Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of Counterimmunoelectrophoresis in the Detection of Fungal Antibodies in Allergic Bronchopulmonary Mycoses1","authors":"S.K. Mehta,&nbsp;R.S. Sandhu","doi":"10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80060-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80060-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The allergic bronchopulmonary mycoses (ABPM) are characterized by dual antibody response which includes immediate Type I and delayed Type III Arthus reactions to fungal antigens. In such cases the demonstration of precipitins is of diagnostic importance. In the present study the efficacy of counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) has been compared with that of conventional agar gel double immunodiffusion technique (DID). Cases of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and candidiasis (ABPC) were diagnosed in a survey among patients with pulmonary diseases on the basis of positive clinical, radiological, mycological and immunological findings. Precipitating fungal antibodies were detected by CIE and DID techniques in 77 and 59 cases of ABPA and ABPC respectively. The former technique revealed double or multiple bands as against a single band observed in double immunodiffusion in a great majority of these cases. With CIE it was further possible to demonstrate the presence of precipitins in about 65 per cent of suspected cases of ABPM found otherwise negative in DID tests. The CIE has proved to be a more efficacious serodiagnostic procedure in allergic bronchopulmonary mycoses in which antibody levels are known to vary a great deal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101293,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie","volume":"247 4","pages":"Pages 537-542"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80060-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75476384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electron Microscopic Studies on the Development of Sarcocystis capracanis in Experimentally Infected Goats","authors":"Mary Aryeetey ,&nbsp;Heinz Mehlhorn ,&nbsp;Alfred Otto Heydorn","doi":"10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80061-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80061-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>On the 12th, 20th and 21st day after infecting goats orally with sporocysts of <em>S. capracanis</em> from the faeces of dogs which had been infected with raw meat containing <em>Sarcocystis</em> of naturally infected goats, mature schizonts were found in the cytoplasma of endothelial cells of the veins in the liver, spleen, kidney and brain. The nucleus of the young schizont increases markedly in size, forming several protrusions which tore away simultaneously giving rise to numerous merozoites. The schizonts were about 30 μm in size and retained their three-layered pellicle till the merozoites matured. After rupture the schizonts set the 6 μm long daughter cells free, which were distributed by means of the blood. Though degenerated schizonts were present in the brain, the cells around the parasitized cells showed no reaction. In muscles as well as in the brain the second phase of the asexual reproduction (cyst formation) took place. The merozoites first became spherical in parasitophorous vacuoles in parasitized cells. The unit membrane of the parasitophorous vacuole which formed the primary cyst wall developed protrusions which were mostly straight, giving the aspect of a thick, striated cyst wall. A secondary cyst wall was never formed according to light microscopical studies. In a single animal thin-walled cysts occurred, which probably belonged to a second <em>Sarcocystis</em> species. The protrusions of both cyst-types contained no filaments. Cyst maturation took about 1 month, so that on the 65 th day p.i. numerous infectious, banana-shaped merozoites (15 μm long) were still present as well as some metrocytes (12 μm long) which were constantly reproducing by endodyogeny.</p></div><div><p>Ziegen wurden mit Sporocysten aus dem Kot von Hunden, die mit rohem <em>Sarcocystis</em>-haltigen Fleisch einer natürlich infizierten Ziege gefüttert worden waren, oral infiziert. Sie wurden dann in bestimmten Zeitabständen getötet und Gewebeproben aus verschiedenen Organen für die licht- und elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchung entnommen.</p><p>Ausdifferenzierte Schizonten wurden am 12., 20. und 21.Tag p.i. in den Endothelzellen der Venen, der Leber, Milz und des Gehirns festgestellt. Bei jungen Schizonten wuchs der Kern zu einem vielgelappten Riesenkern, so daß nach einer simultanen Teilung nach dem Modus der vielfachen Endodyogenie zahlreiche Merozoiten in einem Schizonten entstanden. Die Merozoiten der etwa 30 μm großen Schizonten erreichten eine Länge von etwa 6 μm. Als Besonderheiten behielten die Schizonten ihre dreischichtige Pellikula, lagen stets direkt im Cytoplasma und waren nicht in einer parasitophoren Vakuole eingeschlossen. Die Nachbargewebe zeigten keine unmittelbaren Abwehrreaktionen, obwohl im Gehirn nicht selten degenerierte Schizonten beobachtet wurden. Nach der Ausdifferenzierung der Merozoiten platzten die Schizonten auf und die Merozoiten gelangten über die Blutbahn in verschiedene Muskelzelltypen und in das Gehirn wo etwa","PeriodicalId":101293,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie","volume":"247 4","pages":"Pages 543-556"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80061-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86410688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"I. Verzeichnis der in Band 247 enthaltenen Arbeiten","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80063-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80063-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101293,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie","volume":"247 4","pages":"Pages 563-567"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80063-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137197450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fermentation of 1,2-O-iso-propylidene-D-glucofuranose (“Monoacetone Glucose”) by Anaerobic Bacteria","authors":"Stefan H.W. Cmelik","doi":"10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80055-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80055-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Various species of <em>Clostridium</em>, <em>Bacteroides</em>, <em>Propionibacterium</em> and <em>Eubacterium</em> were incubated in a 1% solution of 1,2-0-iso-propylidene-D-glucofuranose in a peptone-yeast-extract (PY) medium according to the VPI-technique. The volatile and non volatile acids were investigated by gas-liquid chromatography. All microorganisms showed a pattern of VFA different from that one produced by the glucose containing medium. In most microorganisms the formation of acetic acid was suppressed while the production of propionic, butyric, valeric and iso-valeric acids was stimulated. The production of succinic acid was not affected. Simultaneous determination of monoacetone glucose and glucose in the culture medium showed that the glucose analogue is used to a lesser extent than glucose.</p></div><div><p>Verschiedene Arten von <em>Clostridium, Bacteroides</em>, <em>Propionibacterium</em> und <em>Eubacterium</em> wurden mit einer 1%igen Lösung von 1,2-0-iso-Propyliden-D-Glukofuranose („Monoaceton-Glukose“) in einer Pepton-Hefe-Extrakt (PY) enthaltenden Nährlösung, gemäß der VPI-Vorschriften, bebrütet. Die flüchtigen sowie die nicht flüchtigen Säuren wurden gas-chromatographisch untersucht. Die Chromatogramme dieser Mikroorganismen zeigten flüchtige Fettsäuren in anderen Verhältnissen als jene der in einer Glukose enthaltenden Nährlösung gezüchteten Mikroorganismen. Bei den meisten Mikroorganismen war die Bildung von Essigsäure unterdrückt, während die Produktion von höheren flüchtigen Fettsäuren erhöht war. Die Bildung von Bernsteinsäure wurde nicht beeinflußt. Eine gleichzeitige Bestimmung von Monoaceton-Glukose und Glukose in den inkubierten Nährlösungen zeigte, daß Monoaceton-Glukose nicht so stark wie Glukose abgebaut wird.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101293,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie","volume":"247 4","pages":"Pages 495-501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80055-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72994257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"II. Sachverzeichnis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80064-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80064-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101293,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie","volume":"247 4","pages":"Pages 568-572"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80064-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137197449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Thymidine for the Activity of Trimethoprim, Sulfonamides and their Combinations","authors":"Rudolf L. Then","doi":"10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80054-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80054-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thymidine levels in urines from 14 patients suffering from severe chronic urinary tract infection were determined microbiologically. The concentrations found were &lt; 10 ng/ml to 33 ng/ml and these do not seem to be any different from the concentrations determined in healthy persons. Results from growth kinetic experiments support the assumption of low thymidine levels in the urines of these patients and in most cases trimethoprim or co-trimoxazole were seen to act in a bactericidal manner in these urine samples. Various aspects of the role of exogenous and endogenous thymidine for the activity and bactericidal effect of trimethoprim, sulfonamides and their combinations, their mutual synergism, the importance of thymine auxotrophs, the problem of thymidine availability and its role in testing media are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101293,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie","volume":"247 4","pages":"Pages 483-494"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80054-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80922807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Some Biological Properties of Streptococcus salivarius Isolates from Infected Rats","authors":"Takashi Ooshima ,&nbsp;Hideaki Imanishi ,&nbsp;Shigeyuki Hamada","doi":"10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80050-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80050-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Isolation of colonies with altered colonial morphology was frequently observed following infection of specific pathogen-free rats fed a caries-inducing high sucrose diet with two human strains of <em>Streptococcus salivarius</em>. These isolates produced unique rough colonies on mitis salivarius agar, in contrast to the smooth, mucoid colonial morphology of the parental strain. The rough variants were characterized by a marked increase in the synthesis of polysaccharide from sucrose, especially cell-associated water-insoluble glucan, whereas the smooth parental strains mainly produced cell-free fructan. Glucose-grown cells of rough variants but not smooth parental strains were aggregated upon addition of sucrose. Such variants were not detected during laboratory transfers of the human strains of <em>S. sali- varius</em> nor by mutagenesis of the cultures.</p></div><div><p>Von spezifiziert pathogenfreien Ratten, die ein saccharosereiches, kariesinduzierendes Futter erhielten und mehrfach mit zwei humanen <em>Streptococcus salivarius-Stämmen</em> infiziert worden sind, ließen sich häufig Kolonien mit einer veränderten Morphologie isolieren. Diese Isolate bildeten ausgeprägte rauhe Kolonien auf Mitis-Salivarius-Agar im Gegensatz zu den glatten, mukoiden Kolonien des Ausgangsstammes. Die Rauhformen waren durch eine gesteigerte Polysaccharidsynthese gekennzeichnet, besonders von zellgebundenem wasserunlöslichem Glukan. Die Glattformen bildeten dagegen vorwiegend zellfreies Fruktan. In glukosehaltigen Medien gezüchtete Zellen der Rauformen wurden durch Zusatz von Saccharose aggregiert; bei den glatten Elternstämmen wurde diese Erscheinung dagegen nicht beobachtet. Derartige Varianten wurden weder nach mehrjährigen Überimpfungen im Laboratorium noch durch Mutagenese der Kulturen gefunden.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101293,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie","volume":"247 4","pages":"Pages 431-439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80050-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77040023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blutkulturen. Vergleichsuntersuchungen mit 7 bekannten und 2 neuen Nährmedien zum Nachweis von aeroben und anaeroben Mikroorganismen","authors":"M.A.-F. Abdou ,&nbsp;H. Stöckel","doi":"10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80056-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80056-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growth promoting properties of seven commercially manufactured and two recently developed culture media are compared according to a standardized method. The study is carried out alternately without and with the addition of 10% fresh human blood to the culture media. The carefully selected test strains include 20 species of bacteria and 2 species of yeasts which represent obligatory aerobic, facultative anaerobic and obligatory anaerobic microorganisms with quite different nutritional and atmospherical requirements.</p><p>The 9 tested media are good enough for the purpose of culturing nonfastidious bacteria. However, most of the commercially prepared media failed to detect small inocula of very fastidious microbial agents, especially when no blood is added. Collectively, thiol broth is the most noneffective medium. The last but one is thioglycollate medium. Three culture media based on brain heart infusion formula prove to be effective. Those are the commercial brain heart dextrose and the two media recently developed by the authors, namely brain heart dipeptone (BHD) and brain heart dipeptone cysteine (BHDC). BHD is the most suitable medium for the detection of obligatory aerobic and facultative anaerobic fastidious microorganisms. BHDC detects anaerobic fastidious bacteria quite effectively. The other media, namely Columbia, trypticase soy, trypticase soy sucrose, and Rosenow are of limited value with regard to the detection of small inocula of fastidious microorganisms. The causes of the unsatisfactory results with different commercial media are discussed in detail. The authors point out to the possible use of hypertonic media in special cases. Properties that should be fulfilled by blood culture media are proposed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101293,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie","volume":"247 4","pages":"Pages 502-516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80056-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88210866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Untersuchung von Stutenseren auf Antikörper gegen Acholeplasmen und Mykoplasmen mit dem Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)","authors":"Ahmed Mohamed Ammar ,&nbsp;Jan Heitmann ,&nbsp;Helga Kirchhoff","doi":"10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80057-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80057-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>After abortion sera were taken from 58 thoroughbred and other mares of the north- western part of Germany and investigated by ELISA (enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay) for antibodies against <em>Mycoplasma equirhinis</em>, <em>M. subdolum</em>, <em>M. equigenitalium</em>, <em>M. pulmonis</em>, <em>M. felis</em>, <em>Acholeplasma laidlawii</em>, <em>A. hippikon</em>, and <em>A. equifetale</em>. Reactions at serum dilutions of 1:32 and higher were considered as positive. At serum dilution 1:32 no antibodies were found in 11 sera. The remaining sera showed antibodies against one or more of the mycoplasma antigens investigated. The number of multiple reactions decreased with an increasing dilution of the sera. Titers were found between 1:32 and 1:256. In one case a titer of 1:2048 against <em>M. equigenitalium</em> antigen was found. Most often antibodies against <em>A.laidlawii</em> were observed, i.e. in 37 sera. These antibodies also showed the highest titers. Only 3 sera contained antibodies against <em>A. hippikon</em>. Antibodies against <em>M. felis</em> and <em>A. equifetale</em> were found in 26 sera. Between 10 and 15 sera showed antibodies against the remaining mycoplasma species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101293,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie","volume":"247 4","pages":"Pages 517-525"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80057-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85622277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host Influence on the Density of Chlamydiae in Renografin Gradients","authors":"Michael R. Neuman ,&nbsp;Nonna Kordovä,&nbsp;John C. Wilt","doi":"10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80058-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80058-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Egg-grown and L cell-grown <em>C. psittaci</em> 6BC strains formed two bands when centrifuged through preformed Renografin gradients. No additional bands were observed by extending the time of centrifugation. Particles present in the bands which were collected from the Renografin gradients were examined by electron microscopy. Purified elementary bodies from both egg- and L cell-grown sources were located in a lower, minor band; egg-derived elementary bodies showed a higher density (p &lt; 0.01) than elementary bodies derived from L cells. Particles present in the major, upper band of both egg- and L cell-derived strains had similar densities and contained mixed populations of elementary bodies and polymorphic reticulate bodies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101293,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie","volume":"247 4","pages":"Pages 526-529"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0172-5599(80)80058-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73026509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}