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Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders最新文献

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Eye Tracking as a Tool for Diagnosing Specific Learning Disabilities 眼动追踪作为诊断特殊学习障碍的工具
Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH008
A. Rizwana
{"title":"Eye Tracking as a Tool for Diagnosing Specific Learning Disabilities","authors":"A. Rizwana","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH008","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter intends to highlight the use of eye tracker, a tool that tracks eye movements, as a potential tool to aid diagnosis of specific learning disabilities along with psychometric tests. The issue of identifying and assessing children for specific learning disabilities is very difficult and crucial for the psychological, social, and personal wellbeing of the child growing into an adult. A common technique for diagnosing specific learning disabilities is the need of the hour. The eye is considered to be the window to the brain. Any differences in the eye movement can reflect disorders or diseases in the functional areas of cerebral cortex, brain stem, cerebellum, and other areas of the brain. The most important contribution of eye tracking research is it allows examination of different aspects of cognitive performance in moment-to-moment details on very simple tasks and infer the neurobiological basis of cognitive processes. Therefore, the chapter focuses on studies related to use of eye trackers as a futuristic technique in the diagnosis of specific learning disabilities.","PeriodicalId":102459,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131611443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Feeding and Swallowing Issues in Children With Neuro-Developmental Disorders 神经发育障碍儿童的喂养和吞咽问题
Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH003
S. Shabnam, S. Ravi, Swapna N.
{"title":"Feeding and Swallowing Issues in Children With Neuro-Developmental Disorders","authors":"S. Shabnam, S. Ravi, Swapna N.","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH003","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter highlights the feeding and swallowing issues seen in children with neuro-developmental disorders, types, and extent of the problem across different disorders; its relation with the neuro-development of the child; effect on the quality of life of the parents/caregivers along with the child, specifically in the Indian context. It also focuses on the importance of assessment, team approach, and review of available tests for the assessment of feeding and swallowing problems in these children. The chapter is also going to give a few insights into the challenges faced by speech-language pathologists during the assessment of the feeding and swallowing issues in these children in the Indian scenario. The chapter will also include a section on applications of ICF model to feeding and swallowing issues in children with neurodevelopmental disorders.","PeriodicalId":102459,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121369646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Application of Bio-Feedback in Neurodevelopmental Disorders 生物反馈在神经发育障碍中的应用
Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH011
S. Venkatesan, Hariharan Venkataraman
{"title":"Application of Bio-Feedback in Neurodevelopmental Disorders","authors":"S. Venkatesan, Hariharan Venkataraman","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH011","url":null,"abstract":"Biofeedback is a non-invasive process to electronically monitor normal automatic bodily function to acquire its voluntary control. Traditional medical models place the onus on the physician to “cure” the illness. Biofeedback places responsibility on the patient to gain self-control. Its application as evidence-based practice in neurodevelopmental disorders is a nascent, unexplored, and debated area of study. This chapter outlines the meaning, nature, types, protocols, procedure, practices, challenges, benefits, and limitations in its use. Its history is traced for efficacy vis-à-vis other treatments, and other issues like cost-effectiveness, certification of professionals, gadget-enabled, and computer-assisted variants. Studies have attempted, albeit with methodological limitations, to validate its utility for neurodevelopmental disorders without any definitive or conclusive evidence for or against its use given the inability to replicate results, control or exclude confounding factors, placebo effects, and/or bias. An agenda for prospective research is given.","PeriodicalId":102459,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125845049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Application of Advanced Hearing Aid Technology in Pediatric Hearing Aid Fitting 先进助听器技术在儿童助听器验配中的应用
Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH004
P. Prabhu
{"title":"Application of Advanced Hearing Aid Technology in Pediatric Hearing Aid Fitting","authors":"P. Prabhu","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH004","url":null,"abstract":"Pediatric hearing aid fitting has always been a challenge for an audiologist. There are lots of technological advances in the field of hearing aids which are yet to be verified and used in the pediatric population. The chapter focuses on reviewing the recent advancements in hearing aid technology which can benefit children with hearing impairment. It is attempted to determine the application of these technology in pediatric hearing aid fitting. The lack of translational research to provide empirical evidence in this area is highlighted. It is stressed in the chapter that audiologists should use their clinical knowledge and use appropriate verification methods to make appropriate recommendations in pediatric hearing aid fitting.","PeriodicalId":102459,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126004550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recent Advances and Neural Connectivity in Autism 自闭症的最新进展和神经连通性
Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH006
K. Srivastava, L. Singh
{"title":"Recent Advances and Neural Connectivity in Autism","authors":"K. Srivastava, L. Singh","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH006","url":null,"abstract":"The current chapter has reviewed the functional and structural brain connectivity in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Neuropathological studies of the cerebral cortex in autism indicate abnormalities of synaptic and columnar structure and of neuronal migration. The MRI morphometry in young children with autism reveals excessive volume of cerebrum or cerebral white matter or increased total brain volume. The absence of such a volume difference in adults suggests that early hyperplasia in autism is followed by a plateau during which brain growth in normal subjects catches up. The developmental course of brain connectivity and the categorization potential of different connectivity process are important topics that are investigated by different studies. Finally, several studies contribute to a better understanding of the links between cellular abnormalities in the autistic cortex (both cerebral and cerebellar) and disturbances in network connectivity.","PeriodicalId":102459,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126053936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Auditory Profile of Children With Some Rare Neurodevelopmental Disorders 一些罕见神经发育障碍儿童的听觉特征
Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH002
Saransh Jain, V. Narne
{"title":"Auditory Profile of Children With Some Rare Neurodevelopmental Disorders","authors":"Saransh Jain, V. Narne","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH002","url":null,"abstract":"Neurodevelopmental disorder is an umbrella term comprising many muscular, skeletal, metabolic, endocrinal, systemic, and immune-related diseases, which are caused due to the improper/inaccurate development of the central nervous system. Most of these disorders are highly prevalent, but some express rarely in human beings. Such disorders with least prevalence rates are known as rare neurodevelopmental disorders. The sensory system is affected in all individuals with these rare neurodevelopmental disorders, although to a varying extent. Sensory processing in terms of hearing loss is reported by many researchers in many rare neurodevelopmental disorders, but the pathophysiology of audiological findings are seldom investigated. In this chapter, the authors highlight the possible relationship between underlying cause and the resultant audiological symptoms in some of the rare neurodevelopmental disorders. Further, the research studies on the audiological profiling in such disorders are discussed.","PeriodicalId":102459,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116950316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Neurodevelopmental Disorders From a Clinical Linguistics Perspective 从临床语言学的角度看神经发育障碍
Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH005
B. Priyadarshi, B. V. Mahesh
{"title":"Neurodevelopmental Disorders From a Clinical Linguistics Perspective","authors":"B. Priyadarshi, B. V. Mahesh","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH005","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter attempts at bringing out an overview of linguistic-based deficits in neurodevelopmental disordered (NDD) population. Clinical linguistics as a discipline has provided a different dimension to view each patient as a distinctive case and has brought out the utilization of comprehensive depiction of individual skill patterns and deficits. As the NDDs are heterogeneous in nature, understanding their language deficits using achievement tests might not provide a clear description of these disorders. Hence, controlled experimental investigations using varied methodological designs could help in tapping their common linguistic variations which may augment key professionals to better identify, assess, and rehabilitate these individuals. While appreciating all these factors, the chapter provides first-hand information on some of the neuro-developmental disorders and also the language-based diagnostic markers to identify them.","PeriodicalId":102459,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130505492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Autism and Diet 自闭症与饮食
Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH010
K. Srivastava
{"title":"Autism and Diet","authors":"K. Srivastava","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH010","url":null,"abstract":"The parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often try alternative treatments to reduce their children's symptoms, and one of the alternatives is a specialized diet. This diet is called gluten-free casein-free or GFCF diet. The GFCF diet has grown popular over the years. These children may be sensitive to the taste, smell, color, and texture of foods. They may limit or totally avoid some foods and even whole food groups. They may have difficulty focusing on one task for an extended period of time. It may be hard for a child to sit down and eat a meal from start to finish. The chapter highlights the impact of maternal nutrition, nutritional deficiencies, and GFCF diet in ASD.","PeriodicalId":102459,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123203585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Analysis of Themes and Issues in Neurodevelopmental Disorders 神经发育障碍的主题和问题分析
Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH001
S. Venkatesan
{"title":"Analysis of Themes and Issues in Neurodevelopmental Disorders","authors":"S. Venkatesan","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH001","url":null,"abstract":"The study of neurodevelopmental disorders is beset with many issues and pitfalls. If its types are attempted to be explained at the molar developmental, environmental, and behavioral level, there is another explanation at the molecular brain or genetic level. The clinician can stumble into an error at any level while addressing these conditions. The origins and history of the neurodevelopmental model are followed in this chapter by sections on classification, theories, nature, types, and misperceptions. A lifespan approach, use of clinical reasoning, and decision making to sift critical signals from considerable noise during diagnosis are cautioned. The fears of making no diagnosis, patient's perspective, evidence-based practice, and static versus dynamic diagnosis, cultural practices, and other related issues in Indian scene are addressed. Ongoing and unexplored areas like use of animal models, delay versus difference approach, and contemporary parenting practices are explained with a status report on available treatments and engagements to be undertaken in future.","PeriodicalId":102459,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":"586 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116541224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Eye Tracker 眼动跟踪
Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH007
Tanu Wadhera, D. Kakkar
{"title":"Eye Tracker","authors":"Tanu Wadhera, D. Kakkar","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.CH007","url":null,"abstract":"The high prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has provided a spectrum of diagnostic methodologies ranging from screening scales to technological techniques. The technology-based techniques, especially eye trackers, are shifting the traditional subjective approaches to objective, leading to early ASD screening and intervention. The eye gaze deficits marked by eye trackers are the valid biomarkers of ASD, but the trackers are not clinically available. Another reason for non-availability is the limited number of methodologies which can meaningfully analyze gaze data. The assistance of new technologies into eye tracker system explored here can (1) detect gaze patterns and cognitive abilities of individuals at the single platform and (2) analyze eye movements and events automatically using deep learning system rather than manual interpretation of raw data. These types of systems, if implemented, have the potential to assist clinicians for better ASD diagnosis and intervention approaches.","PeriodicalId":102459,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124131651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
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