Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite Naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Allgemeine, Landwirtschaftliche und Technische Mikrobiologie最新文献

{"title":"Environmental Quality and Safety. In englicher. Sprache, Vol. 4, F. Coulston, F. Körte (Eds.). Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart (1975), 276 Seiten, 115 Abbildungen, 48 Tabellen. Preis: 64 DM. Vol. 5: 259 Seiten, 90 Abbildungen, 61 Tabellen, 1976. Preis: 68 DM","authors":"Förster","doi":"10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80012-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80012-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101292,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite Naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Allgemeine, Landwirtschaftliche und Technische Mikrobiologie","volume":"25 1","pages":"283-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83731443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple and Rapid Colorimetric Method for the Microdetermination of alpha Amylase","authors":"Rasmy M. Attia ,&nbsp;Samia A. Ali","doi":"10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80001-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80001-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new, simple, rapid micromethod for the determination of bacterial and fungal alpha amylase, in many different culture filtrations and enzyme preparations, is described.</p><p>One determination takes 5 min. It is based on the transmittance (T %) measurements of the enzymic reaction products. The results obtained fall generally within the acceptable limits of error.</p></div><div><p>Eine neue einfache Methode wird beschrieben. Für eine Bestimmung benötigt man 5 Minuten. Die Produkte der Enzymreaktion werden kolorimetrisch gemessen. Die Methode eignet sich für die Analyse von Kulturfiltraten sowie für Enzympräparate. Der analytische Fehler ist nicht größer als bei den klassischen Methoden.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101292,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite Naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Allgemeine, Landwirtschaftliche und Technische Mikrobiologie","volume":"132 3","pages":"Pages 193-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80001-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11617999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fusarium Wilt of Prunus armeniaca Seedlings","authors":"Ahmed Fouad Afifi","doi":"10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80061-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80061-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Fusarium solani</em> (Mart.) Sacc. was found to be the causal pathogen of Fusarium wilt of <em>Prunus armeniaca</em> seedlings. The fungus pathogenicity could be correlated with the increase in its mycelial growth and conidial germination under the influence of the host root exudates, volatile and gaseous exudates of either germinating seeds or roots, and the content of the host seedlings.</p><p>Chromatographic and biological detection for indol derivatives in host root exudates indicated the presence of β-indolacetic acid and indol-3-carbonic acid.</p><p>Benzaldehyde, acetaldehyde, ethanol, ethylene, in addition to carbon dioxide, were among the volatile and gaseous exudates of either germinating seeds or roots of the host.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101292,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite Naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Allgemeine, Landwirtschaftliche und Technische Mikrobiologie","volume":"132 2","pages":"Pages 184-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80061-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12063614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on Protein Production by Yeasts","authors":"S.A.Z. Mahmoud ,&nbsp;A.M. Abdel-Hafez,&nbsp;M. El-Sawy,&nbsp;E.M. Ramadan","doi":"10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80022-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80022-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A collection of yeast strains was isolated from different fresh fruits and foodstuffs. Isolates were purified and completely identified up to the species. The ninety isolated yeast strains were screened according to their yield and total nitrogen content, using molasses medium as an available cheap raw-material for yeast propagation.</p></div><div><p>Von verschiedenen frischen Obstsorten und Lebensmittelerzeugnissen wurden einige Hefestämme isoliert. Sie wurden gereinigt und bis zur Art hin untergliedert. Diese 90 Stämme wurden auf Myzelmasseproduktion und Gesamtstickstoffgehalt auf Melasse als billigem Nährsubstrat untersucht.</p><p>Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß Frisch- und Trockengewicht sowie N-Gehalt von Stamm zu Stamm variierten. 28 Stämme mit hohem Ertrag und Stickstoffgehalt wurden für weitere, Wachstumsrate und Fortpflanzungszeit betreffende Untersuchungen ausgewählt. Die meisten Hefestämme wiesen ein lineares Wachstum auf (von 6,2 × 10⁷/ bis 3,2 × 10⁸ Zellen/ml Kultur) und erzielten 151–422 mg Trockengewicht/100 ml Kultur nach einer Inkubationszeit von 10 bis 12 Stunden.</p><p><em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> (Gr. 104) übertraf mit einer Generationszeit von 1,90 Std. die anderen Stämme.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101292,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite Naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Allgemeine, Landwirtschaftliche und Technische Mikrobiologie","volume":"132 4","pages":"Pages 326-334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80022-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12094803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zur Veränderung wichtiger Phosphorbindungsformen in einem Sandlehm-Fleckenstaugley in Abhängigkeit von Düngung und Bearbeitung","authors":"Ingrid Förster","doi":"10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80095-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80095-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In a field experiment with modified fertilization and soil tilling on a sandy-loamy Sandlehm-Fleckenstaugley the resulting differences between important forms of phosphorus-binding were investigated after an experimental period of four years, in some cases after three years already. The content of total phosphorus, inorganic and organic-bound phosphorus, aluminium, iron, and calcium phosphates were examined.</p><p>With increasing phosphorus additions the content of total phosphorus increases as well, immaterial whether the additions Were made with inorganic or organic material. However, when the fertilization variants, treated with the same quantities of phosphorus in mineral or organic form, were compared with each other, it is evident that the organic material increased the total content somewhat more.</p><p>The content of organic-bound phosphorus was not changed by any measure of fertilization. By deep-ploughing the content was somewhat decreased, compared with shallow and normal ploughing. The changes in total content are caused by changes in the content of inorganic-bound phosphate.</p><p>The aluminium phosphate content increases with increasing fertilization by about twice the amount. Additions of the same quantities of phosphorus in mineral or organic form yield the same Al-phosphate content.</p><p>The iron phosphates are the most important inorganic phosphorus-binding form in this soil. Their contant increases with increasing fertilization, a distinct increase is evident with the highest amount of fertilizer.</p><p>Fertilization and cultivation measures had only slight influence on the calcium phosphates.</p><p>With reference to the content of these three phosphates, especially with Al- and Fe-phosphates, there are certain differences between the third and the fourth experimental year as far as the Alphosphates show higher content in the third and the Fe-phosphates in the fourth year. These shiftings take place quantitatively. Since these changes happened also without any fertilization, the rearrangements might have happened above all with the soil phosphates.</p><p>The content of lactate-soluble phosphates are, in the first place, connected with the content of Al- and Fe-phosphates, but hardly with the Ca-phosphates.</p><p>In an incubation experiment in accordance with the respiratory basic analysis according to Novák, the increased phosphorus demand of the micro-organisms, when supplied with glucose and nitrogen, was covered with Al-phosphates. These favourable nutritional conditions caused a certain increase of the Ca-phosphates as wall, possibly at the expense of the Al-phosphates.</p></div><div><p>In einem Freilandversuch mit Düngungs- und Bearbeitungsvarianten auf einem Sandlehm-Fleckenstaugley, Bodenart sandiger Lehm, wurde nach vier-, in einigen Fällen auch nach dreijähriger Versuchszeit den eingetretenen Differenzierungen zwischen wichtigen Phosphorbindungs-for men nachgegangen. Es wurden untersucht die Gehalte an Gesamt-","PeriodicalId":101292,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite Naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Allgemeine, Landwirtschaftliche und Technische Mikrobiologie","volume":"132 5","pages":"Pages 544-557"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80095-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73986240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"E. Fuchs","doi":"10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80100-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80100-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101292,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite Naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Allgemeine, Landwirtschaftliche und Technische Mikrobiologie","volume":"132 5","pages":"Page 612"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80100-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84246939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Einsatz von Bioziden zur Beeinflussung der Bodenmikroflora und deren Umsetzungen","authors":"Gisela Höflich","doi":"10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80035-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80035-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fungi are of precedent importance for the decomposition of straw in comparison with bacteria and actinomycetes. Several genera and species are able to replace one another. For the fungi, by biocides easier reduced than other kinds of organisms, an inhibition of the decomposition of straw by application of fungicides is possible. An unrestricted or promoted flora of bacteria is not able to replace a restricted flora of fungi. The decomposition of straw cannot be stopped completely.</p><p>Certain types of fungi locate in higher quantities as a result of the elimination of the competition by bacteria and in dependence on the used antibiotic. Then the special intensity of the decomposition of straw depends on the cellulase-activity of the in each case located fungi. In order to stop the decomposition of straw completely it is necessary to inhibit both the physiologically active bacteria (pseudomonads and bacteria) and the fungi for a longer period of time. Combinations of bactericides and fungicides can bring about synergistic decomposition retarding effects.</p><p>A persistent stimulation of the straw-decomposition by application of active substances was not successful.</p></div><div><p>Bei der Strohzersetzung kommt den Pilzen im Vergleich zu den Bakterien und Aktinomyceten eine vorrangige Bedeutung zu. Verschiedene Gattungen bzw. Arten können sich hier gegenseitig ersetzen. Da sich die Pilze durch Mikrobizide leichter als die anderen Organismengruppen reduzieren lassen, ist eine Hemmung des Strohabbaus durch Fungizideinsatz möglich. Eine ungehemmte bzw. geförderte Bakterienflora kann eine gehemmte Pilzflora nicht ersetzen. Bei Anwesenheit der Bakterien kann jedoch der Strohabbau auch nicht völlig unterbunden werden.</p><p>Nach einer selektiven Hemmung der Bakterien durch Antibiotika siedeln sich infolge ausgeschalteter Konkurrenz durch Bakterien und in Abhängigkeit vom eingesetzten Antibiotikum bestimmte Pilztypen stärker an. Die spezielle Intensität des Strohabbaus hängt dann von der Zellulaseaktivität der jeweils angesiedelten Pilze ab. Zur völligen Unterbindung des Strohabbaus ist es notwendig, neben den Pilzen auch die physiologisch aktiven Bakterien (z. B. Pseudomonaden und coryneformen Bakterien) längere Zeit zu hemmen. Kombinationen von Bakteriziden und Fungiziden können synergistische Abbauhemmeffekte bewirken.</p><p>Eine anhaltende Stimulierung der Strohzersetzung durch Wirkstoffeinsatz gelang bisher nicht.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101292,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite Naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Allgemeine, Landwirtschaftliche und Technische Mikrobiologie","volume":"132 1","pages":"Pages 67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80035-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87537735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nachweis der Wirkung einer KMg-Düngung auf den Stoffkreislauf von Kiefernbeständen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Zellulosetests","authors":"E. Uebel,&nbsp;H.J. Fiedler","doi":"10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80092-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80092-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The biological nutrient cycle was activated by applying KMg in relatively young and older pine stands growing in the plain of the GDR on former agricultural sandy soils with substrats from the Younger Pleistocene. Application of KMg stimulated tree growth and had a persistent effect on the microbiological processes of organic matter conversion in the A₀ horizon and in the humous mineral soil. The cellulose test proved to be suitable for assessing the formation and conversion processes of soil organic matter caused by fertilization as to their effect on soil fertility.</p></div><div><p>Auf vormals ackergenutzten jungpleistozänen Sandstandorten im Tiefland der DDR wurde der biologische Stoffkreislauf durch KMg-Düngung in jüngeren und älteren Kiefernbeständen aktiviert. KMg-Düngungen erhöhten das Baumwachstum und förderten nachhaltig die mikrobiologischen Stoffumsetzungsprozesse im Auflagehumus und humosen Mineralboden. Der Zellulosetest erwies sich als geeignet, die durch die Düngung ausgelösten Stoffbildungs- und Stoffumwandlungsprozesse hinsichtlich ihrer Wirkung auf die Bodenfruchtbarkeit zu beurteilen.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101292,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite Naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Allgemeine, Landwirtschaftliche und Technische Mikrobiologie","volume":"132 5","pages":"Pages 515-531"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80092-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88438239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"Eva Ritzau","doi":"10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80063-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80063-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101292,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite Naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Allgemeine, Landwirtschaftliche und Technische Mikrobiologie","volume":"132 2","pages":"Pages 189-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80063-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114097578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Namen- und Sachverzeichnis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80074-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80074-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101292,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite Naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung: Allgemeine, Landwirtschaftliche und Technische Mikrobiologie","volume":"132 8","pages":"Pages VIII-X"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0044-4057(77)80074-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137282720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}