Clinical Medicine Insights. Cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Perception of Nurses’ Work in Psychiatric Clinic","authors":"V. Daniel, K. Daniel","doi":"10.52845/cmi/2020v1i1a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52845/cmi/2020v1i1a5","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aims to determine the siege and related factors of nurses working in psychiatric clinics.\u0000Method: This study was conducted as a related description design. The sample of the study consisted of 204 nurses working in psychiatric clinics. The data was collected using questionnaires generated by researchers from literature and workplace psychological abuse scales. Descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) and chi-square independence test are used to determine whether there is a significant relationship between variables.\u0000Results: The conditions for more frequent siege behaviors are that nurses have graduate education, work at night, are dissatisfied with work methods and institutions, have been besieged before, and have an understanding of the number of legal persons and consulting services related to Go.\u0000Conclusion: The nursing service management department of the hospital should effectively organize the types of employment and develop strategies that can improve nurse satisfaction. It is believed that raising nurses’ awareness of siege will effectively reduce psychological violence in high-risk wards.","PeriodicalId":10419,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Cardiology","volume":"109 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89550026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Cardiovascular Disease.","authors":"Pankaj Mathur,&nbsp;Shweta Srivastava,&nbsp;Xiaowei Xu,&nbsp;Jawahar L Mehta","doi":"10.1177/1179546820927404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179546820927404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI)-based applications have found widespread applications in many fields of science, technology, and medicine. The use of enhanced computing power of machines in clinical medicine and diagnostics has been under exploration since the 1960s. More recently, with the advent of advances in computing, algorithms enabling machine learning, especially deep learning networks that mimic the human brain in function, there has been renewed interest to use them in clinical medicine. In cardiovascular medicine, AI-based systems have found new applications in cardiovascular imaging, cardiovascular risk prediction, and newer drug targets. This article aims to describe different AI applications including machine learning and deep learning and their applications in cardiovascular medicine. AI-based applications have enhanced our understanding of different phenotypes of heart failure and congenital heart disease. These applications have led to newer treatment strategies for different types of cardiovascular diseases, newer approach to cardiovascular drug therapy and postmarketing survey of prescription drugs. However, there are several challenges in the clinical use of AI-based applications and interpretation of the results including data privacy, poorly selected/outdated data, selection bias, and unintentional continuance of historical biases/stereotypes in the data which can lead to erroneous conclusions. Still, AI is a transformative technology and has immense potential in health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":10419,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Cardiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1179546820927404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1179546820927404","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38398594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness, Knowledge, and Utility of RCT Data vs RWE: Results From a Survey of US Cardiologists: Real-world Evidence in Clinical Decision Making.","authors":"Todd C Villines, Mark J Cziraky, Alpesh N Amin","doi":"10.1177/1179546820953410","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1179546820953410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Real-world evidence (RWE) provides a potential rich source of additional information to the body of data available from randomized clinical trials (RCTs), but there is a need to understand the strengths and limitations of RWE before it can be applied to clinical practice. To gain insight into current thinking in clinical decision making and utility of different data sources, a representative sampling of US cardiologists selected from the current, active Fellows of the American College of Cardiology (ACC) were surveyed to evaluate their perceptions of findings from RCTs and RWE studies and their application in clinical practice. The survey was conducted online via the ACC web portal between 12 July and 11 August 2017. Of the 548 active ACC Fellows invited as panel members, 173 completed the survey (32% response), most of whom were board certified in general cardiology (n = 119, 69%) or interventional cardiology (n = 40, 23%). The survey results indicated a wide range of familiarity with and utilization of RWE amongst cardiologists. Most cardiologists were familiar with RWE and considered RWE in clinical practice at least some of the time. However, a significant minority of survey respondents had rarely or never applied RWE learnings in their clinical practice, and many did not feel confident in the results of RWE other than registry data. These survey findings suggest that additional education on how to assess and interpret RWE could help physicians to integrate data and learnings from RCTs and RWE to best guide clinical decision making.</p>","PeriodicalId":10419,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Cardiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1179546820953410"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1179546820953410","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38398595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension: State of the Art and Therapeutic Strategies.","authors":"Dinesh K Kalra, Anvi Raina, Sumit Sohal","doi":"10.1177/1179546820953415","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1179546820953415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (nOH) is a subtype of orthostatic hypotension in which patients have impaired regulation of standing blood pressure due to autonomic dysfunction. Several primary and secondary causes of this disease exist. Patients may present with an array of symptoms making diagnosis difficult. This review article addresses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, causes, clinical features, and management of nOH. We highlight various pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches to treatment, and review the recent guidelines and our approach to nOH.</p>","PeriodicalId":10419,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Cardiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1179546820953415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ae/c5/10.1177_1179546820953415.PMC7466888.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38489487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of Inferior Lead Q-waveforms in diagnosing Ventricular Tachycardia.","authors":"Swathi Subramany,&nbsp;Ajoe John Kattoor,&nbsp;Swathi Kovelamudi,&nbsp;Subodh Devabhaktuni,&nbsp;Jawahar L Mehta,&nbsp;Srikanth Vallurupalli,&nbsp;Hakan Paydak,&nbsp;Naga Venkata K Pothineni","doi":"10.1177/1179546820953416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179546820953416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Electrocardiogram (ECG) differentiation of wide complex tachycardia (WCT) into ventricular tachycardia (VT) and supraventricular tachycardia with aberration (SVT-A) is often challenging.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine if the presence of Q-waveforms (QS, Qr, QRs) in the inferior leads (II, III, aVF) can differentiate VT from SVT-A in a WCT compared to Brugada algorithm. We studied 2 inferior lead criteria namely QWC-A where all the inferior leads had a similar Q wave pattern and QWC-B where only lead aVF had a Q-waveform.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 181 consecutive cases of WCT were identified, digitally separated into precordial leads and inferior leads and independently reviewed by 2 electrophysiologists. An electrocardiographic diagnosis of VT or SVT-A was assigned based on Brugada and inferior lead algorithms. Results were compared to the final clinical diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VT was the final clinical diagnosis in 24.9% of ECG cohort (45/181); 75.1% (136/181) were SVT-A. QWC-A and QWC-B had a high specificity (93.3% and 82.8%) and accuracy (78.2% and 71.0%), but low sensitivity (33.3% and 35.6%) in differentiating VT from SVT-A. The Brugada algorithm yielded a sensitivity of 82.2% and specificity of 68.4%. Area under the curve in ROC analysis was highest with Brugada algorithm (0.75, 95% CI 0.69-0.81) followed by QWC-A (0.63, 95% CI 0.56-0.70) and QWC-B (0.59, 95% CI 0.52-0.67).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>QWC-A and QWC-B criteria had poor sensitivity but high specificity in diagnosing VT in patients presenting with WCT. Further research combining this simple criterion with other newer diagnostic algorithms can potentially improve the accuracy of the overall diagnostic algorithm.</p>","PeriodicalId":10419,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Cardiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1179546820953416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1179546820953416","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38391479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coexisting Coronary and Carotid Artery Disease - Which Technique and in Which Order? Case Report and Review of Literature.","authors":"Sina Manthey,&nbsp;Jenna Spears,&nbsp;Sheldon Goldberg","doi":"10.1177/1179546820951797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179546820951797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coexisting carotid artery stenosis and coronary artery disease is common and there is currently no consensus in treatment guidelines on the timing, sequence and methods of revascularization. We report a case of a patient with symptomatic triple vessel coronary artery disease as well as asymptomatic severe right internal carotid artery stenosis. Our patient underwent myocardial revascularization first, because she presented with unstable angina and was asymptomatic neurologically. This article summarizes current literature about the approach to carotid and coronary artery revascularization and addresses the decision-making process regarding the timing and sequence of revascularization.</p>","PeriodicalId":10419,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Cardiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1179546820951797"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1179546820951797","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38376030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carotid Plaque Morphology is Similar in Patients with Reduced and Normal Renal Function.","authors":"Caroline Heijl, Fredrik Kahn, Andreas Edsfeldt, Christoffer Tengryd, Jan Nilsson, Isabel Goncalves","doi":"10.1177/1179546820951793","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1179546820951793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events such as stroke. However, it is still unclear if decreased kidney function is associated with a vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque phenotype. To explore if renal function was associated with carotid plaque vulnerability we analyzed carotid plaques obtained at surgery from the Carotid Plaque Imaging Project (CPIP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients were enrolled through the CPIP cohort. The indication for surgery was plaques with stenosis >70%, associated with ipsilateral symptoms or plaques with stenosis >80% not associated with symptoms. Transversal sections from the most stenotic plaque region were analyzed for connective tissue, calcium, lipids, macrophages, intraplaque hemorrhage, and smooth muscle cells. Homogenates were analyzed for collagen and elastin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Carotid endarterectomy specimens from 379 patients were obtained. The median GFR was 73 ml/min/1.73 m². Plaque characteristics showed no significant association with eGFR, neither when eGFR was divided in CKD groups nor when eGFR was handled as a continuous variable and adjusting for other known risk factors (ie, age, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The higher risk of cardiovascular disease such as stroke in CKD is not associated with increased plaque vulnerability and other factors have to be sought.</p>","PeriodicalId":10419,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Cardiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1179546820951793"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7450288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38376028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Observational Study Assessing Immediate Complete Versus Delayed Complete Revascularisation in Patients with Multi-Vessel Disease Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.","authors":"Krishnaraj Sinhji Rathod,&nbsp;Marco Spagnolo,&nbsp;Mark K Elliott,&nbsp;Anne-Marie Beirne,&nbsp;Elliot J Smith,&nbsp;Rajiv Amersey,&nbsp;Charles Knight,&nbsp;Roshan Weerackody,&nbsp;Andreas Baumbach,&nbsp;Anthony Mathur,&nbsp;Daniel A Jones","doi":"10.1177/1179546820951792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179546820951792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>More than half of the patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) have multi-vessel coronary artery disease. This is associated with worse outcomes compared with single vessel disease. Whilst evidence now exists to support complete revascularisation for bystander disease the optimal timing is still debated. This study aimed to compare clinical outcomes in patients with STEMI and multi-vessel disease who underwent complete revascularisation as inpatients in comparison to patients who had staged PCI as early outpatients.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>We conducted an observational cohort study consisting of 1522 patients who underwent primary PCI with multi-vessel disease from 2012 to 2019. Exclusions included patients with cardiogenic shock and previous CABG. Patients were split into 2 groups depending on whether they had complete revascularisation performed as inpatients or as staged PCI at later outpatient dates. The primary outcome of this study was major adverse cardiac events (consisting of myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularisation and all-cause mortality).834 (54.8%) patients underwent complete inpatient revascularisation and 688 patients (45.2%) had outpatient PCI (median 43 days post discharge). Of the inpatient group, 652 patients (78.2%) underwent complete revascularisation during the index procedure whilst 182 (21.8%) patients underwent inpatient bystander PCI in a second procedure. Overall, there were no significant differences between the groups with regards to their baseline or procedural characteristics. Over the follow-up period there was no significant difference in MACE between the cohorts (<i>P</i> = .62), which persisted after multivariate adjustment (HR 1.21 [95% CI 0.72-1.96]). Furthermore, in propensity-matched analysis there was no significant difference in outcome between the groups (HR: 0.86 95% CI: 0.75-1.25).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrated that the timing of bystander PCI after STEMI did not appear to have an effect on cardiovascular outcomes. We suggest that patients with multi-vessel disease can potentially be discharged promptly and undergo early outpatient bystander PCI. This could significantly reduce length of stay in hospital.</p>","PeriodicalId":10419,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Cardiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1179546820951792"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1179546820951792","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38368137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Staged Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Rotational Atherectomy or Bypass Surgery in Chronic Hemodialysis and Severely Calcified Left Main True Bifurcation Lesion: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Kazuhiro Dan, Akira Shinoda, Hector M Garcia-Garcia","doi":"10.1177/1179546820951798","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1179546820951798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous observational studies and meta-analyses reported that the optimal strategy of coronary revascularization (percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI] and bypass surgery) for anatomically complex coronary artery lesions in the chronic hemodialysis setting is still controversial because the long-term outcomes were superior with coronary artery bypass grafting, especially with regard to repeat revascularization; however, short-term mortality with PCI was significantly lower because it is less invasive. Moreover, no guidelines show a strategy for this setting. We report the case of a patient with chronic dialysis and calcified left main true bifurcation lesion who underwent staged PCI with rotational atherectomy and minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass for in-stent restenosis who died of non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":10419,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Cardiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1179546820951798"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/44/39/10.1177_1179546820951798.PMC7444146.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38366019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Noncardiac Chest Pain Truly Noncardiac?","authors":"Hiroki Teragawa,&nbsp;Chikage Oshita,&nbsp;Yuichi Orita","doi":"10.1177/1179546820918903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1179546820918903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many causes of noncardiac chest pain (NCCP) have been studied and gastroesophageal reflux disease is considered to be the major cause. However, studies have reported that treatment with a proton pump inhibitor does not effectively provide relief for NCCP-related symptoms, and these symptoms frequently recur. These findings suggest that patients with cardiac disease may be excluded completely from the NCCP group. Several examinations can be conducted to verify the presence of cardiac disease. Such examinations include the assessment of biochemical markers, rest and exercise electrocardiogram, echocardiography, cardiac computed tomography, stress myocardial perfusion imaging, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and coronary angiography (CAG). However, the presence of functional coronary artery diseases (CADs), such as vasospastic angina and/or microvascular angina, cannot be detected using these modalities. These functional CADs can be diagnosed by CAG with spasm-provocation testing and/or physiological coronary measurement. Thus, when a patient who is suspected of having NCCP takes a proton pump inhibitor and does not respond well, further examination-including assessment for possible functional CADs-may be needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":10419,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Cardiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1179546820918903"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1179546820918903","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38098600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}