2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS)最新文献

An RL Approach to Radio Resource Management in Heterogeneous Virtual RANs 异构虚拟局域网中无线电资源管理的RL方法

2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS) Pub Date : 2021-03-09 DOI: 10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415591

Sharda Tripathi, C. Puligheddu, C. Chiasserini

{"title":"An RL Approach to Radio Resource Management in Heterogeneous Virtual RANs","authors":"Sharda Tripathi, C. Puligheddu, C. Chiasserini","doi":"10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415591","url":null,"abstract":"5G networks are primarily designed to support a wide range of services characterized by diverse key performance indicators (KPIs). A fundamental component of 5G networks, and a pivotal factor to the fulfillment of the services KPIs, is the virtual radio access network (RAN), which allows high flexibility on the control of the radio link. However, to fully exploit the potentiality of virtual RANs in non-stationary environments, an efficient mapping of the rapidly varying context to radio control decisions is not only essential, but also challenging owing to the non-trivial interdependence of network and channel conditions. In this paper, we propose CAREM, an RL framework for dynamic radio resource allocation, which selects the best link and modulation and coding scheme (MCS) for packet transmission, so as to meet the KPI requirements in heterogeneous virtual RANs. To show its effectiveness in real-world conditions, we provide a proof-of-concept through actual testbed implementation. Experimental results demonstrate that CAREM enables an efficient radio resource allocation, for any of the considered time periodicity of the decision-making process.","PeriodicalId":103530,"journal":{"name":"2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128002921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

GRETEL: Graph-based Street Coverage Calculation for Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communication 基于图的车辆与基础设施通信的街道覆盖计算

2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS) Pub Date : 2021-03-09 DOI: 10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415594

Michael Niebisch, R. German, Anatoli Djanatliev

{"title":"GRETEL: Graph-based Street Coverage Calculation for Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communication","authors":"Michael Niebisch, R. German, Anatoli Djanatliev","doi":"10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415594","url":null,"abstract":"Connected vehicles will exchange large amounts of data with remote systems. This can include recent traffic information, search results, or software updates to the car. Data communications can, therefore, be expensive as currently all transmissions to and from the vehicles are done via mobile service providers. Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) offloading to home deployed Access Points (APs) for internet connectivity can be a more affordable option, as the use of the frequency spectrum is free of charge. While the technology is already widely deployed, the outdoor availability on the street is critical for the use in vehicles. To analyze the street coverage we have developed GRETEL, a GRaph-based streET covErage caLculation. GRETEL enables the analysis of Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communications by combining location data with signal measurements mapped to the relevant road topology. To test GRETEL's performance, we conducted test drives to measure WLAN beacon frames and identify receivable WLAN APs. We determine that more than 9 % of all APs in our data set are commercially available connection options. With GRETEL, we could determine that the subset of commercially available APs covers about 60 % of the street network. Therefore, we introduced a novel method for street coverage calculations called GRETEL and showed encouraging results for the use of commercially available WLAN APs for V2I communications.","PeriodicalId":103530,"journal":{"name":"2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131245350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

QLRan: Latency-Quality Tradeoffs and Task Offloading in Multi-node Next Generation RANs 下一代多节点局域网的延迟质量权衡与任务分流

2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS) Pub Date : 2021-03-09 DOI: 10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415574

Ayman Younis, Brian Qiu, D. Pompili

{"title":"QLRan: Latency-Quality Tradeoffs and Task Offloading in Multi-node Next Generation RANs","authors":"Ayman Younis, Brian Qiu, D. Pompili","doi":"10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415574","url":null,"abstract":"Next-Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) is an emerging paradigm that provides flexible distribution of cloud computing and radio capabilities at the edge of the wireless Radio Access Points (RAPs). Computation at the edge bridges the gap for roaming end users, enabling access to rich services and applications. In this paper, we propose a multi-edge node task offloading system, i.e., QLRan, a novel optimization solution for latency and quality tradeoff task allocation in NG-RANs. Considering constraints on service latency, quality loss, and edge capacity, the problem of joint task offloading, latency, and Quality Loss of Result (QLR) is formulated in order to minimize the User Equipment (UEs) task offloading utility, which is measured by a weighted sum of reductions in task completion time and QLR cost. The QLRan optimization problem is proved as a Mixed Integer Nonlinear Program (MINLP) problem, which is a NP-hard problem. To efficiently solve the QLRan optimization problem, we utilize Linear Programming (LP)-based approach that can be later solved by using convex optimization techniques. Additionally, a programmable NG-RAN testbed is presented where the Central Unit (CU), Distributed Unit (DU), and UE are virtualized using the OpenAirInterface (OAI) software platform to characterize the performance in terms of data input, memory usage, and average processing time with respect to QLR levels. Simulation results show that our algorithm performs significantly improves the network latency over different conflgurations.","PeriodicalId":103530,"journal":{"name":"2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125234268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Cooperative Localization for the Internet of Things 物联网协同定位

2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS) Pub Date : 2021-03-09 DOI: 10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415583

M. A. M. Marinho, A. Vinel, E. P. Freitas, S. A. Fernandez

引用次数: 1

WiFiMon: Combining Crowdsourced and Probe Measurements for Wi-Fi Performance Evaluation WiFiMon:结合众包和探针测量进行Wi-Fi性能评估

2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS) Pub Date : 2021-03-09 DOI: 10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415582

Nikos Kostopoulos, Sokol Gjeçi, K. Baumann, Pavle V. Vuletic, K. Stamos

{"title":"WiFiMon: Combining Crowdsourced and Probe Measurements for Wi-Fi Performance Evaluation","authors":"Nikos Kostopoulos, Sokol Gjeçi, K. Baumann, Pavle V. Vuletic, K. Stamos","doi":"10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415582","url":null,"abstract":"We present WiFiMon, a lightweight active monitoring open source system for Wi-Fi network performance evaluation and verification. Using an objective Quality of Experience (QoE) assessment approach, WiFiMon is capable of capturing Wi-Fi throughput as experienced by end users without requiring their intervention. This is possible via crowdsourced measurements that are automatically triggered when the end users visit websites preconfigured with WiFiMon technology. Crowdsourced results are combined with probe measurements collected from small form factor devices located at fixed points within the monitored network; this enables Wi-Fi administrators to reach stronger conclusions about the performance of their networks. When deployed in IEEE 802.1X networks, WiFiMon provides additional benefits, e.g. fine-grained performance analysis per access point, by integrating data from available RADIUS and DHCP logs, which are correlated with the crowdsourced and probe measurements. Our system capabilities are demonstrated based on WiFiMon pilots, which took place in recent events with several hundreds of participants (TNC19 Conference, GEANT Symposium 2020). We conclude that WiFiMon can effectively detect Wi-Fi performance fluctuations.","PeriodicalId":103530,"journal":{"name":"2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134539080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Enabling Opportunistic Low-cost Smart Cities By Using Tactical Edge Node Placement 通过使用战术边缘节点放置实现机会主义低成本智慧城市

2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS) Pub Date : 2021-03-09 DOI: 10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415579

Oluwashina Madamori, Esther Max-Onakpoya, Gregory D. Erhardt, C. Baker

{"title":"Enabling Opportunistic Low-cost Smart Cities By Using Tactical Edge Node Placement","authors":"Oluwashina Madamori, Esther Max-Onakpoya, Gregory D. Erhardt, C. Baker","doi":"10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415579","url":null,"abstract":"Smart city projects aim to enhance the management of city infrastructure by enabling government entities to monitor, control and maintain infrastructure efficiently through the deployment of Internet-of-things (IoT) devices. However, the financial burden associated with smart city projects is a detriment to prospective smart cities. A noteworthy factor that impacts the cost and sustainability of smart city projects is providing cellular Internet connectivity to IoT devices. In response to this problem, this paper explores the use of public transportation network nodes and mules, such as bus-stops as buses, to facilitate connectivity via device-to-device communication in order to reduce cellular connectivity costs within a smart city. The data mules convey non-urgent data from IoT devices to edge computing hardware, where data can be processed or sent to the cloud. Consequently, this paper focuses on edge node placement in smart cities that opportunistically leverage public transit networks for reducing reliance on and thus costs of cellular connectivity. We introduce an algorithm that selects a set of edge nodes that provides maximal sensor coverage and explore another that selects a set of edge nodes that provide minimal delivery delay within a budget. The algorithms are evaluated for two public transit network data-sets: Chapel Hill, North Carolina and Louisville, Kentucky. Results show that our algorithms consistently outperform edge node placement strategies that rely on traditional centrality metrics (betweenness and in-degree centrality) by over 77% reduction in coverage budget and over 20 minutes reduction in latency.","PeriodicalId":103530,"journal":{"name":"2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125269858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Impact of the MEC Location in Transport Networks on the Capacity of 5G to Support V2X Services 传输网络中MEC位置对5G支持V2X业务能力的影响

2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS) Pub Date : 2021-03-09 DOI: 10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415554

B. Coll-Perales, M. C. Lucas-Estañ, Chang-Heng Wang, J. Gozálvez, Takayuki Shimizu, S. Avedisov, M. Sepulcre, Takamasa Higuchi, B. Cheng, Akihiko Yamamuro, O. Altintas

{"title":"Impact of the MEC Location in Transport Networks on the Capacity of 5G to Support V2X Services","authors":"B. Coll-Perales, M. C. Lucas-Estañ, Chang-Heng Wang, J. Gozálvez, Takayuki Shimizu, S. Avedisov, M. Sepulcre, Takamasa Higuchi, B. Cheng, Akihiko Yamamuro, O. Altintas","doi":"10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415554","url":null,"abstract":"5G networks have been designed to support advanced and demanding services in critical verticals or industries such as connected and automated driving. Supporting advanced Vehicle to Everything (V2X) services may require installing Multi-access/Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) platforms that reduce the latency and the traffic load on the transport and core networks by deploying services and computing resources closer to the edge of networks. 3GPP and ETSI indicate that the MEC can be installed on the transport network at different locations between the base station and the core network. The specific MEC location has important technical and business implications. This has also strong implications on the dimensioning of the link capacity of the 5G transport network. In this context, this paper studies the link capacity demand that supporting advanced V2X services generate on the 5G transport network depending on the MEC location in the transport network. The paper considers gradual 5G deployments going from 5G Non-Stand-Alone (NSA) networks relying on the 4G Evolved Packet Core (EPC) network to 5G Stand-Alone (SA) deployments with a 5G Core Network. In addition, the paper evaluates the processing capabilities necessary to install V2X Application Servers (AS) at MEC nodes. The results show that it can be challenging for 5G NSA networks to support scaling V2X services, while 5G SA networks will require nonnegligible link capacities and significant MEC processing and computing power as MEC nodes are located closer to the core network and the vehicular traffic increases. These results call for careful dimensioning of the transport network and an optimized MEC location to support V2X services without starving other 5G services.","PeriodicalId":103530,"journal":{"name":"2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126757479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

A Critical Assessment of C-V2X Resource Allocation Scheme for Platooning Applications 面向队列应用的C-V2X资源分配方案关键评估

2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS) Pub Date : 2021-03-09 DOI: 10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415551

Michele Segata, Piermaria Arvani, R. Cigno

引用次数: 17

mmWave on the Road: Investigating the Weather Impact on 60 GHz V2X Communication Channels 毫米波在道路上:研究天气对60 GHz V2X通信信道的影响

2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS) Pub Date : 2021-03-09 DOI: 10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415572

Sigrid Dimce, Muhammad Sohaib Amjad, F. Dressler

引用次数: 6

Be aware of the capture effect: a measure of its contribution to BLE advertisements reception 注意捕捉效应:衡量其对BLE广告接收的贡献

2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS) Pub Date : 2021-03-09 DOI: 10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415538

Laudin Molina, Élisa Blanchard, C. Couturier, J. Bonnin

{"title":"Be aware of the capture effect: a measure of its contribution to BLE advertisements reception","authors":"Laudin Molina, Élisa Blanchard, C. Couturier, J. Bonnin","doi":"10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/WONS51326.2021.9415538","url":null,"abstract":"The Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) networks use three channels to broadcast advertisements. These advertisements and other BLE frames are subject to collisions. The collision probability increases as the number of devices increases. Nonetheless, because of the capture effect, receivers may correctly decode some of the frames involved in a collision. Recent studies proposed models and simulations for the BLE discovery process, showing the impact of the advertisement collisions as well as the importance of an appropriate selection of the parameters related to the discovery process. The impact of the capture effect in these studies is unclear. Here we report the impact of the capture effect on the BLE advertisements. In particular, we show that the capture effect systematically increases the advertisement reception rate. We establish upper and lower bounds to quantify the contribution of the capture effect to the packet delivery ratio in dense scenarios. We make measurements in a controlled environment (a Faraday box) to show the presence of the capture effect in networks with 2 to 14 advertisers. Empirical results show that for 14 devices the capture effect increases the advertisement delivery rate by 2.95 % on average, with a peak of 7.8 %. Using simulations to recreate dense scenarios (up to 1000 advertisers) we show that the capture effect can increase the packet delivery ratio by up to 25 %. Our results have implications in the performance analysis of the discovery process and provide insights for the design of BLE applications and protocols that leverage on BLE advertisements.","PeriodicalId":103530,"journal":{"name":"2021 16th Annual Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services Conference (WONS)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125540571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0