2014 IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Science, Technology and Engineering最新文献

‘The organization is what the leader is’: An ethical leadership framework for universities and research organizations “领导者是什么，组织就是什么”:大学和研究机构的道德领导框架

2014 IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Science, Technology and Engineering Pub Date : 2014-05-23 DOI: 10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893380

Avantika Singh, Nisha Rathore

{"title":"‘The organization is what the leader is’: An ethical leadership framework for universities and research organizations","authors":"Avantika Singh, Nisha Rathore","doi":"10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893380","url":null,"abstract":"An ethical leader is one whose actions and influence processes are consistent with ethical and moral values. Research indicates the effect of the leaders' values on the ethical choices they make. Ethical leadership percolates down to shape the ethical attitudes of people at lower levels, thereby setting the ethical climate of the organization. This paper identifies the imperative for ethical leadership and the manner in which it is manifested in universities and research organizations in India, and suggests an ethical leadership framework for academic and research administrators. The central argument of this paper is that the leader's own value system, attitudes and influence strategies shape employee behavior and set the ethical tone of the organization. This paper is based on literature review and in-depth exploratory interviews with 26 key informants including institutional leaders and members of the top management and middle-level management in four universities and two research organizations in north India. The first part of our ethical leadership framework includes the dimensions of ethical leadership, while the latter part incorporates the outcomes of ethical leadership. The dimensions of ethical leadership include value orientation, attitudes and influence strategies of the leader. The outcomes of ethical leadership are discussed at three levels of organizational behavior, namely, the individual (micro), the work group (meso) and the organization (macro). This paper recommends strategies for research and education planners, policy makers and administrators to build ethical leadership amongst researchers and academics.","PeriodicalId":101738,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Science, Technology and Engineering","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126659621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Technology as moral proxy: Autonomy and paternalism by design 作为道德代理的技术:设计中的自治和家长式作风

2014 IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Science, Technology and Engineering Pub Date : 2014-05-23 DOI: 10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893388

J. Millar

{"title":"Technology as moral proxy: Autonomy and paternalism by design","authors":"J. Millar","doi":"10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893388","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper I argue that in cases where technologies provide material answers to moral questions that arise in the use context, they can and should be characterized as moral proxies acting on behalf of a person. Because of this we can accurately characterize the moral link between designers, artefacts and users as a relationship of a particularly moral kind. Moral proxies of the human kind have been a topic of analysis for some time in healthcare and bioethics, making them a good starting point for thinking about moral proxies of the artefactual kind. I draw from bioethics and STS literatures to build an analogy between human moral proxies in healthcare and artefactual moral proxies. I then turn my attention to design ethics considerations. If we accept that artefacts can function as moral proxies it becomes important to recognize that designers can subject users to paternalistic relationships that are ethically problematic. I demonstrate how we can use a proxy analysis as a tool for evaluating technologies. I argue that there are situations in which engineers should use proxy analysis to avoid paternalism by design while simultaneously improving user autonomy.","PeriodicalId":101738,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Science, Technology and Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116245583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Does “public” mean an engineer's nation? “公共”意味着一个工程师的国家吗?

2014 IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Science, Technology and Engineering Pub Date : 2014-05-23 DOI: 10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893405

Michael Davis

引用次数: 1

Development of socially sustainable traffic-control principles for self-driving vehicles: The ethics of anthropocentric design 自动驾驶汽车社会可持续交通控制原则的发展:以人类为中心的设计伦理

2014 IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Science, Technology and Engineering Pub Date : 2014-05-23 DOI: 10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893448

M. Mladenović, M. Abbas, T. McPherson

引用次数: 24

Preserving dignity in patient caregiver relationships using moral emotions and robots 利用道德情感和机器人维护病人和护理者之间的尊严

2014 IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Science, Technology and Engineering Pub Date : 2014-05-23 DOI: 10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893414

R. Arkin, Matthias Scheutz, L. Tickle-Degnen

引用次数: 17

Ethics and military engineering operations 道德和军事工程操作

2014 IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Science, Technology and Engineering Pub Date : 2014-05-23 DOI: 10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893379

C. Bertha

引用次数: 1

Developing responsible research and innovation for robotics 发展负责任的机器人研究和创新

2014 IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Science, Technology and Engineering Pub Date : 2014-05-23 DOI: 10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893392

N. McBride, B. Stahl

引用次数: 7

Mind the gap: Using lessons learned from practicing engineers to teach engineering ethics to undergraduates 注意差距:利用从实践工程师那里学到的经验，向本科生教授工程伦理

2014 IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Science, Technology and Engineering Pub Date : 2014-05-23 DOI: 10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893430

Christine G. Nicometo, Traci M. Nathans-Kelly, B. Skarzynski

{"title":"Mind the gap: Using lessons learned from practicing engineers to teach engineering ethics to undergraduates","authors":"Christine G. Nicometo, Traci M. Nathans-Kelly, B. Skarzynski","doi":"10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893430","url":null,"abstract":"Given the range and complexity of ethical dilemmas arising in professional workplaces, engineering educators attempting to bring elements of ethics instruction into their courses and majors must convince undergraduates that discussion cases used for in-class reflection represent reality in the working world. To support this teaching approach, it is often useful to pull in evidence and voices from practicing engineers to lend credibility to engineering ethics discussions. However, our NSF-funded study revealed some surprising results about the ways in which practicing engineers viewed their own perceptions of what ethics are and are not. Thus, if practicing engineers themselves are not quite clear about how to articulate ethical issues, we should wonder how to use their case studies to the best possible end in the classroom. We discovered that a slight shift in vocabulary, speaking of “quality” or “integrity” instead of “ethics” with practicing engineers triggered recognition of ethical dilemmas. Those words resonate with engineers, and we propose that similar shifts in teaching can open up new vistas of understanding and application in undergraduate engineering ethics teaching.","PeriodicalId":101738,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Science, Technology and Engineering","volume":"523 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132592640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Making sense of ethics in engineering education: A discursive examination of students' perceptions of work and ethics on multidisciplinary project teams 理解工程教育中的伦理:多学科项目团队中学生对工作和伦理观念的论述性考察

2014 IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Science, Technology and Engineering Pub Date : 2014-05-23 DOI: 10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893409

Megan W. Kenny Feister, C. Zoltowski, Patrice M. Buzzanell, Qin Zhu, W. Oakes

{"title":"Making sense of ethics in engineering education: A discursive examination of students' perceptions of work and ethics on multidisciplinary project teams","authors":"Megan W. Kenny Feister, C. Zoltowski, Patrice M. Buzzanell, Qin Zhu, W. Oakes","doi":"10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893409","url":null,"abstract":"Multidisciplinary project teams in engineering education allow students to gain experience with engineering on a professional and practical level, while still maintaining a supportive learning environment. This context reflects the team-based and multidisciplinary nature of much professional engineering work. In an increasingly complex environment that requires collaboration across cultures and disciplines, training for young engineers must prepare them not only to be able to work effectively with diverse groups of people, but also to become ethical decision makers in this ethically complex environment. As ethics plays a major role in students' work and learning in engineering education, it is important to examine how they understand and interpret ethical issues as they are encountered, as well as how academic programs shape and frame these issues as students begin to develop the ethical decision making skills that will guide them throughout their careers. This paper examines the reflexive nature of how students interpret and make sense of their work in an engineering education context, and how this context may impact students' development and understanding of ethical decision making. The authors examine multidisciplinary project teams in different engineering education programs to see how students in these teams relate to one another, to the team itself, and how they understand ethics in this context.","PeriodicalId":101738,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Science, Technology and Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116860157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Engineering for problems of excess 解决过剩问题的工程

2014 IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Science, Technology and Engineering Pub Date : 2014-05-23 DOI: 10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893447

L. Varshney

{"title":"Engineering for problems of excess","authors":"L. Varshney","doi":"10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETHICS.2014.6893447","url":null,"abstract":"Engineering is often concerned with solving problems and creating solutions to challenges faced by humanity. Engineering approaches that were central to improving life in past centuries dealt with problems of scarcity: how to grow more food, how to allow greater communication among people, how to transport goods more quickly, or how to generate more power. As evidenced by the industrial revolution, the green revolution, and the information revolution, these purely technical approaches to engineering have transformed the world. The engineering successes of past centuries, however, have given rise to new engineering challenges that are not just technical but sociotechnical in scope. These new challenges are problems of excess rather than of scarcity-problems such as obesity, information overload, and climate change. People's behaviors are critical in large-scale sociotechnical systems and engineers must necessarily consider interactions between people and technical systems when considering these problems. Since engineering designs for problems of excess require consideration and potential modification of human behavior, they may appear to be dehumanizing and mechanistic. Drawing on the biomedical ethics framework of Beauchamp and Childress, we discuss several technologies for addressing problems of excess in terms of beneficence, non-maleficence, respect for autonomy, and justice.","PeriodicalId":101738,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Science, Technology and Engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117084414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2