Int. J. E Entrepreneurship Innov.最新文献

{"title":"City 2.0 as a Platform for Global E-Entrepreneurship and Innovation","authors":"A. Anttiroiko","doi":"10.4018/jeei.2010040101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jeei.2010040101","url":null,"abstract":"Due to increased cross-boundary flows of resources, local governments have become more concerned with global economic development. In this regard, in this paper, the author discusses how globalisation and related intercity competition pose challenges to the development of cities. The objective is to describe innovative ways of dealing with global intercity competition with special reference to how the tools of City 2.0 may be used to support e-entrepreneurship by connecting local actors to different layers of innovation networks. DOI: 10.4018/jeei.2010040101 2 International Journal of E-Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 1(2), 1-13, April-June 2010 Copyright © 2010, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. urbAn rEsPonsE to GlobAlIsAtIon One of the manifestations of globalisation is that the number of countries promulgating favourable policies towards foreign direct investment (FDI) has skyrocketed since the early 1980s; hence the number of candidate locations for businesses has increased exponentially (Douglas, 2002, p. 56). Another sign of this trend is that the relocations of factories from Western and Northern Europe and the USA to low-cost countries have become daily news (e.g., Collins & Brainard, 2006; Markusen, 2005). There are two fundamentally different ways of responding to this challenge: to increase the competitiveness of a local community or to affect the very condition within which these intercity relations are determined and regulated. In other words, local response to globalisation has two paradigmatic forms and arenas: (a) competitive development-oriented responses in a dynamic environment of economic competition by which cities attract values of global flows and local businesses produce products and services for global markets, and (b) collaborative welfare-oriented responses in an institutionalised environment, which are needed to promote solidarity and sustainability from the local to the global level as a joint effort of local governments and other public agencies. It goes without saying that it is more difficult to realise transnational solidarity than to pursue local development policies that aim at benefitting an individual urban community (Anttiroiko, 2009c). cIty 2.0 As An urbAn dImEnsIon of WEb 2.0 remarks on the Web 2.0 trend The core service of the Internet, the World Wide Web (WWW), emerged in the 1990s essentially as the global publication and exchange network dominated by professional and business organisations. In the 2000s new forms of online communities, social networking and content sharing started to change the logic of the use of this global network. These new forms became known as Web 2.0, a concept launched by consultants aspiring to map out the then new trends revolving around the Internet. The term appeared for the first time at the Web 2.0 conference held in 2004 (O’Reilly, 2005). Web 2.0 refers to the second generation of Web","PeriodicalId":102199,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. E Entrepreneurship Innov.","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132482018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Decision-Aid in Supplier Selection for Entrepreneurs, Using Nested-Design, MODM and FAHP","authors":"Mehrdad Agha Mohammad Ali Kermani, M. Nasiri, Mohamad Hadi Aliahmadi","doi":"10.4018/jeei.2010040102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jeei.2010040102","url":null,"abstract":"Decision making is an important task for entrepreneurs, and proper performance of purchasing has a direct effect on decreasing costs, increasing profitability, and survival of an entrepreneur. Also, entrepreneurs must follow formal rational decision processes as much as possible with fewer costs. To do so, they can use Design of Experiment techniques in combination with decision-aids. In this paper, the authors develop a fuzzy linear multiobjective model for supplier selection. With this model, the decision maker will be able to identify effective criteria with the Nested-Design technique and their relative importance on supplier selection with FAHP. In this regard, fuzzy linear multiobjective programming will be assigned a share of suppliers for supply and demands in the supply chain. The authors expect that using this combination of techniques will have an impressive effect on reducing supplier selection costs. DOI: 10.4018/jeei.2010040102 International Journal of E-Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 1(2), 14-29, April-June 2010 15 Copyright © 2010, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. These findings show that despite, decision making is an important task and can affect the performance of firms directly; entrepreneurs do it quickly, using a few information. On one hand, innovation is the main characteristics, distinguishing entrepreneurs from small business owners (Carland et al., 1984). This means, more uncertainty due to innovative characteristic of entrepreneurs, resulting in more risks. On the other hand, risk is an attendant factor with entrepreneurship, like any other ownership (Schumpeter, 1934; Brockhaus, 1984). This risk can be a threat for entrepreneurs. Thus, as an entrepreneur, one must control risks by providing more information resulting in decreasing uncertainty. In such manner, entrepreneurs can improve comprehensiveness of decisions, making their firms’ performance better. One of the most important barriers to do so is the cost of information. In fact, information gathering is a time consuming and costly process. Thus, an intermediate manner should be chosen. In such manner, equilibrium between amount of collected information cost and risk will be established. Such an equilibrium point is where the total cost in minimized. This point can be seen in Figure 1. Finding such optimum point is a heuristic process. To do so, one can use tools which need minimum cost in collecting information. Such tools, related to topic of this article (supplier selection) are Design of Experiments (DOE) techniques. McMullen and Shepherd define uncertainty as what ‘separates entrepreneurial action from mere action’ (McMullen & Shepherd, 2006; Alvarez & Barney, 2005; Sarasvathy, 2001). It is also noted that “entrepreneurship theorists have embraced the position that uncertainty is detrimental to entrepreneurial action because properties such as hesitancy, indecisiveness,","PeriodicalId":102199,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. E Entrepreneurship Innov.","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129279165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desired State of Entrepreneurial IT Organizations: An Analysis Based on Iran's SMEs","authors":"M. Sarlak, A. Ghorbani, H. A. Esfanjani, M. H. Hosseini","doi":"10.4018/jeei.2010040104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jeei.2010040104","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, developing countries have been faced with the problem of an increased number of unemployed people, requiring more attention on expanding the enterprising culture and to develop information technology. In this paper, the entrepreneurial IT SMEs in Iran are studied to determine their status quo, offering a conceptual framework for desired state, comparison between the state quo, and the desired state, which identifies their barriers. Considering the characteristics of Iran’s business atmosphere, both can be divided into real and legal entrepreneurs. Results show that the majority of entrepreneurial IT SMEs are in a desired state regarding their strategy of growth rate implicitly, clear and pre-defined views, not being in the infancy stage of life cycle, participating staff in decision-making, and financially supplying research and development. Also, the major internal obstacles in these SMEs are lacking creativity and innovation techniques among their staff, shortage of experts, the presence of formal, vertical, and top-down authorities, lack of flat organizational structure, and the major extra-organizational barriers among others. DOI: 10.4018/jeei.2010040104 46 International Journal of E-Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 1(2), 45-58, April-June 2010 Copyright © 2010, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. order to make use of the potential and actual capacities of IT entrepreneurship and expand it in a nation-wide state. In addition, it makes possible for executive officials and policy makers in the field of employment and development of information technology to take realistic and effective steps in order to reduce the limitations and problems facing the active organizations or newcomers. For this purpose, the major axes in the present research are as follows: • The characteristics of the entrepreneurial IT organizations. • Offering a conceptual framework to the desired state of the entrepreneurial IT organizations. • Investigating the status quo of a sample taken from the entrepreneurial IT organizations in Iran. • The limitations and barriers facing the entrepreneurial IT organizations in Iran. • Offering procedures for improving the status quo of the entrepreneurial IT organizations in Iran. tHEorEtIcAl frAmEWork There is no agreement between scholars about the definition of the term ‘ entrepreneurship. In fact we cannot understand the actual meaning of the term from its surface meaning. The concept of entrepreneurship dates back to 274 years ago and for the first time someone called Richard Cantillon (1730) proposed it. The historical review of the entrepreneurship literature reveals that this term was appeared for the first time in the economic and growth theories of the economists. The term, later, entered the entrepreneurship schools and theories of other humanities (Abedi, 2003). The concept comes from the French word ‘ Entreprendre’ and th","PeriodicalId":102199,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. E Entrepreneurship Innov.","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127003165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Critical Exploration into whether E-Recruitment is an Effective E-Entrepreneurship Method in Attracting Appropriate Employees for Enterprises","authors":"A. Lewis, Lyn Daunton, B. Thomas, Gwenllian Marged Sanders","doi":"10.4018/jeei.2010040103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jeei.2010040103","url":null,"abstract":"This study critically explores e-recruitment and whether it is an effective e-entrepreneurship method in attracting appropriate employees for enterprises. The research was conducted by using both primary and secondary data. The secondary data primarily concentrated on the direct impact to enterprises and how changes in recruitment strategies could affect individuals. The primary research attempted to look at e-recruitment from the perspective of a recruitment agency and potential users of recruitment agencies. Using face-to-face interviews, online focus groups, and questionnaires, the authors investigate and show the various reasons behind individuals’ decisions to use recruitment agencies. By examining the methods employed by the Prime Recruitment agency to meet their clients’ needs (both underlying employer and potential candidates) as well as sustaining a competitive advantage in a declining recruitment market, the authors attempt to resolve outstanding grey areas.","PeriodicalId":102199,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. E Entrepreneurship Innov.","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129696391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information and Communication Technology Adoption in SMEs in Sri Lanka; Current level of ICT Usage and Perceived Barriers","authors":"Jayani Chamarika Athapaththu, B. Nishantha","doi":"10.4018/IJEEI.2018010101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJEEI.2018010101","url":null,"abstract":"Information communication technology (ICT), considered as one of the major impacts of organizational performance and small and medium enterprises (SMEs), plays a significant role in the Sri Lankan economy as a strategic partner. Thus, the article examines current levels of ICT usage and perceived barriers to ICT adoption in SMEs in Sri Lanka. The findings revealed that despite the majority of respondents using IT for essential functions, they lacked proper internal IT infrastructures, personal motivation, had internet connection issues, trust issues, and lack of knowledge. These factors were identified as the perceived barriers to ICT adoption in SMEs in Sri Lanka. Data was collected from 67 SME owners from Sri Lanka, except the North province, in November 2016. The findings offer valuable insights to policy makers in general and to the SME owners. The methodology, implications, and suggestions are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":102199,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. E Entrepreneurship Innov.","volume":"05 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129435985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of National and Organisational Culture on Knowledge Sharing in Distributed Teams","authors":"K. Siakas, E. Georgiadou, Dimitrios Siakas","doi":"10.4018/IJEEI.2016010102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJEEI.2016010102","url":null,"abstract":"In today's competitive business environment increasingly large numbers of organisations use distributed teams in their international operations. This paper provides a basis for discussion and analysis of knowledge sharing between distributed team members working in a global context in different organisational and national cultures. Examining the different cultural values and perceptions related to knowledge sharing, the authors aim at making more explicit the human and cultural dynamics that bear on knowledge sharing and knowledge management success. A lifecycle for knowledge creation and sharing is discussed. The use of Cultural and Organisational Diversity Evaluation (CODE) is proposed for assessing the fit between national and organisational culture. The objective of using the CODE model is to raise awareness of the cultural values and attitudes in distributed teams and in combination with the life-cycle to ensure an effective process quality management and foster a knowledge sharing culture within distributed team members.","PeriodicalId":102199,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. E Entrepreneurship Innov.","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129131632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Electronic Business: Current Trends and Future Potentials","authors":"T. Kollmann, Patrick Krell","doi":"10.4018/jeei.2011010102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jeei.2011010102","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the development of the Internet from Web 1.0 to Web 2.0 to Web 3.0 is analysed to define current trends and discover future potential trends. Furthermore, a definition of these different stages is made and supported with examples. Starting with Web 1.0 and the corresponding e-procurement, e-shop and e-marketplace, the first e-business activities are defined. Thereafter, Web 2.0 is determined by innovative e-community systems. Finally, Web 3.0 is characterised by e-customization and e-request platforms. This article creates a clearer understanding of the development of the Internet, defines current trends, and discovers potential trends. a production factor will increasingly become important and will lead to the development of new innovative business ideas. In recent years, many business ventures were based on this production factor. The Web 1.0 in particular is characterized by supply-orientated systems, e.g. the focus is on the supply of items or services. Accordingly, private and commercial businessmen use the Internet as another distribution channel to offer their products to the market. Supply-side database systems are used, which were filled with relevant information about the product or service and in which the potential buyer could search for offers that mostly match with his individual needs. Therefore, the products and services are electronically recorded by companies. Corresponding eOffer-, eSalesor eTrading-processes are transacted on the platforms E-Procurement, E-Shop and E-Marketplace (Kollmann, 2011b). DOI: 10.4018/jeei.2011010102 International Journal of E-Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 2(1), 16-25, January-March 2011 17 Copyright © 2011, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. The Web 2.0 is characterised by network systems that connect private and commercial users through the Internet and therefore build up a network of relationships. In this case, the communication via the eNetworking-process stands at the centre, which is transacted by ECommunity platforms (Kollmann, 2011b). The contact between the users is of central concern, whereby the communication may relate to private or business content. This development is both a blessing and a curse, since by the rising flood of information a simple overview of the Internet is for the user not given anymore. In this context, time savings through a quick access to desired information no longer exist, because of the massive amount of content on the Internet it increasingly takes more time to find the desired information. For this reason, a new technological generation is needed, which helps users to deal with these challenges. The Web 3.0 is based on these challenges and represents a demand-orientated system, where demand-driven products and services are provided. Consequently, following this logic from the Web 1.0 to the Web 2.0, the Web 3.0 is in particular characterized by demand-orienta","PeriodicalId":102199,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. E Entrepreneurship Innov.","volume":"343 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130291903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing Service Management in SOA","authors":"Carsten Kleiner, J. Dunkel","doi":"10.4018/jeei.2012010101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jeei.2012010101","url":null,"abstract":"In service-oriented architectures the management of services is a crucial task during all stages of IT operations. Based on a case study performed for a group of finance companies the different aspects of service management are presented. First, the paper discusses how services must be described for management purposes. In particular, a special emphasis is placed on the integration of legacy/non web services. Secondly, the service lifecycle that underlies service management is presented. Especially, the relation to SOA governance and an appropriate tool support by registry repositories is outlined.","PeriodicalId":102199,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. E Entrepreneurship Innov.","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114649459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Android Permission System Violation: Case Study and Refinement","authors":"Kyoung-Soo Han, Yeo Reum Lee, Biao Jiang, E. Im","doi":"10.4018/jeei.2013010102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jeei.2013010102","url":null,"abstract":"Android uses permissions for application security management. Android also allows inter-application communication (IAC), which enables cooperation between different applications to perform complex tasks by using some components and Intents. In other words, Android provides more flexibility and places less restriction on application development. This is a major feature that differentiates Android from its competitors. However, IAC also facilitates malicious applications that can collude in attacks of privilege escalation. In this paper, the authors demonstrate with case studies that all IAC channels can potentially be utilized for privilege escalation attacks, and the authors propose a refinement to solve this problem by enforcing IAC permissions and exposing IAC to users. Android Permission System Violation: Case Study and Refinement","PeriodicalId":102199,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. E Entrepreneurship Innov.","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129048867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Independent Private Values Distributions on Internet Auction Performance","authors":"T. Leung, W. Knottenbelt","doi":"10.4018/jeei.2012010105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jeei.2012010105","url":null,"abstract":"The Independent Private Values (IPV) model is foundational for the analysis of Internet auction performance and is widely used in the study of auction behaviour. The characteristics of this model include the assumptions of privacy and independence where the value of the commodity in question is private to the individual buyers, and that different buyers do not know the values other buyers attached to the commodity. In addition, these values are drawn from a common distribution which is known to the buyers. In probabilistic terms, this essentially amounts to a series of values which are independent and identically distributed. The features and characteristics of the IPV distribution will have a significant impact on auction behaviour, and since a general stochastic analysis of their impact is analytically intractable, here auction performance is studied using an auction process simulator. Both hard close and soft close Internet auctions are studied. In addition, Vickrey auctions and auction mechanisms with multiple bid acceptance are compared and evaluated. From experimental findings, the paper establishes quantitative relationships between the different auction process parameters, deploy suitable IPV distributions to model the characteristics of different communities of bidders, provide suggestions for optimising auction performance, and recommend strategies for efficient auction design. DOI: 10.4018/jeei.2012010105 60 International Journal of E-Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 3(1), 59-71, January-March 2012 Copyright © 2012, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. encourage sniping (bidders submit their bids moments before the close of an auction thereby preventing other bidders from submitting counter-bids), the acceptance of multiple bids in a single auction, and a maximum threshold whereby the auction will terminate at that price point. Due to lack of regulation, the size of the market and the volume of bidders and sellers, Internet auctions are better suited to incorporating algorithms of increased complexity as opposed to the more established procedures at traditional auction houses. For example, while eBay runs what essentially amounts to an English auction with a fixed duration, Swoopo runs what is known as a penny auction, where each bid incurs a fee and also extends the length of the auction by a short amount (10-20 seconds). One way to view an auction is to regard it as the determination of bidders’ valuations by the seller with the hindrance of concealed information from bidders (Cowell, 2006). The value of the object being sold (or lot) can either be the same for everyone and bids will vary according to the accuracy of the information a bidder holds, or each bidder will have his own private valuation that is unaffected by the valuations of those around him, whether known to him or not. The Independent Private Values model (Parsons et al., 2011) include ","PeriodicalId":102199,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. E Entrepreneurship Innov.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126052315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}