Reproduction & fertility最新文献_第6页

Special series on the role of the microbiome in reproduction and fertility. 关于微生物组在生殖和生育中的作用的特别系列。

Reproduction & fertility Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Print Date: 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1530/RAF-23-0080

S M O'Mahony, P Comizzoli

引用次数: 0

Endometrial Glucose Metabolism During Early Pregnancy. 妊娠早期子宫内膜葡萄糖代谢。

Reproduction & fertility Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1530/RAF-23-0016

Ziting Chen, Matthew Dean

{"title":"Endometrial Glucose Metabolism During Early Pregnancy.","authors":"Ziting Chen, Matthew Dean","doi":"10.1530/RAF-23-0016","DOIUrl":"10.1530/RAF-23-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Approximately 50% of human pregnancies humans fail, most before or during implantation. One factor contributing to pregnancy loss is abnormal glucose metabolism in the endometrium. Glucose contributes to preimplantation embryo development, uterine receptivity, and attachment of the embryo. Across multiple species, the epithelium stores glucose as the macromolecule glycogen at estrus. This reserve is mobilized during the preimplantation period. Glucose from circulation or glycogenolysis can be secreted into the uterine lumen for use by the embryo or metabolized via glycolysis, producing ATP for the cell. The resulting pyruvate could be converted to lactate, another important nutrient for the embryo. Fructose is an important nutrient for early embryos, and the epithelium and placenta can convert glucose to fructose via the polyol pathway. The epithelium also uses glucose to glycosylate proteins, which regulates embryo attachment. In some species, decidualization of the stroma is critical to successful implantation. Formation of the decidua requires increased glucose metabolism via the pentose phosphate pathway and glycolysis. After decidualization, the cells switch to aerobic glycolysis to produce ATP. Paradoxically, the decidua also stores large amounts of glucose as glycogen. Too little glucose or an inability to take up glucose impairs embryo development and decidualization. Conversely, too much glucose inhibits these same processes. This likely contributes to the reduced pregnancy rates associated with conditions like obesity and diabetes. Collectively, precise control of glucose metabolism is important for several endometrial processes required to establish a successful pregnancy. The factors regulating these metabolic processes remain poorly understood.","PeriodicalId":101312,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction & fertility","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10762551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71490937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the complexities of posthumous reproduction in fertility preservation for oncology patients with poor prognosis. 探讨预后不良肿瘤患者保留生育能力的死后生殖的复杂性。

Reproduction & fertility Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1530/RAF-23-0072

Alexander Polyakov, Genia Rozen

{"title":"Exploring the complexities of posthumous reproduction in fertility preservation for oncology patients with poor prognosis.","authors":"Alexander Polyakov, Genia Rozen","doi":"10.1530/RAF-23-0072","DOIUrl":"10.1530/RAF-23-0072","url":null,"abstract":"The field of fertility preservation (FP) for oncology patients has evolved significantly in recent years, offering new possibilities for individuals with life-threatening illnesses. We commend Jones et al. for their comprehensive ethical review of offering FP to patients with poor prognoses, acknowledging the potential benefits that it may bring. \"Poor prognosis\" in this context implies a high likelihood of death due to cancer progression. We highlight the importance of considering posthumous reproduction, involving the use of cryopreserved gametes or embryos to conceive a child after one or both partners have passed away, a topic briefly mentioned by Jones et al. Posthumous reproduction raises complex ethical, logistical, and legal questions. Distinctions between cryopreserved sperm and oocytes are discussed, with each scenario presenting unique challenges. The article also examines the complexities faced by same-sex couples in posthumous reproduction, addressing issues related to donor selection, legal parentage, and rights. Legal and regulatory aspects play a crucial role, including obtaining clear and legally valid consent, defining parental rights, navigating surrogacy laws, and addressing inheritance and estate planning. Ethical dilemmas require healthcare professionals to ensure informed decision-making, consider psychological impacts, and offer information on alternative family-building options.","PeriodicalId":101312,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction & fertility","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10762574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92158317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lipid Enriched Reduced Nutrient Culture Medium Improves Bovine Blastocyst Formation. 富脂减量培养基促进牛囊胚形成。

Reproduction & fertility Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1530/RAF-23-0057

Rolando Pasquariello, Mingxiang Zhang, Jason R Herrick, Alison Ermisch, John Becker, William B Schoolcraft, Jennifer P Barfield, Ye Yuan, Rebecca L Krisher

{"title":"Lipid Enriched Reduced Nutrient Culture Medium Improves Bovine Blastocyst Formation.","authors":"Rolando Pasquariello, Mingxiang Zhang, Jason R Herrick, Alison Ermisch, John Becker, William B Schoolcraft, Jennifer P Barfield, Ye Yuan, Rebecca L Krisher","doi":"10.1530/RAF-23-0057","DOIUrl":"10.1530/RAF-23-0057","url":null,"abstract":"The refinement of embryo culture media is essential in improving embryo viability and in vitro production efficiency. Our previous work demonstrated that the nutrients (carbohydrates, amino acids, and vitamins) in traditional culture media far exceed the need for an embryo and producing developmentally competent embryos in a reduced nutrient environment is feasible. Here, we aim to evaluate the impact of exogenous lipid and L-carnitine supplementation on bovine blastocyst development and refine our RN condition further. Zygotes were cultured in the control medium (100% nutrients) and reduced nutrient media containing 6.25% of the standard nutrient concentrations supplemented with L-carnitine and lipid free or lipid rich BSA. Increased blastocyst development was observed in the reduced nutrient lipid rich medium compared to the other two groups. However, in both reduced nutrient conditions, blastocyst cell numbers were lower than those obtained in the control condition. We then examined the expression level of 18 transcripts correlated with lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, redox balance, and embryo quality, along with mitochondrial DNA copy numbers, ATP productions, and lipid profile. The results indicated lipid metabolism, embryo quality, and redox enzyme related genes were upregulated while glucose related gene was downregulated in embryos derived from reduced nutrient lipid rich condition Finally, we identified that the lipid rich BSA has enriched linoleic, stearic, oleic, palmitic, and alpha-linoleic fatty acids, a lipid profile that may contribute to the increased lipid metabolism and improved blastocyst development of the bovine embryos under the reduced nutrient condition.","PeriodicalId":101312,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction & fertility","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10762584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"A glimmer of hope" - Perceptions, barriers, and drivers for medicinal cannabis use amongst Australian and New Zealand people with endometriosis. “一线希望”——澳大利亚和新西兰子宫内膜异位症患者对药用大麻使用的看法、障碍和驱动因素。

Reproduction & fertility Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1530/RAF-23-0049

Justin Sinclair, Jason Abbott, Antonina Mikocka-Walus, Cecilia H M Ng, Jerome Sarris, Subhadra Evans, Mike Armour

{"title":"\"A glimmer of hope\" - Perceptions, barriers, and drivers for medicinal cannabis use amongst Australian and New Zealand people with endometriosis.","authors":"Justin Sinclair, Jason Abbott, Antonina Mikocka-Walus, Cecilia H M Ng, Jerome Sarris, Subhadra Evans, Mike Armour","doi":"10.1530/RAF-23-0049","DOIUrl":"10.1530/RAF-23-0049","url":null,"abstract":"Previous quantitative research has shown that cannabis use, mostly illicit, is used for symptom management amongst those with endometriosis living in Australia or New Zealand, but the drivers and barriers for use of legal, medicinal cannabis in this population are currently unclear. This study sought to investigate, via online focus-groups, the perceptions, barriers, drivers, and experiences associated with cannabis use, whether legal or illicit, amongst 37 Australians and New Zealanders, aged 18-55, with a medical diagnosis of endometriosis. Previous cannabis usage was not required to participate. Discussion topics included strategies employed to manage symptoms, exploration of current medications, previous use of cannabis for pain management, and interest in using medicinal cannabis as a management strategy. Participants with moderate to severe symptoms of medically diagnosed endometriosis reported inadequacies with their current medical and self-management strategies and were inclined to try medicinal cannabis, both as part of their medical management and as part of a clinical trial. Barriers to medicinal cannabis adoption identified in this cohort included high costs of legal cannabis products, lack of clarity and fairness in current roadside drug testing laws and workplace drug testing policies, concern over the impact of stigma affecting familial, social and workplace life domains, and subsequent judgement and the lack of education/engagement from their medical providers regarding cannabis use. Given the interest in medicinal cannabis and the reported lack of effective symptom management, clinical trials are urgently required to determine the potential role that medicinal cannabis may play in reducing the symptoms of endometriosis.","PeriodicalId":101312,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction & fertility","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10692678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49687309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reproduction in life and death: should cancer patients with a poor prognosis be offered fertility preservation interventions? 生与死中的生殖：是否应为预后不良的癌症患者提供生育保护干预措施？

Reproduction & fertility Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1530/RAF-23-0047

Georgina L Jones, Anne-Mariead Folan, Bob Phillips, Richard A Anderson, Jonathan Ives

{"title":"Reproduction in life and death: should cancer patients with a poor prognosis be offered fertility preservation interventions?","authors":"Georgina L Jones, Anne-Mariead Folan, Bob Phillips, Richard A Anderson, Jonathan Ives","doi":"10.1530/RAF-23-0047","DOIUrl":"10.1530/RAF-23-0047","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of a cancer diagnosis, fertility preservation interventions are used to mitigate the potential impact of gonadotoxic cancer treatment upon fertility. They provide patients with cancer the option to freeze their reproductive material to have their own biological child following treatment. The evidence suggests some clinicians are less likely to have fertility preservation discussions with patients who have an aggressive or metastatic cancer which has a poor prognosis. Although this is contrary to current policy recommendations, there is a lack of guidance relating to offering fertility preservation in the context of a poor prognosis to support clinicians. Controversy surrounds posthumous reproduction, and whether the wishes of the cancer patient, when living and deceased should take precedence over others' wellbeing. We consider the question of whether cancer patients with a poor prognosis should be offered FP from an ethics perspective. We structure the paper around key arguments to which multiple ethical principles might pertain, first establishing a central argument in favour of offering fertility preservation based on respect for autonomy, before exploring counterarguments. We conclude by proposing that a defeasible assumption should be adopted in favour of offering fertility preservation to all cancer patients who might benefit from it. It is important to recognise that patients could benefit from fertility preservation in many ways, and these are not limited to having a parenting experience. The burden of proof rests on the clinician in collaboration with their multi-disciplinary team, to show that there are good grounds for withholding the offer.","PeriodicalId":101312,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction & fertility","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10692684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49695835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 vaccine and its effect on sperm. 新冠肺炎疫苗及其对精子的影响。

Reproduction & fertility Pub Date : 2023-01-25 Print Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1530/RAF-22-0098

Rujittika Mungmunpuntipantip, Viroj Wiwanitkit

引用次数: 0

Matrix metalloproteinase-induced cervical extracellular matrix remodelling in pregnancy and cervical cancer. 妊娠和宫颈癌症中基质金属蛋白酶诱导的宫颈细胞外基质重塑。

Reproduction & fertility Pub Date : 2022-08-09 Print Date: 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1530/RAF-22-0015

Emmanuel Amabebe, Henry Ogidi, Dilly O Anumba

{"title":"Matrix metalloproteinase-induced cervical extracellular matrix remodelling in pregnancy and cervical cancer.","authors":"Emmanuel Amabebe, Henry Ogidi, Dilly O Anumba","doi":"10.1530/RAF-22-0015","DOIUrl":"10.1530/RAF-22-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The phenomenal extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling of the cervix that precedes the myometrial contraction of labour at term or preterm appears to share some common mechanisms with the occurrence, growth, invasion and metastasis of cervical carcinoma. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent endopeptidases that are pivotal to the complex extracellular tissue modulation that includes degradation, remodelling and exchange of ECM components, which contribute to homeostasis under normal physiological conditions such as cervical remodelling during pregnancy and puerperium. However, in cancer such as that of the uterine cervix, this extensive network of extracellular tissue modulation is altered leading to disrupted cell-cell and cell-basement membrane adhesion, abnormal tissue growth, neovascularization and metastasis that disrupt homeostasis. Cervical ECM remodelling during pregnancy and puerperium could be a physiological albeit benign neoplasm. In this review, we examined the pathophysiologic differences and similarities in the role of MMPs in cervical remodelling and cervical carcinoma.Lay summary: During pregnancy and childbirth, the cervix, which is the barrel-shaped lower portion of the womb that connects to the vagina, gradually softens, shortens and opens to allow birth of the baby. This process requires structural and biochemical changes in the cervix that are stimulated by enzymes known as matrix metalloproteinases. Interestingly, these enzymes also affect the structural and biochemical framework of the cervix during cervical cancer, although cervical cancers usually occur after infection by human papillomavirus. This review is intended to identify and explain the similarities and differences between the structural and chemical changes in the cervix during pregnancy and childbirth and the changes seen in cervical cancer.","PeriodicalId":101312,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction & fertility","volume":"3 3","pages":"R177-R191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9422233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71490855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Endometriosis in transmasculine individuals. 变性人子宫内膜异位症。

IF 2.8

Reproduction & fertility Pub Date : 2022-04-20 eCollection Date: 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1530/RAF-21-0096

Cecile A Ferrando

引用次数: 0

Did the NICE guideline for progesterone treatment of threatened miscarriage get it right? NICE关于黄体酮治疗先兆流产的指南正确吗？

Reproduction & fertility Pub Date : 2022-04-07 eCollection Date: 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1530/RAF-21-0122

W Colin Duncan

{"title":"Did the NICE guideline for progesterone treatment of threatened miscarriage get it right?","authors":"W Colin Duncan","doi":"10.1530/RAF-21-0122","DOIUrl":"10.1530/RAF-21-0122","url":null,"abstract":"In November 2021, NICE updated its clinical guideline that covers the management of threatened miscarriage in the first trimester. They recommended offering vaginal micronised progesterone twice daily until 16 completed weeks of pregnancy in those with a previous miscarriage. However, the duration of treatment is not evidence based. In the major clinical trial that informed the guideline, there was no benefit in starting progesterone after 9 weeks and the full effect of progesterone was present at 12 weeks of pregnancy. There are theoretical risks impacting offspring health in later life after maternal pharmaceutical progesterone treatment. As the effect of progesterone seems to be complete by 12 weeks of gestation, we should consider carefully whether to follow the guidance and treat up to 16 weeks of pregnancy.Lay summary: In November 2021, new guidelines were published about the management of bleeding in early pregnancy. If someone who has had a previous miscarriage starts bleeding, they should now be treated with progesterone as this slightly reduces the chance of miscarriage. The guideline says progesterone should be given if the pregnancy is in the womb, and potentially normal, until 16 weeks of pregnancy. However, in the big studies looking at progesterone's effect in reducing miscarriage the beneficial effects of progesterone were complete by 12 weeks of pregnancy. At that stage, it is the placenta and not the mother's ovary that makes the progesterone to support the pregnancy. We do not know the long-term effects of giving extra progesterone during pregnancy on the offspring. Some research has raised the possibility that there might be some adverse effects if progesterone is given for too long. Maybe the guidance should have suggested stopping at 12 weeks rather than 16 weeks of pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":101312,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction & fertility","volume":"3 2","pages":"C4-C6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9066946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71490853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0