AWWA water science最新文献_第7页

Cyanobacteria mitigation using low power ultrasound for gas vesicle collapse 利用低功率超声治疗囊泡塌陷减轻蓝藻感染

AWWA water science Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1002/aws2.1346

Zuzana Bohrerova, Yousuf Yousuf, Elizabeth Crafton-Nelson, Chin-Min Cheng, Christopher R. Weaver, Linda K. Weavers

{"title":"Cyanobacteria mitigation using low power ultrasound for gas vesicle collapse","authors":"Zuzana Bohrerova, Yousuf Yousuf, Elizabeth Crafton-Nelson, Chin-Min Cheng, Christopher R. Weaver, Linda K. Weavers","doi":"10.1002/aws2.1346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aws2.1346","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ability of a low-power ultrasound system to alter the physiology of cyanobacteria cells in controlled field applications was evaluated. <i>Serratia</i> sp., a model bacteria, and cyanobacteria collected from a bloom containing <i>Microcystis</i> sp. and <i>Aphanizomenon</i> sp., were placed in sound transparent containers and exposed to ultrasound in field studies. No observed changes in <i>Serratia</i> sp. and cyanobacteria gas vesicles between unexposed controls and ultrasound exposed samples were found. Cell viability and phycocyanin concentration for both model bacteria and environmental samples were not significantly affected. At the highest acoustic pressure measured (3.5 kPa), 1 m from the transducer, the acoustic pressures were over 100× lower than gas vesicle critical collapse pressures. Moreover, the ultrasound frequencies emitted are significantly lower than gas vesicle resonance frequencies. Therefore, consistent with pressure and frequency measurements, we found no evidence that gas vesicle collapse is the mechanism of ultrasound as a cyanobacteria mitigation strategy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101301,"journal":{"name":"AWWA water science","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aws2.1346","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50134329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pressure dependent analysis in premise plumbing system modeling 住宅管道系统建模中的压力相关分析

AWWA water science Pub Date : 2023-06-02 DOI: 10.1002/aws2.1344

Jonathan B. Burkhardt, John Minor, Feng Shang, William E. Platten III

{"title":"Pressure dependent analysis in premise plumbing system modeling","authors":"Jonathan B. Burkhardt, John Minor, Feng Shang, William E. Platten III","doi":"10.1002/aws2.1344","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aws2.1344","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Modeling premise plumbing systems requires accurate treatment of fixture-specific pressure and flow rate relationships. Each fixture in a building may experience different flow rates based on variable service pressure, its unique pressure-flow behavior, and demands throughout the building. Unique experimentally derived pressure-flow parameters for four faucets, a shower/tub fixture, and toilet were developed. The Water Network Tool for Resilience (WNTR) was also used to explore the impact of premise plumbing systems on water distribution systems through two simple skeletonization cases. Minimum pressures for nodes in water distribution system models that represent demand aggregated premise plumbing systems will likely be non-zero and must capture additional pressure drop or elevation differences at the building scale and associated components, such as water meters or backflow preventers. Results showed that flow rates are impacted by pressure in these systems in complex ways, and usage and system characteristics must be considered to be modeled accurately.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101301,"journal":{"name":"AWWA water science","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://awwa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aws2.1344","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9806668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of spray aeration on unregulated drinking water disinfection byproducts 喷雾曝气对非调节饮用水消毒副产物的影响

AWWA water science Pub Date : 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.1002/aws2.1341

Kathleen R. Beaudoin, Jeanne M. VanBriesen, David A. Dzombak

{"title":"Effect of spray aeration on unregulated drinking water disinfection byproducts","authors":"Kathleen R. Beaudoin, Jeanne M. VanBriesen, David A. Dzombak","doi":"10.1002/aws2.1341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aws2.1341","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Spray aeration is a comparatively low-cost option to reduce trihalomethane (THM) concentrations in distribution system storage. The effect of spray aeration on unregulated, toxic disinfection by-products was investigated in a bench-scale apparatus in closed-tank and open-tank experiments. In the closed-tank experiments, initially over 90% of THMs, trichloroacetonitrile, and chloropicrin were removed, while 36% of dihaloacetonitriles were removed. However, due to the buildup of concentrations in the tank headspace, removal rates for all compounds decreased significantly with time, falling to 44% removal of THMs, 76% removal of trichloroacetonitrile, and 58% removal of chloropicrin. Removal of dihaloacetonitriles decreased to zero. In the open-tank experiments, THM removal rates were high and did not decrease with time. Considering the results with open and closed tanks as approximate bounds for performance expected under real-world conditions in storage tanks, the findings suggest that spray aeration may not significantly reduce haloacetonitrile-related toxicity while halonitromethane-related toxicity may be reduced.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101301,"journal":{"name":"AWWA water science","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aws2.1341","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50141254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interlaboratory comparisons of cyanotoxin analysis by ELISA and LC–MS/MS 用ELISA和LC–MS/MS进行蓝藻毒素分析的实验室间比较

AWWA water science Pub Date : 2023-05-19 DOI: 10.1002/aws2.1342

Matthew D. Prescott, Ai Jia, Yingbo C. Guo, George D. Di Giovanni, Wei L. Li, Eduardo A. Garcia, Brett J. Vanderford, Andrew D. Eaton

{"title":"Interlaboratory comparisons of cyanotoxin analysis by ELISA and LC–MS/MS","authors":"Matthew D. Prescott, Ai Jia, Yingbo C. Guo, George D. Di Giovanni, Wei L. Li, Eduardo A. Garcia, Brett J. Vanderford, Andrew D. Eaton","doi":"10.1002/aws2.1342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aws2.1342","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two commonly used methods for cyanotoxin analysis are enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Two rounds of interlaboratory comparisons of ELISA and LC–MS/MS analyses were conducted with 12 participating laboratories to evaluate method performances in various matrices, including cyanobacterial bloom and drinking water samples. Fifteen cyanotoxins, including 12 microcystin variants, nodularin, anatoxin-a, and cylindrospermopsin were evaluated. The impact of sample matrices, preservatives, and quenching reagents was assessed, and no substantial effects were observed. Overall, comparable results were obtained among laboratories performing ELISA and LC–MS/MS analyses, respectively. ELISA results for fortified samples matched more closely with those from LC–MS/MS when microcystin cross-reactivities were considered, providing data 26% closer to theoretical values on average. This study demonstrates that understanding the effect of cross-reactivities when comparing ELISA and LC–MS/MS results and considering potential variabilities in commercial standards is important when interpreting data from these two methods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101301,"journal":{"name":"AWWA water science","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aws2.1342","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50137927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth and microcystin-related gene expression of Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806 氮磷对铜绿微囊藻PCC 7806生长及微囊藻毒素相关基因表达的影响

AWWA water science Pub Date : 2023-05-19 DOI: 10.1002/aws2.1343

Arash Jafarzadeh, Duc Phan, Vikram Kapoor

{"title":"Impact of nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth and microcystin-related gene expression of Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806","authors":"Arash Jafarzadeh, Duc Phan, Vikram Kapoor","doi":"10.1002/aws2.1343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aws2.1343","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have incurred numerous health problems through drinking water or exposure. A better understanding of the growth kinetics and toxin production under different environmental conditions will help develop tools for early-warning indicators for predicting HABs. Lab-scale experiments were performed with <i>Microcystis aeruginosa</i> PCC 7806 under varying N:P ratios and temperatures. We observed different growth behaviors for cultures growing at the three temperatures (20, 25, and 30°C). <i>M. aeruginosa</i> exhibited higher growth rates at higher N:P ratios during the incubation at 25 and 30°C. <i>Microcystis</i> 16S rRNA gene abundance correlated well with the cell growth parameters. Based on RT-qPCR data, the transcripts of <i>mcyA</i>, <i>mcyD</i>, and <i>mcyE</i> were occasionally detected with N:P of 76.86 showing highest detections of all gene transcripts. Intracellular microcystin (MC) production corresponded well with the presence of gene transcripts, while no extracellular MC was detected. These findings would provide valuable insights and beneficial guidance to further explore and predict the impacts of cyanobacterial blooms in freshwater systems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101301,"journal":{"name":"AWWA water science","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aws2.1343","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50137928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microcystins at the tap: A closer look at unregulated drinking water contaminants 水龙头上的微囊藻毒素：仔细观察不受监管的饮用水污染物

AWWA water science Pub Date : 2023-05-12 DOI: 10.1002/aws2.1337

Beckye Stanton, Amy Little, Lisa Miller, Gina Solomon, Sarah Ryan, Susan Paulukonis, Stefan Cajina

{"title":"Microcystins at the tap: A closer look at unregulated drinking water contaminants","authors":"Beckye Stanton, Amy Little, Lisa Miller, Gina Solomon, Sarah Ryan, Susan Paulukonis, Stefan Cajina","doi":"10.1002/aws2.1337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aws2.1337","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case study compared microcystins in tap water from 18 public water systems (PWSs) and 46 households with private intakes or nearshore wells (called self-supplied water systems [SSWS]) from Clear Lake, California during a major cyanobacterial bloom in 2021. Microcystin concentrations were below the US EPA health advisory (HA; 0.3 μg/L) for PWS with Clear Lake intakes and for SSWS drawing from wells. However, for SSWS with Clear Lake intakes (intake SSWS), 24 of 79 microcystin samples collected were at or above the HA (maximum 3.9 μg/L). Further, microscopy showed that 20 of 28 tap samples (post-treatment) from intake SSWS contained either cyanobacteria or algal cells. This demonstrates that robust multi-barrier treatment systems at PWS reliably removed microcystins, while the less sophisticated treatment systems at intake SSWS were compromised during a major cyanobacterial bloom. Intake SSWS should consider alternative sources of drinking water, including physically connecting to an adjacent PWS or drilling a well.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":101301,"journal":{"name":"AWWA water science","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aws2.1337","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50150029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Treatability of 18 taste and odor compounds in drinking water using oxidation 氧化法处理饮用水中18种味觉和气味化合物

AWWA water science Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.1002/aws2.1340

Susheera Pochiraju, Craig Adams, Christiane Hoppe-Jones, Samar Maalouf, Lauren Weinrich

引用次数: 0

A literature-engaged Delphi approach for water quality management in building water systems 建筑供水系统水质管理的德尔菲方法

AWWA water science Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.1002/aws2.1339

Md Rasheduzzaman, Rajveer Singh, Charles N. Haas, Mira S. Olson, Patrick L. Gurian

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of sequential dosing of potassium permanganate for microcystin-LR removal 高锰酸钾序贯给药去除微囊藻毒素LR的评价

AWWA water science Pub Date : 2023-04-26 DOI: 10.1002/aws2.1338

Maycee Hurd, Allison A. MacKay, Juliana R. Laszakovits

引用次数: 0

Management of point-of-use and point-of-entry for regulatory compliance: Survey of state administrators 管理法规遵从性的使用点和进入点：对州行政人员的调查

AWWA water science Pub Date : 2023-04-26 DOI: 10.1002/aws2.1335

Katherine Alfredo, Madelyn Wilson, Alan Roberson

{"title":"Management of point-of-use and point-of-entry for regulatory compliance: Survey of state administrators","authors":"Katherine Alfredo, Madelyn Wilson, Alan Roberson","doi":"10.1002/aws2.1335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aws2.1335","url":null,"abstract":"The USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) Lead and Copper Rule Revisions allow the use of distributed treatment approaches such as point‐of‐use (POU) and point‐of‐entry (POE) treatment for systems with 10,000 connections or less as a compliance strategy. However, this poses an opportunity for the USEPA to reevaluate system size recommendations for distributed treatment. The current research uses online surveys and semi‐structured interviews (SSIs) to highlight the general sentiment of state regulators managing POU/POE devices and inquiries. Analysis of the 43 survey responses and 13 SSIs revealed that most state regulators described systems of approximately 30–50 connections as the most successful. Resident cooperation, operation and maintenance, monitoring, and the actual implementation of distributed treatment approaches were repeatedly listed as the greatest concerns. As the use of distributed treatment continues to expand, the water sector must devote research efforts to quantitatively determining the drivers of success as well as highlighting clear indicators of potential failure.","PeriodicalId":101301,"journal":{"name":"AWWA water science","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aws2.1335","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50144429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1