Clinical and experimental immunology最新文献

{"title":"Identification of angiogenesis-related genes and molecular subtypes for psoriasis based on random forest algorithm.","authors":"Meng-Jie Zhang, Ting-Ting Xue, Xiao-Ya Fei, Ying Zhang, Ying Luo, Yi Ru, Jing-Si Jiang, Jian-Kun Song, Le Kuai, Yue Luo, Rui-Ping Wang, Bin Li","doi":"10.1093/cei/uxae052","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cei/uxae052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated recurrent skin disease causing systemic damage. Increased angiogenesis has been reported to participate in the progression of psoriasis. However, angiogenesis-related genes (ARGs) in psoriasis have not been systematically elucidated. Therefore, we aim to identify potential biomarkers and subtypes using two algorithmsr. Transcriptome sequencing data of patients with psoriasis were obtained, in which differentially expressed genes were assessed by principal component analysis. A diagnostic model was developed using random forest algorithm and validated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Subsequently, we performed consensus clustering to calculate angiogenesis-associated molecular subtypes of psoriasis. Additionally, a correlation analysis was conducted between ARGs and immune cell infiltration. Finally, validation of potential ARG genes was performed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). We identified 29 differentially expressed ARGs, including 13 increased and 16 decreased. Ten ARGs, CXCL8, ANG, EGF, HTATIP2, ANGPTL4, TNFSF12, RHOB, PML, FOXO4, and EMCN were subsequently sifted by the diagnostic model based on a random forest algorithm. Analysis of the ROC curve (area under the curve [AUC] = 1.0) indicated high diagnostic performance in internal validation. The correlation analysis suggested that CXCL8 has a high positive correlation with neutrophil (R =0.8, P < 0.0001) and interleukins pathway (R = 0.79, P < 0.0001). Furthermore, two ARG-mediated subtypes were obtained, indicating potential heterogeneity. Finally, the qRT-PCR demonstrated that the mRNA expression levels of CXCL8 and ANGPTL4 were elevated in psoriasis patients, with a reduced expression of EMCN observed. The current paper indicated potential ARG-related biomarkers of psoriasis, including CXCL8, ANGPTL4, and EMCN, with two molecular subtypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10268,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11482546/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141466586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An update on risk factors for relapse in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis.","authors":"Han Zhou, Wei Liang, Hongtu Hu, Zikang Liu, Fan Chu, Guohua Ding","doi":"10.1093/cei/uxae068","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cei/uxae068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ongoing therapeutic advances in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) have significantly reduced the risk of death in AAV, but 30%-50% of patients still relapse. Relapse is a major problem in these diseases, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. It is, therefore, necessary to find predictors of relapse at the end of the remission induction and maintenance phases in order to personalize treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10268,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11482500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141975236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating neutrophil extracellular trap-forming neutrophils in rheumatoid arthritis exacerbation are majority dual endothelin-1/signal peptide receptor+ subtype.","authors":"Andrew L Cross, Helen L Wright, Jacqueline Choi, Steven W Edwards, Nelson Ruiz-Opazo, Victoria L M Herrera","doi":"10.1093/cei/uxae072","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cei/uxae072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are associated with rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis and severity. Since homeostatic NET-forming neutrophils [NET+Ns] have beneficial roles in defense against pathogens, their distinction from pro-injury [NET+N] subtypes is important, especially if they are to be therapeutically targeted. Having identified circulating, pro-injury DEspR+CD11b+[NET+Ns] in patients with neutrophilic secondary tissue injury, we determined whether DEspR+[NET+Ns] are present in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) flares. Whole blood samples of patients with RA flares on maintenance therapy (n = 6) were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM) and immunofluorescence cytology followed by semi-automated quantitative confocal microscopy (qIFC). We assessed clinical parameters, levels of neutrophils and [NET+Ns], and plasma S100A8/A9. qIFC detected circulating DEspR+CD11b+neutrophils and [NET+Ns] in RA-flare patients but not healthy controls. DEspR+[NET+Ns] were positive for citrullinated histone H3 (citH3+), extruded DNA, decondensed but recognizable polymorphic nuclei, and [NET+N] doublet interactions in mostly non-ruptured NET-forming neutrophils. Circulating DNA+/DEspR+/CD11b+/citH3+microvesicles (netMVs) were observed. FCM detected increased %DEspR+CD11b+neutrophils and DEspR+ cell-cell doublets whose levels trended with DAS28 scores, as did plasma S100A8/A9 levels. This study identifies circulating DEspR+/CD11b+neutrophils and [NET+Ns] in RA-flare patients on maintenance therapy. Detection of circulating DEspR+citH3+[NET+Ns] and netMVs indicate a systemic neutrophilic source of citH3-antigen concordant with multi-joint RA pathogenesis. Increased S100A8/A9 alarmin levels are associated with cell injury and released upon NET-formation. As a ligand for TLR4, S100A8/A9 forms a positive feedback loop for TLR4-induced DEspR+neutrophils. These data identify DEspR+neutrophils and [NET+Ns] in RA pathogenesis as a potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":10268,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11482496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141896869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing distinct spatial proteogenomic technologies: opportunities, challenges, and key considerations.","authors":"Bram Verstappe, Charlotte L Scott","doi":"10.1093/cei/uxae077","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cei/uxae077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our ability to understand the cellular complexity of tissues has been revolutionized in recent years with significant advances in proteogenomic technologies including those enabling spatial analyses. This has led to numerous consortium efforts, such as the human cell atlas initiative which aims to profile all cells in the human body in healthy and diseased contexts. The availability of such information will subsequently lead to the identification of novel biomarkers of disease and of course therapeutic avenues. However, before such an atlas of any given healthy or diseased tissue can be generated, several factors should be considered including which specific techniques are optimal for the biological question at hand. In this review, we aim to highlight some of the considerations we believe to be important in the experimental design and analysis process, with the goal of helping to navigate the rapidly changing landscape of technologies available.</p>","PeriodicalId":10268,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11482502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141916226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inborn Errors of Immunity-related Immunological Mechanisms and Pharmacological Therapy Alternatives in Periodontitis.","authors":"Nadira Nabiyeva Çevik, Ezel Berker, Ilhan Tezcan, Deniz Cagdas","doi":"10.1093/cei/uxae089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cei/uxae089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Periodontitis is a frequent local inflammatory disease. The microbiota and repeated exposure to bacterial endotoxins triggers excessive inflammation through oral mucosal immunity, sometimes leading to a destructive effect on the supportive mucosal tissues around the teeth. Elimination of the pathogens and increasing the tolerance of the cellular immune response is crucial in addition to standard dental therapies like mechanical debridement. Based on our experience on immune-mediated diseases, especially primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs), we wrote this review to discuss the treatment alternatives for severe periodontal disease. Risk factors are malnutrition, vitamin deficiencies, smoking, systemic inherited and acquired immune-mediated diseases, infections, endocrinological diseases, and pharmacological agents may accompany periodontitis. The diagnosis and treatment of dietary deficiencies, as well as the addition of nutritional supplements, may aid in epithelial regeneration and immune system function. Recently, modifications to the therapeutic option for severe periodontitis have been made depending on the fact that the immune response against bacteria may modify the severity of periodontal inflammation. The anti-inflammatory therapies support or inhibit the host's immune response. The clinical approach to severe periodontitis should extend beyond classical therapies. There is a need for a diverse therapeutic strategy that supports the epithelial barrier, which is the crucial component of innate immunity against microbiota. Leukocytes are the main cellular component in periodontal inflammation. Anti-inflammatory therapeutic options directed at leukocytes, such as IL-17 and IL-23-targeted therapies, could be the candidates for the treatment of severe periodontitis. Therapy against other inflammatory cytokines, IL-1, IL-6, IL12, IL23, TNF-alpha, PGE2, and cytokine receptors, could also be used in periodontal inflammation control.</p>","PeriodicalId":10268,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protecting children and adults with primary antibody deficiencies against common and emergent pathogens and non-infectious complications.","authors":"Olaf Neth, Nizar Mahlaoui, Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles","doi":"10.1093/cei/uxae059","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cei/uxae059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prevention and treatment of infections are primary goals of treatment of children and adults with primary immune deficiencies due to decreased antibody production. Approaches to these goals include immunoglobulin replacement therapy, vaccination, and prophylactic treatment with antimicrobials. In this review, the infectious and non-infectious complications of antibody deficiencies will be discussed along with the limited number of studies that support the effective use of the available therapies and to drive the development of new therapies. Some illustrative case studies will be presented and the outlook for additional controlled clinical trials and potential for therapies driven by the underlying disease genetics will be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":10268,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11482499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased IFN-β indicates better survival in hepatocellular carcinoma treated with radiotherapy.","authors":"Yang Zhang, Weifeng Hong, Danxue Zheng, Zongjuan Li, Yong Hu, Yixing Chen, Ping Yang, Zhaochong Zeng, Shisuo Du","doi":"10.1093/cei/uxae075","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cei/uxae075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preclinical data suggest that type I interferon (IFN) responsiveness is essential for the antitumor effects of radiotherapy (RT). However, its clinical value remains unclear. This study aimed to explore this from a clinical perspective. In cohort 1, data from 152 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who received RT were analyzed. Blood samples were taken 1 day before and 2 weeks after RT. RT was found to increase serum levels of IFN-β (a subtype of IFN-I) in HCC patients (3.42 ± 1.57 to 5.51 ± 2.11 pg/ml, P < 0.01), particularly in those with favorable responses. Higher post-RT serum IFN-β levels (≥4.77 pg/ml) were associated with better progression-free survival (HR = 0.58, P < 0.01). Cohort 2 included 46 HCC patients, including 23 who underwent preoperative RT and 23 matched control HCC who received surgical resection without RT. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples were obtained. Neoadjuvant RT significantly increased IFN-β expression in tumor tissues compared to direct surgery (8.13% ± 5.19% to 15.10% ± 5.89%, P < 0.01). Higher post-RT IFN-β (>median) indicated better disease-free survival (P = 0.049). Additionally, increased CD11c+MHCII+CD141+ antigen-presenting cell subsets and CD103+CD39+CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were found in the higher IFN-β group (P = 0.02, P = 0.03), which may contribute to the favorable prognosis in higher IFN-β group. Collectively, these findings suggest that IFN-β response activated by radiation may serve as a prognostic biomarker for HCC patients undergoing RT.</p>","PeriodicalId":10268,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142055114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and clinical significance of anti-SSA antibody in the Chinese health screening population.","authors":"Yimeng Jia, Shuqi Luan, Sicheng Huang, Wen Zhang, Mengtao Li, Tengda Xu, Yunyun Fei","doi":"10.1093/cei/uxae073","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cei/uxae073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anti-Sjögren's syndrome type A (anti-SSA) antibodies are non-organ-specific autoantibodies highly prevalent in various autoimmune diseases. This study primarily investigated the prevalence of anti-SSA antibodies in the health screening population. Additionally, we explored the clinical features of the anti-SSA antibody-positive population and evaluated the development of connective tissue diseases (CTD) over the years in individuals with anti-SSA antibodies for whom follow-up was available. A total of, 64 045 individuals without a history of CTD from 2013 to 2022 who visited Peking Union Medical College Hospital for health screening were screened for autoimmune antibodies: 1.7% (1091/64 045) of the Chinese health screening population were positive for anti-SSA antibodies, with a prevalence of 0.9% (290/33 829) in men and 2.7% (801/30 216) in women. Compared with matched autoantibody-negative controls, anti-SSA antibody-positive individuals had higher levels of serological abnormalities, including erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) [10 (6-15) mm/h vs. 7 (4-12) mm/h, P < 0.0001], rheumatoid factor (RF) [7.15 (4.30-16.90) IU/ml vs. 5.00 (3.20-7.90) IU/ml, P < 0.0001], and immunoglobulin G [13.09 (11.20-15.45) g/L vs. 11.34 (9.85-13.18) g/L, P < 0.0001], and lower levels of white blood cells (WBC; 5.49 ± 1.50 × 109/L vs. 5.82 ± 1.49 × 109/L, P < 0.0001). Additionally, they had a higher proportion of coexisting thyroid autoantibodies, including anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab) (17.1% vs. 11.3%, P < 0.0001) and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (Tg-Ab) (17.8% vs. 11.0%, P < 0.0001). Among the 381 subjects who were anti-SSA positive and followed up for a median of 4.6 years, 146 (38.3%) individuals developed CTD, including 68 (17.8%) cases of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), 10 (2.6%) cases of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 5 (1.3%) cases of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 4 (1.0%) cases of secondary Sjögren's syndrome (sSS), and 59 (15.5%) cases of undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD). In all, 235 (61.7%) individuals did not develop CTD over a median time of 5.9 (2.9-8.1) years after the earliest autoantibody detection. Elevated ESR (>20 mm/h), RF positivity (>20 IU/ml), and female gender were identified as independent risk factors for CTD among the anti-SSA antibody-positive individuals. Anti-SSA antibodies were found in 17 among approximately 1000 individuals without a history of autoimmune diseases. Anti-SSA antibody-positive individuals are advised to periodically monitor thyroid function. Elevated ESR (>20 mm/h), female gender, and RF positivity may delineate a high-risk cohort for CTDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10268,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11482497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141970764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening and anti-angiogenesis activity of Chiloscyllium plagiosum anti-human VEGFR2 single-domain antibody.","authors":"Yanwen Guo, Ruiqi Wang, Yun Wang, Feijian Zheng, Jianqing Chen, Zhengbing Lyu, Chen Yuan, Lili Liu, Xiaofeng Jiang","doi":"10.1093/cei/uxae060","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cei/uxae060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, the incidence of malignant tumors is on the rise and searching for new treatments on it has become the research priority. Blocking the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor (VEGFR) is one of the treatment strategies that used in the development of specific anti-angiogenic drugs. The deficiencies in tissue penetration and affinity maturation become the weakness of these drugs in anti-tumors applications. The single heavy chain antibody found in Chiloscyllium plagiosum, which has a low molecular weight and superior tissue penetration of variable region (variable new antigen receptor, VNARs), was considered to have the high antigen-binding activity and stability. This type of antibody has a simple structure that can be prokaryoticaly expressed, which makes it easily to produce new antiangiogenic target drugs. Specific anti-IgNAR rabbit multiple antibodies have been used to assess the level of VNARs in sharks and have shown a significant enrichment of IgNAR after triple immunization. An anti-VEGFR2 phage library was used for the targeted VNARs screening, and five candidate VNARs sequences were subsequently obtained by phage screening, followed by combined screening with the transcriptome library, and analysis of conserved regions along with 3D modelling matched the VNAR profile. ELISA and cell-based assays showed that two of the VNARs, VNAR-A6, and VNAR-E3, had a superior antigen affinity and anti-angiogenic activity thereby being able to inhibit human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells proliferation and migration. The anti-VEGFR2 VNARs derived from the immunized C. plagiosum and screened by phage library, which provide the new research ideas and specific approaches for the development of new drugs. The anti-VEGFR2 VNARs are capable for blocking the VEGF-VEGFR pathway, which of these may contribute to expanding the use of anti-angiogenic drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10268,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11482501/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141726989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental pollutant 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol promotes the expression of oncostatin M to exacerbate airway allergic inflammation.","authors":"Lihua Mo, Xinxin Wang, Yun Liao, Yu Liu, Aifa Tang, Jing Li, Pingchang Yang","doi":"10.1093/cei/uxae078","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cei/uxae078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asthma exacerbation is a common clinical occurrence. The causal factors are not fully understood yet. Environmental pollution is linked to asthma exacerbation. The objective of this study is to elucidate the role of 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol (MNP), an environmental pollutant, in asthma exacerbation. In this study, an airway allergy mouse model was established with ovalbumin as a specific antigen with or without the presence of MNP. The results showed that, in a mouse model, the intensity of airway allergy was significantly increased by exposure to MNP. RNAseq results showed an increase in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated molecules and the Osm expression in airway epithelial cells of mice with airway allergy. Exposure of epithelial cells to MNP in culture induced the expression of oncostatin M (OSM) and ER stress associated molecules. The OSM receptor was expressed by macrophages. OSM could drive macrophages to produce tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Inhibition of PERK, one of the key molecules of ER stress, or depletion of OSM receptor in macrophages, could effectively attenuate the MNP/ovalbumin protocol induced airway allergy. To sum up, by promoting ER stress, environmental pollutant MNP can cause airway epithelial cells to produce OSM. The latter induces macrophages to produce TNF-α, which can exacerbate airway allergy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10268,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and experimental immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11482495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142079414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}