Advances in clinical chemistry最新文献_第9页

Advances in clinical chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2023.05.003

Wei-Zheng Zhang

引用次数: 0

Advances in clinical chemistry patient-based real-time quality control (PBRTQC). 基于患者的临床化学实时质量控制(PBRTQC)研究进展

Advances in clinical chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2023.08.003

Mark A Cervinski, Andreas Bietenbeck, Alex Katayev, Tze Ping Loh, Huub H van Rossum, Tony Badrick

{"title":"Advances in clinical chemistry patient-based real-time quality control (PBRTQC).","authors":"Mark A Cervinski, Andreas Bietenbeck, Alex Katayev, Tze Ping Loh, Huub H van Rossum, Tony Badrick","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"Patient-Based Real-Time Quality Control involves monitoring an assay using patient samples rather than external material. If the patient population does not change, then a shift in the long-term assay population results represents the introduction of a change in the assay. The advantages of this approach are that the sample(s) are commutable, it is inexpensive, the rules are simple to interpret and there is virtually continuous monitoring of the assay. The disadvantages are that the laboratory needs to understand their patient population and how they may change during the day, week or year and the initial change of mindset required to adopt the system. The concept is not new, having been used since the 1960s and widely adopted on hematology analyzers in the mid-1970s. It was not widely used in clinical chemistry as there were other stable quality control materials available. However, the limitations of conventional quality control approaches have become more evident. There is a greater understanding of how to collect and use patient data in real time and a range of powerful algorithms which can identify changes in assays. There are more assays on more samples being run. There is also a greater interest in providing a theoretical basis for the validation and integration of these techniques into routine practice.","PeriodicalId":101297,"journal":{"name":"Advances in clinical chemistry","volume":"117 ","pages":"223-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measurement uncertainty. 测量不确定度。

Advances in clinical chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2023.06.001

Neda Milinković, Snežana Jovičić

{"title":"Measurement uncertainty.","authors":"Neda Milinković, Snežana Jovičić","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"Over time, the metrological concept of uncertainty in measurement has been very successfully integrated into laboratory sciences. For proper implementation, an understanding of specific metrology terminology and additional concepts such as metrology traceability and commutability is necessary. Although the original thinking about measurement uncertainty in laboratory medicine suggests the complexity of the concept, it basically refers to the result as the end product of the entire laboratory process. Although the data on measurement uncertainty can be expressed quantitatively, the basis of this concept is the continuous evaluation of all phases of the laboratory process. This means that laboratory experts should keep in mind that the extra-analytical phases (on which the uncertainty of the measurement results may depend the most) must be continuously monitored. The analytical phase can be \"held in check\" by established internal and external quality control processes. It is the internal/external quality control data that is used to calculate the numerical value of the measurement uncertainty of the measurement results. Although over time the awareness of laboratory experts regarding the concept of measurement uncertainty has increased, there are still many challenges that need to be followed, and the last one is how to achieve a balance between understanding, evaluation process and application of measurement uncertainty data of measurement results for complete and ultimate practical use.","PeriodicalId":101297,"journal":{"name":"Advances in clinical chemistry","volume":"116 ","pages":"277-317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49687134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predictive risk markers in alcoholism. 酒精中毒的预测风险标志物。

Advances in clinical chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2023.05.002

Onni Niemelä

{"title":"Predictive risk markers in alcoholism.","authors":"Onni Niemelä","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"The medical disorders of alcoholism rank among the leading public health problems worldwide and the need for predictive and prognostic risk markers for assessing alcohol use disorders (AUD) has been widely acknowledged. Early-phase detection of problem drinking and associated tissue toxicity are important prerequisites for timely initiations of appropriate treatments and improving patient's committing to the objective of reducing drinking. Recent advances in clinical chemistry have provided novel approaches for a specific detection of heavy drinking through assays of unique ethanol metabolites, phosphatidylethanol (PEth) or ethyl glucuronide (EtG). Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) measurements can be used to indicate severe alcohol problems. Hazardous drinking frequently manifests as heavy episodic drinking or in combinations with other unfavorable lifestyle factors, such as smoking, physical inactivity, poor diet or adiposity, which aggravate the metabolic consequences of alcohol intake in a supra-additive manner. Such interactions are also reflected in multiple disease outcomes and distinct abnormalities in biomarkers of liver function, inflammation and oxidative stress. Use of predictive biomarkers either alone or as part of specifically designed biological algorithms helps to predict both hepatic and extrahepatic morbidity in individuals with such risk factors. Novel approaches for assessing progression of fibrosis, a major determinant of prognosis in AUD, have also been made available. Predictive algorithms based on the combined use of biomarkers and clinical observations may prove to have a major impact on clinical decisions to detect AUD in early pre-symptomatic stages, stratify patients according to their substantially different disease risks and predict individual responses to treatment.","PeriodicalId":101297,"journal":{"name":"Advances in clinical chemistry","volume":"116 ","pages":"113-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49687136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Advances in preeclampsia testing. 子痫前期检测的进展。

Advances in clinical chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2023.08.004

Jessica J Miller, Victoria Higgins, Annie Ren, Samantha Logan, Paul M Yip, Lei Fu

{"title":"Advances in preeclampsia testing.","authors":"Jessica J Miller, Victoria Higgins, Annie Ren, Samantha Logan, Paul M Yip, Lei Fu","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"Preeclampsia is a multisystem hypertensive disorder and one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The clinical hallmarks such as hypertension and proteinuria, and additional laboratory tests currently available including liver enzyme testing, are neither specific nor sufficiently sensitive. Therefore, biomarkers for timely and accurate identification of patients at risk of developing preeclampsia are extremely valuable to improve patient outcomes and safety. In this chapter, we will first discuss the clinical characteristics of preeclampsia and current evidence of the role of angiogenic factors, such as placental growth factor (PlGF) and soluble FMS like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Second, we will review the clinical practice guidelines for preeclampsia diagnostic criteria and their recommendations on laboratory testing. Third, we will review the currently available PlGF and sFlt-1 assays in terms of their methodologies, analytical performance, and clinical diagnostic values. Finally, we will discuss the future research needs from both an analytical and clinical perspective.","PeriodicalId":101297,"journal":{"name":"Advances in clinical chemistry","volume":"117 ","pages":"103-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immunohematological testing and transfusion management of the prenatal patient. 产前患者的免疫血液学检测与输血管理。

Advances in clinical chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2023.08.002

NurJehan Quraishy, Suneeti Sapatnekar

{"title":"Immunohematological testing and transfusion management of the prenatal patient.","authors":"NurJehan Quraishy, Suneeti Sapatnekar","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"The primary indication for immunohematological testing in the prenatal patient is to detect and identify maternal red cell antibodies. If there are antibodies that are expected to hemolyze the fetus' red cells, their strength of reactivity must be tested, and the fetus' antigen status determined. After delivery, testing is performed to assess the extent of fetomaternal hemorrhage, as a large hemorrhage may require other therapeutic interventions. Another major role for immunohematological testing is to select blood components appropriately when intrauterine transfusion is required for fetal anemia resulting from maternal alloimmunization or some other cause. Supplementation with molecular methods has transformed the practice of immunohematology, particularly as it applies to typing for the D antigen of the Rh blood group system. Notwithstanding the advances in testing, close coordination and communication between the transfusion service and the obstetrics service are the foundation for ensuring the finest care for prenatal patients, and for new mothers and their infants. This review describes testing and transfusion practices for prenatal patients, using case presentations to highlight the management of selected immunohematological findings. It also includes a discussion of key patient management topics that are currently unresolved.","PeriodicalId":101297,"journal":{"name":"Advances in clinical chemistry","volume":"117 ","pages":"163-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biomarkers in psychiatric disorders. 精神疾病的生物标志物。

Advances in clinical chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2023.05.005

Jemmyson Romário de Jesus, Tatianny de Araujo Andrade, Eduardo Costa de Figueiredo

引用次数: 0

Phosphorylated tau in Alzheimer's disease. 阿尔茨海默病中磷酸化的tau。

Advances in clinical chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-09 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2023.05.001

Julia Telser, Kirsten Grossmann, Niklas Wohlwend, Lorenz Risch, Christoph H Saely, Philipp Werner

{"title":"Phosphorylated tau in Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Julia Telser, Kirsten Grossmann, Niklas Wohlwend, Lorenz Risch, Christoph H Saely, Philipp Werner","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"There is a need for blood biomarkers to detect individuals at different Alzheimer's disease (AD) stages because obtaining cerebrospinal fluid-based biomarkers is invasive and costly. Plasma phosphorylated tau proteins (p-tau) have shown potential as such biomarkers. This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines and aimed to determine whether quantification of plasma tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p-tau181), threonine 217 (p-tau217) and threonine 231 (p-tau231) is informative in the diagnosis of AD. All p-tau isoforms increase as a function of Aβ-accumulation and discriminate healthy individuals from those at preclinical AD stages with high accuracy. P-tau231 increases earliest, followed by p-tau181 and p-tau217. In advanced stages, all p-tau isoforms are associated with the clinical classification of AD and increase with disease severity, with the greatest increase seen for p-tau217. This is also reflected by a better correlation of p-tau217 with Aβ scans, whereas both, p-tau217 and p-tau181 correlated equally with tau scans. However, at the very advanced stages, p-tau181 begins to plateau, which may mirror the trajectory of the Aβ pathology and indicate an association with a more intermediate risk of AD. Across the AD continuum, the incremental increase in all biomarkers is associated with structural changes in widespread brain regions and underlying cognitive decline. Furthermore, all isoforms differentiate AD from non-AD neurodegenerative disorders, making them specific for AD. Incorporating p-tau181, p-tau217 and p-tau231 in clinical use requires further studies to examine ideal cut-points and harmonize assays.","PeriodicalId":101297,"journal":{"name":"Advances in clinical chemistry","volume":"116 ","pages":"31-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49687135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Viscoelastic Testing Methods. 粘弹性试验方法。

Advances in clinical chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2023.09.001

Timothy Carll

{"title":"Viscoelastic Testing Methods.","authors":"Timothy Carll","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"Viscoelastic testing methods examine the real-time formation of a clot in a whole blood sample, and include thromboelastography (TEG), rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM), and several other testing platforms. They allow for concurrent assessment of multiple aspects of clotting, including plasmatic coagulation factors, platelets, fibrinogen, and the fibrinolytic pathway. This testing is rapid and may be performed at the point-of-care, allowing for prompt identification of coagulopathies to guide focused and rational administration of blood products as well as the identification of anticoagulant effect. With recent industry progression towards user-friendly, cartridge-based, portable instruments, viscoelastic testing has emerged in the 21st century as a powerful tool to guide blood transfusions in the bleeding patient, and to identify and treat both bleeding and thrombotic conditions in many operative settings, including trauma surgery, liver transplant surgery, cardiac surgery, and obstetrics. In these settings, the use of transfusion algorithms guided by viscoelastic testing data has resulted in widespread improvements in patient blood management as well as modest improvements in select patient outcomes. To address the increasingly wide adoption of viscoelastic methods and the growing number of medical and laboratory personnel tasked with implementing, performing, and interpreting these methods, this chapter provides an overview of the history, physiology, and technology behind viscoelastic testing, as well as a practical review of its clinical utility and current evidence supporting its use. Also included is a review of testing limitations and the contextual role played by viscoelastic methods among all coagulation laboratory testing.","PeriodicalId":101297,"journal":{"name":"Advances in clinical chemistry","volume":"117 ","pages":"1-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lead poisoning: Clinical and laboratory considerations. 铅中毒:临床和实验室考虑。

Advances in clinical chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2023.08.001

Dustin Bunch, Amy L Pyle-Eilola

引用次数: 0