative interview within 1–2 weeks of attack resolution. The quantitative phase included 35 participants (74.3% female; 85.7% White), 20 of whom participated in the qualitative phase. Data collected from 98 non-upper-airway attacks and 35 upper-airway attacks, including laryngeal attacks (total = 133), indicated associations between PGI-S/-C scores and AMRA composite scores, change from baseline (CFB), and percentage CFB. When comparing different definitions of time to onset of symptom relief, PGI-C had greater sensitivity in detecting early symptom relief yet remained comparable to AMRA symptom relief endpoints. Interviews confirmed most participants understood the PROs and considered them relevant. By characterizing the patient experience with approved ODTs on HAE manifestations using various PROs (AMRA, PGI-C/S), these mixed methods findings may inform the inclusion of suitable PRO instruments, and selection and hierarchical structuring of PRO-based clinical endpoints, in future trials of ODTs for HAE attacks.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12953491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147324819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Pollutants and Food Allergy: From Traditional Triggers to Emerging Hazards.","authors":"Qiang Shi, Xiang Gao, Shan Zhang, Yuhong Wu, Huan Wu, Haojie Luo, Yanhai Xie, Shuangyan Zheng, Yong Wu, Xin Li, Jinyan Gao, Jinlyu Sun, Zhongliang Wang, Hongbing Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12016-026-09142-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12016-026-09142-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food allergy (FA) is a serious public health concern characterized by a rising global prevalence. This rapid increase, observed largely within a single generation, coincides with escalating environmental pollution driven by industrialization and urbanization. While genetic factors play an important role in FA development, the rapid rise in prevalence cannot be attributed to genetic changes alone. Consequently, environmental factors, particularly environmental pollutants (EPs), are increasingly recognized as critical drivers in the development and progression of FA. The ubiquity of traditional EPs-such as traffic-related air pollutants, environmental tobacco smoke, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, heavy metals, pesticides, and antimicrobials-alongside emerging EPs (including nano-/micro-plastics, engineered nanomaterials, and novel chemical analogues) parallels trends in urban expansion. Although these EPs pose considerable health risks and are linked to allergic diseases, their specific roles in FA remain poorly understood. This review synthesizes current epidemiological evidence regarding the relationship between EPs exposure and FA. The findings reveal that while several EPs are associated with food sensitization, there is no clear evidence of a correlation between EPs and FA, as some studies find effects and some find no effects. At the molecular level, EPs appear to induce immune dysregulation, including Th2 polarization and oxidative stress, which collectively promote allergic inflammation. However, considerable heterogeneity across studies underscores the need for further research into investigating the correlation between both single- and multi-EPs exposures and FA outcome. Overall, this review provides an integrated overview of how EPs may influence FA risk, offering insights to support the development of preventive strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147316637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proposition for a New Classification of Hypersensitivity Reactions - an Expanded Nomenclature.","authors":"Andrea Szegedi, Werner J Pichler, Anikó Kapitány, Zsuzsanna Bata-Csörgő, Gábor Koncz, Attila Bácsi","doi":"10.1007/s12016-026-09143-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12016-026-09143-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diseases associated with hypersensitivity reactions (HRs) are extremely common and can affect the quality of life of millions of people, sometimes with life-threatening severity. In order to diagnose, treat, cure, or potentially prevent these diseases, clinicians and scientists need a better understanding of the entire immune process, from its initiation through the central mechanism to the effector phase. A new classification is needed, primarily because earlier classifications defined HRs almost exclusively by their effector mechanisms. However, outstanding achievements in immunological science over the past decades have revealed the critical, decision-making roles of initiation and central mechanisms in shaping the well-known effector phases. In addition, a crucially important group of HRs consists of small-molecule drug-induced reactions, which include both immunological and non-immunological pharmacological processes; therefore, the incorporation of these entities represents a key aspect of the revised classification. This review article provides a historical overview of the evolution of the main HR classifications, and proposes a new, expanded classification that (a) considers the initiation, central, and effector phases of HRs as interconnected, equally important processes; (b) highlights the role of peripheral barrier tissues in the breakdown of tolerance, thereby contributing to the development of HRs, and (c) distinguishes between classic and non-classic HRs (e.g., pharmacological interaction with immune receptors [p-i] reactions and pseudoallergies). Adoption of this new classification may expand the possibilities for developing preventive and causal therapies and help physicians appropriately interpret and thus effectively treat the heterogeneous phenotypes of hypersensitivity diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12946285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147289216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Atopic Comorbidities and Topical Steroids in Early Childhood Atopic Dermatitis: Are We Missing a Piece of the Puzzle?","authors":"Courtney A Chau, Sonya L Cyr, Ruchi Gupta, Peter Lio","doi":"10.1007/s12016-026-09144-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12016-026-09144-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12945879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147289186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision Medicine in Plant Food Allergy: a Systematic Review of Biomarkers Under a Clinical Approach.","authors":"M L Somoza, E Nuñez-Borque, I M Sánchez-Guerrero, O Uriel, E Marchan, M Belver, A Ruiz-Sánchez, R Jiménez-Saiz, M J Goikoetxea","doi":"10.1007/s12016-026-09136-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12016-026-09136-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant food allergy (FA) is a major global health problem, being peanut one of the most studied allergenic foods worldwide. Biomarkers (Bms) are essential tools for precision medicine, guiding diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment. However, evidence on their clinical applicability in plant FA remains limited and fragmented. Therefore, we aim to systematically review the Bms identified in plant FA related to several aspects of the pathology. This systematic review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted in three databases (PubMed, Web of Sciences and Cochrane Library) between July 2019 and July 2024. Articles were screened using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and categorized into five thematic sections: sensitization, tolerance, threshold, severity and follow-up treatment. Risk-of-bias and certainty of evidence were assessed using validated tools and the GRADE approach. From the 733 articles found, 71 studies met inclusion criteria and were selected for data extraction. A majority of them were high-quality publications and predominantly involved pediatric cohorts from Europe and North America. Peanut was the most studied food, followed by nuts and wheat, while fruits and seeds were rarely represented. Across all sections, most of the studies were related to severity and tolerance. Specific IgE to whole extracts or molecular components were the most frequent Bms, followed by skin prick test. Emerging Bms were identified, although they remain in early validation stages. Risk-of-bias and certainty of evidence were primarily moderate, reflecting the exploratory nature of most of the included studies. This review highlights the predominance of classical Bms and the promise of novel candidates for future clinical integration. However, research remains allergen-, age- and region-restricted, underscoring the need for multicenter studies, representative patient samples, and validation of emerging Bms to achieve globally applicable precision medicine in plant FA.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12935746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytoreduction is a Valid Option for Treatment and Prevention of Anaphylaxis in Systemic Mastocytosis: Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Toon Ieven, Inge Govaerts, Glynis Frans, Martijn Vandebotermet, Sebastiaan Tuyls, Alexander Wilmer, Rik Schrijvers, Peter Vandenberghe, Christine Breynaert","doi":"10.1007/s12016-026-09137-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12016-026-09137-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Systemic mastocytosis (SM) is a myeloproliferative disorder marked by accumulation of clonal mast cells (MC) and a 100-fold increased risk of potentially life-threatening anaphylaxis not fully preventable with antimediator treatments. Omalizumab can be effective but is off-label and variably available. The effect of cytoreductive treatments such as interferon-alpha, cladribine, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) on anaphylaxis in SM remains unclear. We present a patient with indolent systemic mastocytosis and recurrent life-threatening anaphylaxis despite maximum antimediator treatment and omalizumab who experienced immediate resolution of ongoing anaphylaxis upon initiation of midostaurin treatment. No anaphylaxis recurrence was observed during 25 months of follow-up on midostaurin. A literature review on cytoreduction and anaphylaxis retrieved 18 studies. Despite the limited quality of evidence, a clear trend towards reduction of anaphylaxis-like symptoms was seen across all agents and SM subtypes with resolution and/or improvement noted in 95% of cases with a prior history of anaphylaxis. Immediate resolution of ongoing anaphylaxis observed in our case and the literature suggest cytoreduction can be used for treatment of refractory anaphylaxis and prevention of recurrent anaphylaxis in SM. Further exploration of cytoreduction for these indications is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":10423,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146257591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}