Circulatory shock最新文献_第5页

Comparison of effects of margarite extract and recombinant human superoxide dismutase on paraquat-induced superoxide anion radicals in rat lung. 人造玛格丽特提取物和重组人超氧化物歧化酶对百草枯诱导的大鼠肺超氧阴离子自由基影响的比较。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-08-01

H Ogata, X X Luo, X Xu

{"title":"Comparison of effects of margarite extract and recombinant human superoxide dismutase on paraquat-induced superoxide anion radicals in rat lung.","authors":"H Ogata, X X Luo, X Xu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of medicinal margarite extract and recombinant human superoxide dismutase (r-h SOD) on acute paraquat intoxication were examined in the rat lung. Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats under pentobarbital anesthesia were randomly assigned to one of four groups receiving i.v. injection of physiological saline (control), i.v. injection of 70 mg/kg paraquat, or i.v. injection of either 50 mg/kg of margarite extract or 50,000 unit/kg of r-h SOD 10 minutes before and 1 and 2 hours after an equivalent paraquat administration. Examination of lung superoxide anion radicals (O2-.), lipid peroxides, and histopathological changes showed that paraquat significantly increased superoxide anion radicals (383% of control) reacted with CLA-phenyl. Both margarite extract and r-h SOD decreased superoxide anion radicals to 119% and 83% of control, respectively. Margarite extract, rather than r-h SOD, significantly alleviated the paraquat-induced infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages into the alveolar walls. There were no significant inter-group differences in lipid peroxides in the lung. Component analysis showed that margarite extract was rich in L- and D-arginine. The scavenging mechanism of margarite extract may be related to L-arginine but needs to be further verified in the future study.","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":"43 4","pages":"161-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18891975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex steroid hormones in circulatory shock, sepsis syndrome, and septic shock. 性类固醇激素在循环性休克、败血症综合征和感染性休克中的作用。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-08-01

F Fourrier, A Jallot, L Leclerc, M Jourdain, A Racadot, J L Chagnon, A Rime, C Chopin

{"title":"Sex steroid hormones in circulatory shock, sepsis syndrome, and septic shock.","authors":"F Fourrier, A Jallot, L Leclerc, M Jourdain, A Racadot, J L Chagnon, A Rime, C Chopin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Methods: Estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), FSH, and LH levels were daily measured during a ten day period in 50 critically ill patients (38 men, 12 post-menopausal women). Patients were separated into four groups: A) no circulatory failure, no sepsis, B) sepsis syndrome without circulatory failure, C) circulatory failure without sepsis syndrome, D) septic shock. Results of hormonal measurements were compared 1) among the 4 groups, 2) between male and female patients, 3) between septic and nonseptic patients. The potential for the infusion of the vasoactive drug dobutamine to induce sex hormonal changes was documented in ten additional septic shock patients by measuring cortisol, E1, and T at base-line and after dobutamine infusion. Changes in active renin and plasma renin activity (PRA) were used as indirect witness of the dobutamine-induced beta 2-stimulation.Results: A dramatic increase in E1 and E2 levels was observed in women of groups B and D, and only in male patients of group D. In the septic patients, estrogen levels peaked at days 1 and 2 and trended to normal from day 6 after the onset of sepsis, while FSH and LH decreased. No difference was found between survivors and non-survivors. Whatever the group, male patients had low T levels throughout the study. Dobutamine induced a significant increase in active renin levels and a decrease in the regression slope between renin and PRA. Cortisol levels remained normal. No significant change in E1 and T was observed after dobutamine.Conclusions: High estrogen levels were specifically observed in patients with sepsis and septic shock, either males or females. Decreased LH and FSH levels were consistent with the negative feed-back effect of high estrogen levels on pituitary secretion. Circulating T levels were decreased in all male patients. We found no correlation between sequential estrogen levels and outcome. These levels were not modified by a dobutamine-induced beta-2 stimulation.","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":"43 4","pages":"171-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18891977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of TNF-alpha in the development of autoimmunity and the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in NOD mice. tnf - α在NOD小鼠自身免疫发展和胰岛素依赖型糖尿病发病机制中的作用

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-08-01

X D Yang, H O McDevitt

引用次数: 0

Receptor-selective mutants of tumour necrosis factor in the therapy of cancer: preclinical studies. 肿瘤坏死因子受体选择性突变在癌症治疗中的应用:临床前研究。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-08-01

P Brouckaert, P Ameloot, A Cauwels, B Everaerdt, C Libert, N Takahashi, W Van Molle, W Fiers

{"title":"Receptor-selective mutants of tumour necrosis factor in the therapy of cancer: preclinical studies.","authors":"P Brouckaert, P Ameloot, A Cauwels, B Everaerdt, C Libert, N Takahashi, W Van Molle, W Fiers","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The use of TNF-mutants that are selective agonists of the TNF-R55 is one strategy that is being explored to broaden the therapeutic margin of TNF. Several problems still have to be overcome before they can be used in clinical trials. Regarding the sensitizing effect of some infections and some tumours, we identified IFN-gamma as a mediator in BCG- but not in tumour-induced sensitization. In both models, the vessel wall is most probably the key tissue as alpha-LFA-1 antibodies could protect against lethality. Studies in primates showed that an unexpected feature, namely, the longer half-life of such mutants, might interfere with this strategy. Recent observations also indicate that the mechanism of tolerance-induction, another way to separate antitumour and toxic effects of TNF, might reside in the functional ablation of the TNF-R75. Using IL-60/0 knockout mice, we could not find any causal role for IL-6 in TNF-mediated lethality, this in contrast to results obtained previously with neutralizing antibodies. Finally, we identified the acute phase protein alpha 1-acid glycoprotein as a protein with protective properties towards TNF-induced lethality and liver damage.","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":"43 4","pages":"185-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18891979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Monophosphoryl lipid A protects against endotoxic shock via inhibiting neutrophil infiltration and preventing disseminated intravascular coagulation. 单磷脂酰脂A通过抑制中性粒细胞浸润和防止弥散性血管内凝血来预防内源性休克。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-07-01

Z Yao, P A Foster, G J Gross

{"title":"Monophosphoryl lipid A protects against endotoxic shock via inhibiting neutrophil infiltration and preventing disseminated intravascular coagulation.","authors":"Z Yao, P A Foster, G J Gross","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The major objective of the present study was to determine the effects of a partial structure of the lipid A moiety of gram-negative lipopolysaccharide, monophosphoryl lipid A (MLA), on endotoxin-induced mortality and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in rats. A second objective was to examine the role of polymorphonuclear neutrophil invasion to visceral organs, including lung, liver, heart, and kidney in the pathogenesis of the compromised multiorgan function which occurs in endotoxic shock. Finally, a third aim was to determine if the potential protective effects of MLA might be mediated via inhibiting neutrophil invasion to various visceral organs. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (220-260 g) were fasted over night and used the following day. In control rats, endotoxin (S. abortus equi LPS, 15 mg/kg, i.v.) produced a 89% mortality at 48 hr following its administration, and gross pathological and laboratory signs of DIC at 3 hr after injection. The latter included increased serum fibrin(ogen) degradation products (FDP, 24.00 +/- 7.81 vs. 0 micrograms/ml, P < .05), prothrombin time (PT, 16.20 +/- 1.12 vs. 13.03 +/- 0.20 sec, P < .05), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT, 32.70 +/- 3.83 vs. 20.11 +/- 0.60 sec, P < .05), and decreased plasma fibrinogen (233.2 +/- 41.6 vs. 406.3 +/- 23.2 mg/dl, P < .05) as well as evidence of gross visceral hemorrhage. Pretreatment with MLA (5 mg/kg) for 24 hr produced a marked reduction in endotoxin-induced mortality at 48 hr (0% versus 89% in controls) and inhibited all of the manifestations of DIC produced by endotoxin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":"43 3","pages":"107-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18850221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human responses to bacterial endotoxin. 人体对细菌内毒素的反应。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-07-01

R Burrell

引用次数: 0

Ventricular dysfunction in norepinephrine-induced cardiomyopathy. 去甲肾上腺素诱发心肌病的心室功能障碍。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-07-01

F M Powers, R Pifarre, J X Thomas

{"title":"Ventricular dysfunction in norepinephrine-induced cardiomyopathy.","authors":"F M Powers, R Pifarre, J X Thomas","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiac dysfunction resulting from norepinephrine-induced cardiomyopathy has not been fully investigated. This study evaluates acute and chronic changes in systolic and diastolic function at three levels of norepinephrine (NE)-induced injury. Rabbits were infused with saline or 2, 4, or 6 micrograms/kg/min NE for 90 min. Ventricular function was assessed immediately after infusion or at 48 hr using the isolated non-ejecting heart preparation. Hearts were perfused at 10 ml/min/g with Krebs-Henseleit buffer. After baseline measurements, hearts were perfused with NE (10(-10) to 10(-7) M). Steady state left ventricular pressure (LVP), +dP/dt, and -dP/dt were recorded at baseline and each NE concentration. NE infusion acutely depressed baseline LV systolic function. Decreases in LVP and +dP/dt were inversely related to dose of infused NE. By 48 hr, LVP and +dP/dt improved slightly in all NE groups but improvement was significant only in hearts from rabbits infused with 4 micrograms NE. Systolic function of hearts from animals infused with 6 micrograms NE remained depressed. Diastolic (-dP/dt) function was impaired following NE infusion when compared to saline treated hearts and did not improve within 48 hr. Although baseline function is depressed, myopathic hearts increased ventricular function the same amount as normal hearts at 10(-7) M NE. These findings demonstrate a) impairment in LV systolic and diastolic function acutely after NE infusion, b) improvement in systolic function within 48 hr, c) ability to increase contractility in response to NE is not impaired, and d) recovery of systolic function precedes improvement in diastolic function.","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":"43 3","pages":"122-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18850223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Protective effects of a cyclic nitrone antioxidant in animal models of endotoxic shock and chronic bacteremia. 环硝酮抗氧化剂对内毒素休克和慢性菌血症动物模型的保护作用。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-07-01

J F French, C E Thomas, T R Downs, D F Ohlweiler, A A Carr, R C Dage

{"title":"Protective effects of a cyclic nitrone antioxidant in animal models of endotoxic shock and chronic bacteremia.","authors":"J F French, C E Thomas, T R Downs, D F Ohlweiler, A A Carr, R C Dage","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence of a role for oxygen-derived free radicals in the pathophysiology of endotoxic shock has been found in animal models. However, the importance of free radicals in chronic models of bacterial infection has not been examined. In this study a novel nitrone radical spin trap is described and its activity in animal models of endotoxic shock and chronic bacteremia were explored. MDL 101,002 is a cyclized variant of alpha-phenyl N-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN), an established spin trap. MDL 101,002 can react with free radicals to form persistent adducts as demonstrated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. This agent is about 10 times more potent than PBN as an in vitro antioxidant and scavenger of hydroxyl radicals. In a rat endotoxic shock model MDL 101,002 (3-30 mg/kg, i.p.) administered 30 min prior to endotoxin (30 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment reduced mortality in a dose-dependent manner. Peroxide-enhanced chemiluminescence in hepatic homogenates from endotoxin treated rats was elevated indicating that oxidative stress and antioxidant depletion was increased. Importantly, treatment with MDL 101,002 (30 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min prior to, and 120 min following endotoxin, minimized the increase in chemiluminescence. MDL 101,002 also reduced mortality in a model of chronic bacteremia employing implantation of infected fibrin clots into the peritoneal cavity of gentamicin-treated leukopenic rats. MDL 101,002 (2.5 mg/kg/hr) increased survival from 24% to 52% in these rats. These data are consistent with a role for free radicals in the pathophysiology of endotoxic shock and suggest free radicals are also important mediators in chronic models of sepsis.","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":"43 3","pages":"130-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18850224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nitric oxide mediates the blood flow response to intravenous adenosine in the rabbit. 一氧化氮介导兔对静脉注射腺苷的血流反应。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-07-01

L D McKie, B L Bass, B J Dunkin, J W Harmon

引用次数: 0

Renal interleukin-1 expression during endotoxemia and gram-negative septicemia in conscious rats. 清醒大鼠内毒素血症和革兰氏阴性败血症时肾白介素-1的表达。

Circulatory shock Pub Date : 1994-07-01

Z Laszik, T Nadasdy, L D Johnson, M R Lerner, D Brackett, F G Silva

{"title":"Renal interleukin-1 expression during endotoxemia and gram-negative septicemia in conscious rats.","authors":"Z Laszik, T Nadasdy, L D Johnson, M R Lerner, D Brackett, F G Silva","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Endotoxin-induced cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) are thought to contribute to the proinflammatory effects of endotoxin in gram-negative infections. Using a conscious rat model of sepsis, induced by intravenous challenge with LD95 doses of endotoxin (n = 24) or live Escherichia coli (E. coli) (n = 24), we examined frozen sections of kidney at various intervals for evidence of IL-1 alpha and TNF alpha expression. A transient glomerular endothelial IL-1 alpha expression was demonstrated at 30 and 90 min after initiation of the sepsis in both endotoxin and E. coli-treated animals using immunohistochemistry. The endothelial IL-1 alpha expression as determined by immunohistochemistry occurred at the same time as IL-1 alpha mRNA expression, as determined by Northern blot analysis. The glomerular endothelial IL-1 alpha expression coincided with a slight but significant increase in the number of the glomerular polymorphonuclear leukocytes as identified by naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase enzyme histochemical reaction. Glomerular endothelial IL-1 alpha expression was virtually absent by 180 and 360 min. No TNF alpha expression was detected in the renal tissues at any time interval. Neither alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase-positive nor acid phosphatase-positive monocytes/macrophages were identified in the glomeruli. Our findings provide direct in vivo evidence that the IL-1 alpha gene product is expressed locally in the kidney by glomerular endothelial cells in this septic rat model.","PeriodicalId":10280,"journal":{"name":"Circulatory shock","volume":"43 3","pages":"115-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18850222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0