Water-Energy Nexus最新文献

{"title":"Effect of operating variables on CO2 adsorption capacity of activated carbon, kaolinite, and activated carbon - kaolinite composite adsorbent","authors":"S. O. Akpasi, Y. Isa","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2022.08.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wen.2022.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75634248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying and analysing water trade-offs in the water-energy-food nexus: The case of Ghana","authors":"Emmanuel K. Opoku ,&nbsp;Kwaku A. Adjei ,&nbsp;Charles Gyamfi ,&nbsp;Christopher Vuu ,&nbsp;Emmanuel K. Appiah-Adjei ,&nbsp;Samuel N. Odai ,&nbsp;Ebenezer K. Siabi","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2022.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2022.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water, Energy and Food (WEF) are inextricably linked, and the Water-Energy-Food nexus (WEF nexus) provides a comprehensive framework for addressing the complex and intricate interconnections in the development of these invaluable resources. Quantifying the interconnections among energy, water, and food sectors is a preliminary step to integrated WEF systems modelling, which will further contribute to robust WEF security management. However, the use of the WEF nexus concepts and approaches to systematically evaluate WEF interlinkages and support the development of socially and politically relevant resource policies in Ghana has been limited. This study sets the pace in the development of WEF nexus research in Ghana to facilitate policy and decision-making in the WEF sectors in the country. The study aimed at quantifying the existing water trade-offs in the WEF nexus and also modelling the trade-offs, considering basic development scenarios. The water intensities of food production and energy generation in Ghana were found to be 990 m³/tonne and 2.05 m³/kWh, respectively. Scenario analysis was done to project future annual water requirements for food production, energy generation as well as socio-domestic WEF demands based on two possible development scenarios. The analysis predicts that with business as usual, the annual water requirements for food production and energy generation as well as domestic sustenance in Ghana would increase by 34% in 2030. However, technological advancements and innovation in the energy and food sectors could reduce annual water requirements by over 26% even when 100% access to electricity is achieved nationwide.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Pages 8-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912522000017/pdfft?md5=993c979e630bbe627e75be4a498b09a9&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912522000017-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86154581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical simulations of lateral input effect in an open channel to reduce disturbances in the mainstream channel using CFD","authors":"Ali Jebelli ,&nbsp;Arezoo Mahabadi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Saeid Zare ,&nbsp;Rafiq Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2022.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wen.2022.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Today, open channel structure is widely used in agricultural irrigation systems, fish breeding ponds, water purification or transfer systems, and streams. The biggest challenge when designing an open channel is to determine the overall shape of the channel and the connections and proper placement of the inlets and outlets so that the least turbulence and eddies are created in the channel in order to avoid issues such as increasing channel erosion, pressure on the walls, the creation of sludge and sewage due to stagnation of water in the canal, the reduction of water quality, the increase of polluting particles in the water, or even the breakage and deformation of the canal. In addition, parameters such as temperature, particle concentration, pressure, water level, etc. can be controlled inside the channel and are uniform along the channel path. The longer the channel and the more bends it has, the more difficult it is to place the branches. In this research, the uniform flow of fluid inside a channel with a 90° bend has been simulated, and its effective factors have also been studied. By adding lateral branches such to be widely used in various industries, it was proved that could be reduced, the circulation and disturbances generated by inflow by editing the shape of inlets and branches. The effects of circulation reduction on water flow after the bend were assessed and simulated. The flow simulation inside the channel was calculated with computational fluid dynamics; needless to mention that the channel flow had been assumed to be incompressible unsteady, and two-phase. Moreover, the flow was simulated based on the Naiver-Stokes equation and Re Normalization Group (RNG) model. The results showed that increasing the number of system inlets (meantime keeping the inflow and velocity of the inlet fluid constant) and the proper arrangement of each inlet greatly reduces the amount of turbulence in the flow at the inlet; in this case, the water flow gets uniform in a shorter path, and time period; as a result, the effects of sub-branches on the main channel would be negligible.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Pages 39-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912522000042/pdfft?md5=9ebf6cb23369014ed76b87b1b7904936&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912522000042-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72218398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greywater characterization of an Indian household and potential treatment for reuse","authors":"Pravin D. Patil ,&nbsp;Vivek P. Bhange ,&nbsp;Soniya S. Shende ,&nbsp;Parnavi S. Ghorpade","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2021.12.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wen.2021.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Inadequate water supplies recall the environmental values of recovery and reuse of limited resources. One of the exciting opportunities in these circumstances is Grey water. Wastewater generated from household activities like bathing, kitchen sinks, washbasins, and laundry is classified as greywater. Inventing a pilot-scale greywater treatment system that treats in-house generated greywater and makes it reusable by assisting the untapped potential of physical methods of greywater purification was the main aim of this study. The study results from greywater samples' characterization from various sources in an Indian middle-class single household with four residents for six months. Moreover, the designing and analyzing of a treatment system applied to treat this in-house generated greywater was conducted. A filtration system with different filter layers was designed. It was found to have a chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency of 85.98%, biochemical oxygen demand removal efficiency of 86.28%, and total suspended solids removal efficiency of 94.44%. The filter system designed in this study describes improved removal efficiency in all respects and gives an idea of the reusability of in-house treated greywater. The study concludes that greywater can be recycled and reused for toilet flushing, gardening, car washing, and firefighting. This practice can also lead to a significant reduction in the consumption of freshwater.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912521000394/pdfft?md5=dee237a0f9c07c9827fb1bb6fe97e35f&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912521000394-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72218326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indirect effects of Covid-19 on water quality","authors":"Taqi Raza ,&nbsp;Muhammad Shehzad ,&nbsp;Muhammad Farhan Qadir ,&nbsp;Hafiz Abdul Kareem ,&nbsp;Neal S. Eash ,&nbsp;Mika Sillanpaa ,&nbsp;Khalid Rehman Hakeem","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2022.10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wen.2022.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The provision of safe water and functioning waste management play key roles in preventing and combatting disease outbreaks such as the Covid-19 pandemic. Good water quality is needed for effective hygiene measures like washing hands as well as for lowering pathogen transmission. Almost all over the world, especially in developing countries, water is vulnerable and at high risk and surging insecurity with time. Effective water management, sanitation, and hygiene help to protect lives during the global COVID-19 pandemic. While sanitation and hygiene also disturb the quality and increase water consumption per capita to 40% comparatively and wastewater production in many developing countries. This rapid increase in water consumption puts direct pressure on water reservoirs and inadequate management of wastewater is also a serious threat to waterways, nowadays. Similarly, the quality of water bodies is significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, but the risk of transmission of COVID-19 through sewerage systems is recorded as low. Hence, the current review paper aims to highlight the main concerns directly linked with the frequent usage of detergents/soaps and alcohol-based hand sanitizers on water quality and the post-pandemic handwashing habits to overcome the COVID-19 spread also threatening the water reserve reservoirs via water high consumption along with more wastewater production with less water reuse efficiency and collectively the pressure on drinking water facilities. This review also focuses on the indirect influence of COVID-19 on water quality through technical interventions among COVID-19, water pollution; soaps/detergents, and hand sanitizer and the complete water management plan for water security and safety from policymakers to end users after the viral revolution briefly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Pages 29-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912522000030/pdfft?md5=51ac85a05841dd83360b4c159fd760be&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912522000030-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72218395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of operating variables on CO2 adsorption capacity of activated carbon, kaolinite, and activated carbon – kaolinite composite adsorbent","authors":"Stephen Okiemute Akpasi ,&nbsp;Yusuf Makarfi Isa","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2022.08.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wen.2022.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Global climate change is currently a major problem and is thought to be due to high levels of CO₂ and other greenhouse gases. Several technologies have been built to lower CO₂ emissions. Adsorption, a promising technology for CO₂ capture, is among these technologies. In addition to adsorbent development, it is essential to determine the influence of operating variables on developed materials. Therefore, in this study, an activated carbon (AC), kaolinite (KAO) and kaolinite-activated carbon (KAC) composite adsorbent characterized was evaluated for CO₂ adsorption. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of operating variables on the CO₂ adsorption capacity of each adsorbent (activated carbon, kaolinite, and kaolinite – activated carbon composite) and select the most suitable to serve as the solid anchor in the production of a hydrophobic adsorbent material for CO₂ capture. Then, Scanning Electron Microscopy, N₂ physisorption and Fourier Transform Infrared were tested for the morphology, surface area and functional groups of the adsorbents, respectively. The CO₂ adsorption capacity of the adsorbents was measured using a custom-built 1.0 cm internal diameter adsorption column at of 30 to 70 mL/min bed height, of 3 to 5 cm operating temperature, and of 30 to 70 °C and CO₂ feed flow rates. The maximum amounts of AC, KAC and KAO CO₂ adsorbed to were found to be 28.97 mg CO₂/g, 18.54 mg CO₂/g and 12.98 mg CO₂/g, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Pages 21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912522000029/pdfft?md5=3c50805bd211daac6f828318e372f972&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912522000029-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72288258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greywater Characterization of an Indian Household and Potential Treatment for Reuse","authors":"P. Patil, V. P. Bhange, Soniya S. Shende, Parnavi S. Ghorpade","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2021.12.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wen.2021.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83324637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developments in the microbial desalination cell technology: A review","authors":"Abubakari Zarouk Imoro ,&nbsp;Moses Mensah ,&nbsp;Richard Buamah","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2021.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2021.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Microbial Desalination Cell (MDC) is a technology proposed to either support or replace conventional desalination technologies. This technology allows the simultaneous treatment of wastewater, electricity generation and desalination. These abilities of the MDC technology fit it into the water energy nexus matrix. Also considering the wastewater, electricity generation and desalination abilities of the MDC technology it can be stated that, it has the potential to contribute to the realization of the sustainable developments goals six and seven. Since its introduction in 2009, the MDC technology has evolved quickly in designs and in uses but is faced with a number of problems too. This review discusses the major developments in the MDC technology considering what the MDC technology is about, its diverse uses, the achievements of the technology and the problems the technology is confronted with. Also, a future perspective on how the technology will develop is discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"4 ","pages":"Pages 76-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wen.2021.04.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84234895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prioritization of potential soil erosion susceptibility region using fuzzy logic and analytical hierarchy process, upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia","authors":"Berhanu G. Sinshaw ,&nbsp;Abreham M. Belete ,&nbsp;Agumase K. Tefera ,&nbsp;Abebe Birara Dessie ,&nbsp;Belay B. Bizuneh ,&nbsp;Habtamu T. Alem ,&nbsp;Simir B. Atanaw ,&nbsp;Daniel G. Eshete ,&nbsp;Tsegaye G. Wubetu ,&nbsp;Haimanot B. Atinkut ,&nbsp;Mamaru A. Moges","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2021.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2021.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil erosion poses a global threat to soil loss, agricultural land deterioration, and crop yield decreases. This paper accounts for the establishment of sustainable land planning, and methods for evaluating soil erosion rates. The study was conducted based on the system complex analysis to prioritize soil erosion in Ribb watershed to improve soil and water conservation planning. Several geographical-environmental factors affecting soil erosion (land use, soil, slope, SPI, TWI, river Proximity, curvature, aspect) considered to assess potential soil erosion risk. The information levels were focused on expert experience, and the dynamic decision-making process built in a network framework. The weights for each layer were computed by R Studio fuzzy AHP package. The map of soil erosion susceptibility was developed by combining layers in a platform based on their weights and means of erosion-related incidents in regional surveys. Hence, the soil erosion map's overall results showed very high, high, moderate, low, and very low vulnerability to erosion with areal coverage of 13.4 %, 27.93 %, 32.74 %, 17.42 %, and 8.5 %, respectively. The susceptibility map demonstrates that high soil erosion sensitive areas with Fuzzy and AHP respectively cover 11.05 % and 15.75 %. The study indicates that priority should be given to high and very high erosion-prone areas in Rib watershed to adapt to climate change and control sedimentation problems in the Rib reservoir and Lake Tana.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"4 ","pages":"Pages 10-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wen.2021.01.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76191412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An ultrasound-assisted process for the optimization of biodiesel production from waste cottonseed cooking oil using response surface methodology","authors":"Suvik Oza ,&nbsp;Nirav Prajapati ,&nbsp;Pravin Kodgire ,&nbsp;Surendra Singh Kachhwaha","doi":"10.1016/j.wen.2021.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wen.2021.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biodiesel is a promising option instead of fossil energy, particularly when non-edible feedstocks are utilized in the production process. To limit the environmental effects of biodiesel production, the production method should be properly chosen and the process variables should be optimized. Ultrasound-based biodiesel synthesis using waste cottonseed cooking oil (WCCO) is significant process. It requires less reaction time and is a highly energy-efficient process. This work focused on a comparison and analysis of optimization results using response surface methodology (RSM) based box-behnken design (BBD) and full factorial design (FFD) methods for a biodiesel production from waste cottonseed cooking oil (WCCO) catalyzed by KOH via an ultrasound (US) based transesterification process and also described the benefits to the environment caused by ultrasound method for producing biodiesel. For optimization of the biodiesel yield following parameters are considered: methyl alcohol: oil ratio (molar ratio) (A), KOH wt % (B), process temperature (C) and found to be methyl alcohol: oil molar ratio: 6:1, KOH wt %: 0.50% reaction temperature: 50 °C, with the process biodiesel yield: 98%. Quadratic polynomial equations are obtained by analyzing experimental values for transesterification reaction. The impact of these parameters on biodiesel yield is inspected and analyzed by different plots. The process variables optimized for biodiesel yield were in a good match for BBD and FFD method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101279,"journal":{"name":"Water-Energy Nexus","volume":"4 ","pages":"Pages 187-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588912521000230/pdfft?md5=187ce8a54f221f8a3fe4d54f0eb006af&pid=1-s2.0-S2588912521000230-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79702377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}