Circulatory shock最新文献_第6页

Effects of free radical scavengers, methylprednisolone, and ulinastatin on acute xanthine and xanthine oxidase-induced lung injury in rats. 自由基清除剂、甲基强的松龙和乌司他丁对大鼠急性黄嘌呤和黄嘌呤氧化酶诱导的肺损伤的影响。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-06-01

M Cai, R Ogawa

{"title":"Effects of free radical scavengers, methylprednisolone, and ulinastatin on acute xanthine and xanthine oxidase-induced lung injury in rats.","authors":"M Cai, R Ogawa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the role of free radicals, especially from activated neutrophils, in acute xanthine and xanthine oxidase-induced lung injury in rats. We evaluated the effects of intravenously administered intracellular and extracellular free radical scavengers (for O2-., H2O2, and .OH), methylprednisolone (MP), and Ulinastatin (UST, a protease inhibitor), on this animal model of lung injury. At 5 min prior to the intrabronchial injection of a mixture of xanthine (X, 100 nmol) and xanthine oxidase (XO, 1 unit) used to induce unilateral lung damage, rats were pretreated intravenously with superoxide dismutase (SOD, 40 mg/kg), SOD (40 mg/kg) plus catalase (CAT, 30 mg/kg), dimethylthiourea (DMTU, 500 mg/kg), N-2-mercaptopropionyl glycine (MPG, 20 mg/kg), MP, 30 mg/kg, and UST, 50,000 units/kg. Each scavenger was infused intravenously at one-half the initial dose for 20 min after intrabronchial injection; 3 hr later, we examined the wet/dry lung weight ratios and the levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) in lung tissue. Intrabronchial injection of the X/XO mixture markedly increased wet/dry lung weight ratios and lung tissue content of TBARS. Histopathologic changes were observed in the injected lung as well. Pretreatment with SOD + CAT, DMTU, and UST significantly reduced the increases in wet/dry lung weight ratios and lung tissue content of TBARS induced by the intrabronchial injection of the X/XO mixture. Our data suggest indirectly that free radicals (H2O2, .OH) and proteases from activated neutrophils may contribute, in part, to the lung damage induced by the O2-.-generating system of xanthine and xanthine oxidase.","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":"43 2","pages":"71-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18835265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beneficial effects of extracellular glutathione against endotoxin-induced liver injury during ischemia and reperfusion. 细胞外谷胱甘肽对缺血再灌注时内毒素诱导的肝损伤的有益作用。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-06-01

P Liu, M A Fisher, A Farhood, C W Smith, H Jaeschke

{"title":"Beneficial effects of extracellular glutathione against endotoxin-induced liver injury during ischemia and reperfusion.","authors":"P Liu, M A Fisher, A Farhood, C W Smith, H Jaeschke","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The potential beneficial effect of hepatocellular glutathione against inflammatory liver damage was investigated in a model of endotoxin-enhanced ischemia-reperfusion injury. Animals were subjected to 20 min of hepatic ischemia, followed by 4 hr of reperfusion. The injection of 0.5 mg/kg Salmonella enteritidis endotoxin potentiated liver injury and the postischemic oxidant stress, as indicated by increased plasma levels of glutathione disulfide. Depletion of hepatic glutathione levels by > 90% with phorone and inhibition of glutathione synthesis with buthionine sulfoximine further increased liver injury in this model, as indicated by enhancement of plasma alanine aminotransferase activities from 2,234 +/- 122 U/L to 4,024 +/- 282 U/L. Continuous infusion of a glutathione (GSH) solution in GSH-depleted animals (22 mumol/kg/hr) attenuated reperfusion injury by 55%. In vitro experiments demonstrated the capability of GSH to react rapidly with reactive oxygen species, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Only H2O2 oxidized GSH quantitatively to its disulfide; HOCl oxidized GSH to higher oxidation states. These data support the hypothesis that the enhanced release of hepatocellular GSH functions as a defense mechanism against reactive oxygen species generated by inflammatory cells during endotoxemia and reperfusion. This internal defense system of the liver may be of general importance in preventing, or at least limiting, liver damage by reactive oxygen generated in particular by Kupffer cells during their physiological function to remove gut-derived endotoxin and bacteria.","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":"43 2","pages":"64-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18833330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intrinsic pumping of mesenteric lymphatics is increased after hemorrhage in awake sheep. 清醒绵羊出血后肠系膜淋巴管的内在泵送增加。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-06-01

B R Boulanger, S J Lloyd, M Walker, M G Johnston

引用次数: 0

Role of oxyradicals in cardiovascular depression and cellular injury in hemorrhagic shock and reinfusion: effect of SOD and catalase. 氧自由基在失血性休克和再输液中心血管抑制和细胞损伤中的作用:SOD和过氧化氢酶的作用。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-06-01

R Kapoor, K Prasad

{"title":"Role of oxyradicals in cardiovascular depression and cellular injury in hemorrhagic shock and reinfusion: effect of SOD and catalase.","authors":"R Kapoor, K Prasad","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the effects of hemorrhagic shock and reinfusion on the cardiac function and contractility, plasma CK and CK-MB activity and lactate concentration, oxyradical-producing activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL-CL), cardiac chemiluminescence (LV-CL), antioxidant enzymatic activity [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)], and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in anesthetized dogs, to determine the role of oxyradicals in cardiac depression and cellular injury in hemorrhagic shock and reinfusion. The dogs were assigned to four groups: group I (sham), 4 hrs duration; group II, 4 hr of shock; group III, 2 hr of shock, followed by reinfusion for 2 hr; and group IV, as in group III, but pretreated with SOD and catalase. Hemorrhagic shock was produced by withdrawing blood to maintain the mean arterial pressure at 50 +/- 5 mm Hg. Cardiac function and contractility were depressed during hemorrhagic shock. Plasma CK; CK-MB and lactate; and cardiac MDA, Mn-SOD, and CuZn-SOD increased, while catalase activity decreased during shock. Following reinfusion after 2 hr of shock, hemodynamic parameters and plasma lactate tended to return toward control values. Plasma CK and CK-MB, PMNL-CL and cardiac MDA, total SOD, Mn- and CuZn-SOD increased further, while LV-CL and GSH-Px decreased. In spite of the increased antioxidant reserve, oxidative damage was noted. Pretreatment with SOD and catalase attenuated the deleterious effects of shock and reinfusion on the cardiovascular function, plasma CK, CK-MB, and lactate, PMNL-CL, cardiac MDA and SOD, and LV-CL. Protection was incomplete for cardiovascular function and plasma CK and CK-MB. These results suggest that oxyradicals (O2-, H2O2) may be partly involved in the deterioration of cardiovascular function and cellular injury during hemorrhagic shock and reinfusion.","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":"43 2","pages":"79-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18835266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lactate monitoring with subcutaneous microdialysis in patients with shock: a pilot study. 用皮下微透析监测休克患者的乳酸:一项初步研究。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-06-01

J de Boer, H Potthoff, P O Mulder, A S Dofferhoff, R J van Thiel, H Plijter-Groendijk, J Korf

{"title":"Lactate monitoring with subcutaneous microdialysis in patients with shock: a pilot study.","authors":"J de Boer, H Potthoff, P O Mulder, A S Dofferhoff, R J van Thiel, H Plijter-Groendijk, J Korf","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We describe the use of subcutaneous microdialysis for continuous sampling of lactate to monitor the plasma lactate concentration in eight patients with shock. The dialysate lactate concentrations were significantly correlated with the plasma lactate concentrations (r = 0.8229), but the linear regression lines varied between patients. Therefore, we used the individual regression line of each patient for calibration to calculate estimated plasma values from the dialysate concentrations. While the estimated values were linearly correlated to the plasma lactate values (r = 0.912), the 95% confidence interval of the estimated values was +/- 2.8 mmol/L. Thus, subcutaneous microdialysis does not allow accurate estimation of the plasma lactate concentration. In 3 of the 8 patients, there was a significant negative correlation between the dialysate/plasma lactate ratio and the plasma lactate concentration. This suggests that besides plasma lactate, other factors such as subcutaneous adipose tissue metabolism and blood flow, may influence subcutaneous sampling and dialysate lactate concentration as well. While microdialysis can be used for on-line sampling and continuous monitoring of the concentration of extracellular substances, for the purpose of plasma lactate monitoring, sampling probes should be designed that permit intravascular placement.","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":"43 2","pages":"57-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18833329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of pentoxifylline and somatostatin on tumour necrosis factor production by human pulmonary macrophages. 己酮茶碱和生长抑素对人肺巨噬细胞产生肿瘤坏死因子的影响。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-06-01

J L Balibrea, J Arias-Díaz, C García, E Vara

{"title":"Effect of pentoxifylline and somatostatin on tumour necrosis factor production by human pulmonary macrophages.","authors":"J L Balibrea, J Arias-Díaz, C García, E Vara","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Cytokines seem to act predominantly in a paracrine manner when producing their deleterious effects during sepsis. Therefore, local TNF alpha release by pulmonary macrophages would have a central role in the pathogenesis of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). By contrast, pentoxiphylline (PTXF) can reduce lung damage in septic animal models, and somatostatin (SS-14) has been shown to down-regulate TNF alpha-receptor expression in monocytes, suggesting an immunomodulatory action for this hormone. The aim of this work was to study the effect of PTXF and SS-14 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TNF alpha release by human pulmonary macrophages. Macrophages were obtained from multiple organ donor lungs. Donors with either a recent history of tobacco smoking, more than 72 hr of mechanical ventilation, or any radiological pulmonary infiltrate were not included in this study. After 1 hr of culture, LPS stimulated TNF alpha release in a dose-dependent manner (2.34 +/- 0.20 and 11.32 +/- 1.38 pg/microgram protein, P < 0.01, in response to 2.5 and 10 micrograms/ml LPS, respectively). This response was significantly inhibited by both PTXF, 100 micrograms/ml (0.24 +/- 0.07 vs. 2.43 +/- 0.20, P < 0.01, and 1.30 +/- 0.08 vs. 11.32 +/- 1.38, P < 0.01, pg/micrograms protein, 2.5 and 10 micrograms/ml LPS, respectively) and SS-14, 0.4 ng/ml (0.26 +/- 0.07 vs. 2.43 +/- 0.20, P < 0.01, and 0.60 +/- 0.19 vs. 11.32 +/- 1.38, P < 0.01, pg/micrograms protein, 2.5 and 10 micrograms/ml LPS, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":"43 2","pages":"51-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18833328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Altered mitochondrial redox responses in gram negative septic shock in primates. 灵长类动物革兰氏阴性感染性休克时线粒体氧化还原反应的改变。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-05-01

S G Simonson, K Welty-Wolf, Y T Huang, J A Griebel, M S Caplan, P J Fracica, C A Piantadosi

{"title":"Altered mitochondrial redox responses in gram negative septic shock in primates.","authors":"S G Simonson, K Welty-Wolf, Y T Huang, J A Griebel, M S Caplan, P J Fracica, C A Piantadosi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Gram negative sepsis causes changes in oxygen supply-demand relationships. We have used a primate model of hyperdynamic gram negative sepsis produced by intravenous infusion of Escherichia coli (E. coli) to evaluate sepsis-induced alterations in mitochondrial oxidation-reduction (redox) state in muscle in vivo. The redox state of cytochrome a,a3, the terminal member of the intramitochondrial respiratory chain, was assessed in the intact forearm by near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. The muscle NIR data were compared to routine measures of oxygen delivery (DO2) and oxygen consumption (VO2). After E. coli infusion and fluid resuscitation, DO2 and VO2 showed minimal changes through 24 hr of sepsis. In contrast, changes in cytochrome a,a3 redox state evaluated by NIR occurred within a few hours and were progressive. Mitochondrial functional responses were correlated with structural changes observed on serial muscle biopsies. Gross morphological changes in muscle mitochondria were present in some animals as early as 12 hr, and, in most animals, by 24 hr. The morphologic changes were consistent with decreases in oxidative capacity as suggested by NIR spectroscopy. The NIR data also suggest that two mechanisms are operating to explain abnormalities in oxygen metabolism and mitochondrial function in lethal sepsis. These mechanisms include an early defect in oxygen provision to mitochondria that is followed by a progressive loss in functional cytochrome a,a3 in the muscle.","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":"43 1","pages":"34-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18977414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tumor necrosis factor alpha regulation of immunoglobulin secretion in trauma patients. 肿瘤坏死因子α对创伤患者免疫球蛋白分泌的调节作用。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-05-01

J A Teodorczyk-Injeyan, M Cembrzynska-Nowak, S Lalani, S Rizoli, G Taylor

{"title":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha regulation of immunoglobulin secretion in trauma patients.","authors":"J A Teodorczyk-Injeyan, M Cembrzynska-Nowak, S Lalani, S Rizoli, G Taylor","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Major trauma-related immune dysfunction is observed at the time of augmented release of immunopathologic mediators. In the present study, T cell-dependent immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures from blunt trauma patients (N = 12, injury severity score (ISS) 27-50), was reduced by 30- > 90%. This coincided with significantly (P < 0.001-0.01) elevated secretion of the biologically active tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha). Modulation of the TNF alpha activity by anti-TNF alpha antibody (anti-TNF alpha Ab) led to dose-dependent alterations in IgG synthesis. IgG production increased (up to 300%) in cultures treated with 0.5-2 micrograms/ml of the antibody, where low levels of TNF alpha activity often persisted. However, immunoglobulin synthesis was eradicated in preparations exposed to higher concentrations (10 micrograms/ml) of anti-TNF alpha Ab and devoid of TNF alpha biological activity. The treatment with anti-TNF alpha Ab had no effect on mitogen- or alloantigen-induced PBMC proliferation. Thus, in severely traumatized patients, biological activities of endogenous TNF alpha may include modulation of T cell-dependent B lymphocyte function. Immunoregulatory potential of TNF alpha should, therefore, be considered in therapeutic strategies to abrogate its activity.","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":"43 1","pages":"26-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18977413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modulation of pyrogen-induced upregulation of endothelial cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) by interleukin-4: transcriptional mechanisms and CAM-shedding. 通过白细胞介素-4调节热原诱导的内皮细胞粘附分子(CAMs)的上调:转录机制和CAMs脱落。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-05-01

S Kapiotis, P Quehenberger, G Sengoelge, C Pärtan, R Eher, H Strobl, D Bevec, D Zapolska, I Schwarzinger, W Speiser

{"title":"Modulation of pyrogen-induced upregulation of endothelial cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) by interleukin-4: transcriptional mechanisms and CAM-shedding.","authors":"S Kapiotis, P Quehenberger, G Sengoelge, C Pärtan, R Eher, H Strobl, D Bevec, D Zapolska, I Schwarzinger, W Speiser","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The pyrogens interleukin 1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are known to increase endothelial cell (EC) adhesiveness for leukocytes by stimulating surface expression of various adhesion molecules. IL-4, a product of activated T-cells, was shown to affect pyrogen-mediated regulation of EC adhesion molecule surface expression. In the present study, we investigated the effect of IL-4 on pyrogen-induced upregulation of the cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) ICAM-1 (intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1), ELAM-1 (endothelial leucocyte adhesion molecule-1), and VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) in cultured human umbilical vein EC (HUVEC). Surface expression of adhesion molecules was quantified by flow cytometry, HUVEC mRNA content was estimated by Northern blot analysis, and ICAM-1 antigen in conditioned media was measured by ELISA. Incubation of HUVEC with IL-1 (100 U/ml), TNF (500 U/ml), and LPS (10 micrograms/ml) caused significant increase in ICAM-1, ELAM-1, and VCAM-1 surface expression; IL-1 caused about an eightfold increase in ICAM-1 expression, about a 13-fold increase in ELAM-1 surface expression, and about a fourfold increase in VCAM-1 expression. Coincubation of pyrogens with IL-4 (500 U/ml) differentially influenced their proadhesive effects on the HUVEC surface. In the presence of IL-4, IL-1-induced ICAM-1 upregulation was reduced, ELAM-1 upregulation was not significantly influenced by IL-4, and induction of VCAM-1 was enhanced by IL-4.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":"43 1","pages":"18-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18533700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Use of gastric intramucosal pH as a monitor during hemorrhagic shock. 失血性休克时胃粘膜内pH值监测的应用。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-05-01

J B Yee, S W McJames

引用次数: 0