Civil Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"Eco-friendly 3D Printing Mortar with Low Cement Content: Investigation on Printability and Mechanical Properties","authors":"P. Sukontasukkul, Sila Komkham, Sittisak Jamnam, Hexin Zhang, Kazunori Fujikake, A. Puttiwongrak, C. Hansapinyo","doi":"10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-010","url":null,"abstract":"The conventional approach to achieving optimal printability and buildability in 3D printing mortar relies heavily on cement, which is both costly and environmentally detrimental due to substantial carbon emissions from its production. This study aims to mitigate these issues by investigating the viability of slag as a partial substitute for cement, with the goal of developing an eco-friendly alternative. The newly formulated mortar, featuring a 30% reduction in cement content (from 830 to 581 kg/m3) and the inclusion of 0.10% micro-fibers, exhibits properties comparable to conventional 3D printing mortar. The research is structured into two parts: Part 1 focuses on determining the optimal fiber content, while Part 2 delves into the investigation of fiber-reinforced mortar with reduced cement content for 3D printing. Criteria were established to ensure mortar flow at 115%, initial printable time below 60 minutes, and 7-day compressive strength exceeding 28 MPa. Part 1 results indicate that a fiber content of 0.1% by volume meets the specified requirements. In Part 2, it was observed that increasing the slag replacement percentage extended the initial printable time and time gap. However, even at a 30% replacement rate, the initial printable time remained within the acceptable range, partially attributed to the presence of fibers in the mix. Additionally, higher slag content led to increased flow and reduced filament height in the mixes. Notably, all formulations surpassed the 7-day compressive strength threshold. These findings underscore the potential of slag as a sustainable alternative to cement in 3D printing fiber-reinforced mortar, offering promising prospects for environmentally friendly construction practices. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-03-010 Full Text: PDF","PeriodicalId":10233,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140268691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Ground Penetrating Radar for Pyrite Swelling Detection in Soils","authors":"Nabil KhoderAgha, Gabriel Assaf","doi":"10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-05","url":null,"abstract":"Pyrite swelling in soils below buildings is a major issue. It leads to severe deformations in floor foundations. A survey is carried out at a selected site in the city of Laval, Quebec, to assess the usefulness of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) to detect deformations that may be indicative of the presence of pyrite. Four soil samples are taken from the aforementioned site to determine the soil type below the concrete slab. The results indicate the presence of limestone, moor clay, and shale sediments, which are prone to pyrite swelling. The GPR data were collected using the GSSI SIR 4000 with a high frequency antenna and processed using RADAN software. The GPR data indicate the presence of severe deformation in many locations of the concrete slab. The most important wave reflections indicative of pyrite swelling are the rebar reflections, showing interesting pushed-up and dropped-down reflections. These reflections appear in two forms. The first is the attenuated reflections that may occur due to pyrite-rich materials. The second is the high amplitude reflections that occur because of the air void, which can be formed due to heaving the concrete slab because of pyrite swelling. As a result, GPR appears to be an effective method for assessing and mapping the effect of pyrite swelling below concrete slabs. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-03-05 Full Text: PDF","PeriodicalId":10233,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140269295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and ANN Analysis of Shearing Rate Effects on Coarse Sand Crushing","authors":"Samer R. Rabab’ah, Omar H. Al Hattamleh, Ahmad N. Tarawneh, Hussien H. Aldeeky","doi":"10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-011","url":null,"abstract":"The present study analyzes laboratory experiments on how shearing rate affects the shear strength and crushability of natural coarse sand, employing artificial neural network (ANN) analysis. This study tested three different coarse sands obtained from the crushing of natural rocks: Black Virgin Tuff, weathered Zeolitic Tuff, and calcareous limestone. The behavior of crushed sand specimens with consistent grading, which passed through sieve #4 and were retained on sieve #8, was analyzed using a direct shear box. The specimens were subjected to varied normal loads and shearing speeds to examine their behavior at different relative densities. The test results were analyzed using ANN to investigate the significance of shearing rates on shearing strength parameters, specifically internal mobilized peak friction, the constant volume (residual) internal friction angle, and the consequence of shearing rate on the particle's breakage index. The selected normal (Gaussian) rate significantly affected both the shear strength parameters and breakage. The loading rate increased both shear strength parameters and particle breakage. Therefore, it's highly recommended to maintain secure sets of shear strength values and comprehensive test data for assessing parameters at typical strain rates, prioritizing using slower rates whenever possible. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-03-011 Full Text: PDF","PeriodicalId":10233,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140277619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement Model for Determining the Disparity Factors of Intercity Railway Transportation","authors":"Kestsirin Theerathitichaipa, Panuwat Wisutwattanasak, Chinnakrit Banyong, Manlika Seefong, Sajjakaj Jomnonkwao, Thanapong Champahom, V. Ratanavaraha, R. Kasemsri","doi":"10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-01","url":null,"abstract":"Countries that are still developing experience significant disparities in access to railway services, as these nations also grapple with societal inequality issues that remain unaddressed. In developed countries, railway transportation systems serve as the primary mode of transportation for both passengers and goods. However, in recent years, studies on disparities in developed countries have increased, while literature concerning developing countries remains scarce. Therefore, this study takes place in Thailand, a developing country facing significant population disparities. The objective is to examine factors contributing to these disparities in access to railway transportation systems across cities, using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to identify user disparities. The sample group comprises 1,252 randomly selected railway users from various regions in Thailand, obtained through Stratified Random Sampling. The results reveal seven dimensions of disparities: cultural, spatial, societal, political, knowledge-based, economic, and environmental. The CFA results also highlight cultural disparities as a significant factor in explaining access disparities among railway users. These findings can inform relevant organizations, aiding them in better understanding the actual needs of railway users and aligning railway development plans accordingly. Ultimately, this contributes to policy development aimed at reducing access disparities and fostering a more equitable society. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-03-01 Full Text: PDF","PeriodicalId":10233,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140272404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Groundwater Quality Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis and Groundwater Quality Index","authors":"Nguyen Quoc Pham, Giao Thanh Nguyen","doi":"10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-03","url":null,"abstract":"Under pressure from surface water pollution and climate change, groundwater becomes a critical water source. Information on groundwater quality could contribute to effective groundwater management. This study was carried out to utilize multivariate statistical analysis and the groundwater quality index (GWQI) to evaluate groundwater quality in Ca Mau Province, Vietnam. Twenty-five groundwater samples from residential-urban areas, cemetery areas, landfill areas, and saline intrusion areas were collected for this study. Groundwater quality was evaluated using the National Technical Regulation on Groundwater Quality (QCVN 09-MT:2015/BTNMT) and GWQI. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify potential polluting sources and key variables influencing groundwater quality. Cluster analysis (CA) was applied to cluster groundwater quality, and the sites were recommended for future monitoring. The results revealed that NH4+-N contaminated groundwater in the landfill area, while the saline intrusion area was polluted by TDS and NH4+-N. The groundwater quality classified as excellent, good, poor, and very poor accounted for 44, 40%, 12%, and 4%, respectively. Cluster analysis divided groundwater quality into four groups, mainly based on the presence of NH4+-N and TDS. Nine groundwater sampling locations could be removed from the current groundwater quality program but still ensuring representativeness as a result of CA. PCA proposed two main sources of variation in groundwater quality at each residential-urban area: the cemetery area, the landfilling area, and the saline intrusion area. The groundwater parameters (i.e., pH, TDS, permanganate index, NH4+-N, NO3--N, and Fe) should be continued to monitor. Domestic and industrial wastewater discharge, leachate from cemeteries and landfills, the nature of groundwater aquifers, and seawater intrusion could be potential sources of groundwater variation. The current findings provide scientific information for local environmental authorities to manage and monitor groundwater quality in the study area. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-03-03 Full Text: PDF","PeriodicalId":10233,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140281120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Buckling Analysis of Ductile Damage Evolution for Thin Shell With Lemaitre’s Model","authors":"Iheb Hammar, Mohamed Djermane, Belkacem Amieur","doi":"10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-012","url":null,"abstract":"Thin-shell structures are used in several fields of construction and are often exposed to severe dynamic environments, making them susceptible to dynamic instabilities. These instabilities are typically preceded by varying degrees of damage to the shell, justifying the need to incorporate this behavior in the formulation of the finite elements used. The objective of this work is to evaluate the different dynamic instability criterion in the presence of damage, afterward, evaluate the influence of this behavior on the stability of shells subjected to the dynamic excitations. The methodology of this project is essentially numerical, based on the finite element method. We are asked to program the introduction of damaging behavior and Lemaitre’s model criteria in the DYNCOQ program developed locally. To examine the results, two examples extracted from the literature were presented. The first model aimed to confirm the proper functioning of the program and the convergence of the plasticity criterion (Lemaitre's model). As for the second model, it allows us to test the dynamic instability. A comparison was made with experimental data from previously published literature, revealing a strong agreement between the calculated and experimental results. The obtained results prove the utility of considering this behavior in the shell analysis. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-03-012 Full Text: PDF","PeriodicalId":10233,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140272303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of the Procurement at the Construction Services Selection Implementation Center","authors":".. Sofian, H. Parung, S. Burhanuddin, R. Arifuddin","doi":"10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-013","url":null,"abstract":"The construction industry still faces various challenges in some developing countries, and one of the problems is the procurement of goods and services. The allocation of public procurement funds is significant to the national GDP. It is essential to conduct comprehensive research on government procurement in the construction industry in Indonesia due to the rapid growth of the construction industry in the last decade. This research focuses on the procurement of construction goods and services in the Ministry of Public Works and Housing by looking at the perception of the government as the project owner. This research aims to identify a model of critical success factors to improve public procurement performance in the construction industry from the government's perspective. The research method includes two stages, namely, the development of critical success, which consists of crucial factors and indicators that affect the performance of public procurement in the construction industry. It is a literature study of relevant previous research results from various countries that affect these critical success factors. Then, the second stage is a survey of experts' perceptions through questionnaires. The questionnaire data analysis used SEM-PLS software to quantify the relationship model of critical success factors to improve the performance of government procurement of goods and services in the construction industry. Data processing results include: business process factors affect 97.1%, regulatory factors affect 90.1%, information system factors affect 63.1%, human resource factors affect 56.1%, organizational factors affect 46.1%, and monitoring and evaluation factors affect 38%. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-03-013 Full Text: PDF","PeriodicalId":10233,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140273320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of Artificial Intelligence Applications and Knowledge Management Processes for Construction Projects Management","authors":"Meervat R. Altaie, Marwa M. Dishar","doi":"10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-06","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence systems have gained access to various scientific and research fields, especially in the construction industry. The study seeks to confirm the vital role of introducing Knowledge Management (KM) integrated with Artificial intelligence (AI) applications in the projects. It requires qualifying engineers and imposing their current qualifications to achieve the benefits of Integration of AI Applications based on KM processes to perform their professional roles and recognize the need to develop their capabilities through training and development. The field survey was intended only for 85 engineers working on construction projects (public and private sectors). Three axes were clarified to allocate the extent of the sample response and determine the benefits of using the KM process and AI applications for the success of construction projects. The results showed a positive relationship between the demographic variables of the response and the benefit of using the KM process and AI applications and explaining the variance in the regression relationships. Therefore, the study suggests integrating AI applications based on the KM process to achieve business goals and effectively benefit and exchange management, as its use leads to faster and more effective decision-making, especially if the project strategy approves it. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-03-06 Full Text: PDF","PeriodicalId":10233,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140274705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost Efficiency of Retrofitting Green Chemical Industrial Buildings","authors":"A. Husin, Lastarida Sinaga, Mawardi Amin, .. Kristiyanto, Eka Juni Arif, B. D. Kussumardianadewi, Wyllem T. Ator","doi":"10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-04","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is a threat and crisis that hit the world today. The green industry is widely implemented in the manufacturing sector as an effort to reduce negative impacts on the environment. The implementation of the green industry is influenced by various factors. The Chemical Industry is one sector that faces challenges in implementing green industry practices. The objective of this paper is to create an innovative conceptual framework that combines blockchain technology and building information modeling. This research examines the concept of green retrofitting in the chemical industry using an assessment based on the Ministry of Public Works and Housing Regulation No. 21 of 2021. The study was conducted in a chemical industry located in Cilegon, Banten, Indonesia. The research method combines Blockchain-Building Information Modeling (BIM) to analyze the cost efficiency of green retrofitting and Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) as a tool to process data from questionnaires and identify influential factors. The results indicate that the use of Blockchain-BIM can reduce retrofitting costs by 4.42% for low-level, 4.45% for medium-level, and 4.40% for high-level categories. This demonstrates that Blockchain-BIM has a significant impact on improving cost performance in the retrofitting process. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-03-04 Full Text: PDF","PeriodicalId":10233,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140280435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Framework for Risk-Based Integrated Safety Audit to Enhance Construction Safety Performance","authors":"Danang B. Nugroho, Yusuf Latief, Mochamad A. Wibowo, R. Arifuddin, Fatma Lestari, M. N. Akram","doi":"10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2024-010-03-08","url":null,"abstract":"Presently, there is a notable surge in infrastructure development, leading to a heightened occurrence of accidents within the construction sector. This trend has positioned the construction industry as one of the most accident-prone areas compared to other sectors. This suggests that the current construction safety audit procedures have not proven effective in preventing accidents. Typically, audits are conducted primarily during the construction phase, with infrequent assessments during the design phase. According to the Szymberski theory, actions taken during the design phase significantly influence the occurrence of accidents more than those taken during construction. Previous research has discussed a lot about safety management systems. However, it has not discussed how to assure the quality of its implementation. Considering this, the research aims to (a) identify the processes, elements, activities, sub-elements, objectives, criteria, and risks associated with construction safety audits and (b) formulate an integrated, risk-based audit process covering both the design and construction phases. This qualitative research employed the Delphi method to gather insights from construction safety experts, and the developed audit process utilized a risk management approach. The resulting audit process integrates principles from ISO 19011:2018 and Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Housing Number 10 of 2021. The findings revealed 34 activities in audit program management, 34 activities in audit implementation, and 32 sub-elements in audit criteria. These components are incorporated into a comprehensive construction safety audit framework, organizing audit processes, activities, and criteria. This framework underscores that improving construction safety performance is not solely confined to the construction phase but extends to the design phase as well. The audit results serve as a foundation for continuous improvement, aiding in enhancing safety performance and preventing accidents within the construction industry. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-03-08 Full Text: PDF","PeriodicalId":10233,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140283055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}