Chronicles of Young Scientists最新文献_第2页

Beneficial effect of extracts of Premna integrifolia root on human leucocytes and erythrocytes against hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative damage 金合花根提取物对人白细胞和红细胞抗过氧化氢氧化损伤的有益作用

Chronicles of Young Scientists Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/2229-5186.129339

P. Mali

{"title":"Beneficial effect of extracts of Premna integrifolia root on human leucocytes and erythrocytes against hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative damage","authors":"P. Mali","doi":"10.4103/2229-5186.129339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2229-5186.129339","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Oxidative damage as a result of an increase in the free radical load and/or decrease in the efficiency of the antioxidant systems has been implicated in many human diseases. Premna integrifolia (Verbenaceae) is an important woody, medicinal plant and has a prominent place in Ayurvedha, Siddha and Unani system of medicines. Traditionally, it has been used for various antioxidant related disorders. Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the beneficial effect of extracts of P. integrifolia root on human leucocytes and erythrocytes against hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) induced oxidative damage. Materials and Methods: Chloroform:methanol (1:1) extract of P. integrifolia (CMEPI) and aqueous extract of P. integrifolia roots were used to accessed catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels in H 2 O 2 induced oxidative damage. Results: Results of the present study revealed that, there was an increase in the CAT, SOD, GPx and reduction of the GSH and LPO levels in H 2 O 2 group compared with the control. P. integrifolia root extract treated groups showed the reduction of CAT, SOD, GPx and increased in the GSH and LPO levels as compared with H 2 O 2 group. CMEPI was found to be more effective than aqueous. Conclusion: The present study suggests that, extracts of P. integrifolia root possess beneficial effect on human leucocytes and erythrocytes against H 2 O 2 induced oxidative damage which has substantiated their use in ethnomedicine as an antioxidant. Observed effect can be attributed due to the flavonoid and phenol contents in the plant. Furthermore, in-vitro and in-vivo studies are needed to explore its effects on antioxidant system of the body for proving its clinical safety, reliability and efficacy.","PeriodicalId":10187,"journal":{"name":"Chronicles of Young Scientists","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77783051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

A modification regarding the Kuppuswamy socioeconomic scale 关于Kuppuswamy社会经济尺度的修正

Chronicles of Young Scientists Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/2229-5186.129351

R. Sharma, N. Saini

引用次数: 1

Assessment of knowledge regarding tuberculosis in the context of revised national tuberculosis control program among budding doctors 在修订后的国家结核病控制规划的背景下，初出诊医生对结核病知识的评估

Chronicles of Young Scientists Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/2229-5186.129340

M. Basu, P. Das

{"title":"Assessment of knowledge regarding tuberculosis in the context of revised national tuberculosis control program among budding doctors","authors":"M. Basu, P. Das","doi":"10.4103/2229-5186.129340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2229-5186.129340","url":null,"abstract":"Background: India has the highest burden of tuberculosis (TB) in the world with over 2 million incident cases (21% of the global burden). Future physicians should correctly diagnose, treat the cases to prevent the development of newer cases. Materials and Methods: The observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in 2012 among 172 interns. Study tool was an English language, pre-designed, pre-tested, self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire. Study variables were multiple including different aspects of TB knowledge. Then, data were collected from them. Finally, the collected data were tabulated, analyzed and interpreted by proper statistical methods (by percentage). Results: The response rate was 88.4%; mean age was 23.8 (standard deviation ±1.5) years, ranged from 22 to 28 years. A majority of interns (65.4%) correctly identified droplet infection as the chief mode of transmission of pulmonary TB (PTB). Again 65.4% interns correctly mentioned coughing for 2 weeks or more as the most important symptom of PTB. Majority (91.0%) correctly responded sputum examination for acid fast bacilli for diagnosis. Only a few respondents (25.6%) were able to narrate correct categorization of TB. More than 3/4 th (76.9%) could correctly name all the five first line anti-TB drugs used in directly observed treatment, short-course (DOTS). Conclusion: The most worrisome finding was the lack of proper knowledge about TB transmission. Poor level of knowledge can prevent the future medical practitioners from suspecting TB. The present study was found comparable with many other study findings. The respondents had moderate knowledge regarding treatment monitoring. There is an urgent need for the huge increase in awareness of DOTS among budding doctors.","PeriodicalId":10187,"journal":{"name":"Chronicles of Young Scientists","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80012082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Broad spectrum β-lactam resistance in faecal Escherichia coli isolated from severely malnourished and nourished children attending Mbagathi district hospital, Nairobi: A case-control study 从内罗毕姆巴加西地区医院严重营养不良和营养不良儿童中分离出的粪便大肠杆菌中广谱β-内酰胺耐药性:一项病例对照研究

Chronicles of Young Scientists Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/2229-5186.129336

S. Njoroge, J. Kiiru, G. Kikuvi

{"title":"Broad spectrum β-lactam resistance in faecal Escherichia coli isolated from severely malnourished and nourished children attending Mbagathi district hospital, Nairobi: A case-control study","authors":"S. Njoroge, J. Kiiru, G. Kikuvi","doi":"10.4103/2229-5186.129336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2229-5186.129336","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Severely malnourished children have increased risk of being put on antibiotics due to co-morbidities. Aim: The study's objective was to characterize the Escherichia coli β-lactamase mediated resistance to the broad spectrum β-lactam antimicrobials among this population and compare them with nourished children as controls. Settings and Design: In this case-control, hospital-based setup, 109 E. coli isolates were obtained from each group, one isolate per subject. Materials and Methods: Stool or anal swabs were collected, enriched in buffered peptone water and cultured on MacConkey and eosin methylene blue agars. Biochemical test were used to identify E. coli . antibiograms to determine phenotypic resistance were determined using a panel of 14 drugs. Only the isolates showing synergy between ampicillin-calvulanic acid and one or more third generation cephalosporins were picked as extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers. Statistical Analysis: Differences in ESBL rates and susceptibility percentages between cases and controls were evaluated for significance using 2-tailed Fisher's exact test. Results: Prevalence of ESBL phenotype was higher in severely malnourished children (39%) as compared to the controls (7%). The plasmid-encoded AmpC's (pAmpC)-like phenotype was observed in 11% isolates. Conclusions: Isolation of ESBL- E. coli among severely malnourished children is high. Surveillance of ESBL producers, both in the community and hospital settings needs to be stepped up in Kenya.","PeriodicalId":10187,"journal":{"name":"Chronicles of Young Scientists","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88425713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Giant lipoma of the cerivical-nuchal region 颈颈区巨大脂肪瘤

Chronicles of Young Scientists Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/2229-5186.129350

D. Chauhan, Y. Guruprasad

引用次数: 0

Development and validation of a stability indicating HPTLC-densitometric method for lafutidine 拉法替丁hplc密度测定方法的建立与验证

Chronicles of Young Scientists Pub Date : 2013-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/2229-5186.115549

Dinesh Dhamecha, Kiran Jadhav, Shyam Ghadlinge, S. Shelke, Ritesh Fule

引用次数: 2

Experimental studies on bioactive potential of rutin 芦丁生物活性电位的实验研究

Chronicles of Young Scientists Pub Date : 2013-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/2229-5186.115556

Shagun Dubey, A. Ganeshpurkar, D. Bansal, Nazneen Dubey

引用次数: 42

Polymeric micelles as a drug carrier for tumor targeting 高分子胶束作为肿瘤靶向药物载体

Chronicles of Young Scientists Pub Date : 2013-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/2229-5186.115544

N. Dand, Pranav B. Patel, A. Ayre, V. J. Kadam

{"title":"Polymeric micelles as a drug carrier for tumor targeting","authors":"N. Dand, Pranav B. Patel, A. Ayre, V. J. Kadam","doi":"10.4103/2229-5186.115544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2229-5186.115544","url":null,"abstract":"Polymeric micelle can be targeted to tumor site by passive and active mechanism. Some inherent properties of polymeric micelle such as size in nanorange, stability in plasma, longevity in vivo, and pathological characteristics of tumor make polymeric micelles to be targeted at the tumor site by passive mechanism called enhanced permeability and retention effect. Polymeric micelle formed from the amphiphilic block copolymer is suitable for encapsulation of poorly water soluble, hydrophobic anticancer drugs. Other characteristics of polymeric micelles such as separated functionality at the outer shell are useful for targeting the anticancer drug to tumor by active mechanisms. Polymeric micelles can be conjugated with many ligands such as antibodies fragments, epidermal growth factors, α 2 -glycoprotein, transferrine, and folate to target micelles to cancer cells. Application of heat and ultrasound are the alternative methods to enhance drug accumulation in tumoral cells. Targeting using micelles can also be done to tumor angiogenesis which is the potentially promising target for anticancer drugs. This review summarizes about recently available information regarding targeting the anticancer drug to the tumor site using polymeric micelles.","PeriodicalId":10187,"journal":{"name":"Chronicles of Young Scientists","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90949450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

Numerical simulations of thrombosis 血栓形成的数值模拟

Chronicles of Young Scientists Pub Date : 2013-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/2229-5186.115552

N. Ramunigari, Debarshi Roy

{"title":"Numerical simulations of thrombosis","authors":"N. Ramunigari, Debarshi Roy","doi":"10.4103/2229-5186.115552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2229-5186.115552","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mathematical approaches for biological events have gained significant importance in development of biomedical research. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is caused by blood clot in veins deeply rooted in the body, resulting in loss of blood, pain, and numbness of the body part associated with that vein. This situation can get complicated and can be fatal, when the blood clot travels to other parts of the body which may result in pulmonary embolism (PE). PE causes approximately 300,000 deaths annually in the United States alone. Materials and Methods: We are trying to propose a computational approach for understanding venous thrombosis using the theory of fluid mechanics. In our study, we are trying to establish a computational model that mimics the venous blood flow containing unidirectional venous valves and will be depicting the blood flow in the veins. We analyzed the flow patterns in veins, which are included with lump like substances. This lump like substances can be clots, tissue debris, collagen or even cholesterol. Our study will facilitate better understanding of the biophysical process in case of thrombosis. Results: The predicted model analyzes the consequences that occur due to the clot formations in veins. Knowledge of Navier-Stokes equations in fluid dynamics along with the computational model of a complex biological system would help in diagnosis of the problem at much faster rate of time. Valves of the deep veins are damaged as a result of DVT, with no valves to prevent deep system reflux, the hydrostatic venous pressure in the lower extremity increases dramatically. Conclusion: Our model is used to determine the effects of an interrupted blood flow as a result of thrombin formation, which might result in disturbed systemic circulation. Our results indicated a positive inverse correlation exists between clots and the flow velocity. This would support medical practitioners to recommend faster curing measures.","PeriodicalId":10187,"journal":{"name":"Chronicles of Young Scientists","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75249555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Evaluation of preservative effectiveness of p-coumaric acid derivatives in aluminium hydroxide gel-USP 对香豆酸衍生物在氢氧化铝凝胶中的防腐效果评价- usp

Chronicles of Young Scientists Pub Date : 2013-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/2229-5186.115554

A. Khatkar, A. Nanda, B. Narasimhan

{"title":"Evaluation of preservative effectiveness of p-coumaric acid derivatives in aluminium hydroxide gel-USP","authors":"A. Khatkar, A. Nanda, B. Narasimhan","doi":"10.4103/2229-5186.115554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2229-5186.115554","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Deterioration of pharmaceutical preparations due to growth of microorganisms is a great challenge and need of preservation becomes very important. Literature reports about various problems associated with the existing synthetic preservatives such as development of microbial resistance (in due course of time) and several serious side effects. Aim: The aim of the present study is to find out new preservatives synthesized from natural sources, which may have better efficiency than the existing synthetic preservatives. The derivatives of naturally occurring p-coumaric acid were subjected for their preservative efficacy study. Their preservative efficiency was evaluated and compared with the standard parabens. Materials and Methods: The selected amide, anilide and ester derivatives of p-coumaric acid were subjected to preservative efficacy testing in an official antacid preparation, (aluminium hydroxide gel-USP) against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger as representative challenging microorganisms as per USP 2004 guidelines. Results: The selected derivatives were found to be effective against all selected strains and showed preservative efficacy comparable to that of standard and even better in case E. coli, C. albicans and A. niger. The 8-hydroxy quinoline ester derivative showed better preservative efficacy than standard as well as other derivatives. Conclusion: The newly synthesized p- coumaric acid preservatives were found to be effective in the proposed pharmaceutical preparation (Aluminium Hydroxide Gel - USP). Also, the synthesized preservatives have shown comparative and even better efficacy than the existing parabens and hence they have potential for use in pharmaceutical preparations.","PeriodicalId":10187,"journal":{"name":"Chronicles of Young Scientists","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84622363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4