{"title":"Transforming mechanically recycled cotton and linen from post-consumer textiles into quality ring yarns and knitted fabrics","authors":"Susanna Raiskio , Aravin Periyasamy , Michael Hummel , Pirjo Heikkilä","doi":"10.1016/j.wmb.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wmb.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fibre mechanical recycling is an efficient strategy to turn non-reusable post-consumer textiles into new textile products with a minimal environmental impact. It helps reduce the need for primary raw materials and prevents the incineration or landfill disposal of textile waste. To foster textile circularity, it is essential to use these recycled fibres as secondary raw materials for textiles. The focus of our study was, therefore, to create quality yarns for making knitted fabrics for long-lasting garments. In this study, mechanically recycled post-consumer cotton and linen were ring-spun into yarns. Recycled cotton (rCO) was blended with virgin cotton (CO) in ratios of 30/70, 50/50, and 70/30, and with virgin viscose (CV) at a 50/50 ratio. Recycled linen (rLI) was blended with virgin viscose in ratios of 30/70 and 50/50. The yarn appearance, breaking tenacity, and elongation were evaluated and compared to virgin viscose and cotton yarns. The knitting performance of rCO/CO 50/50 yarn and reference 100 CO yarn was assessed by knitting different knit structures and pattern designs using a flatbed knitting machine. Additionally, the abrasion resistance of the two yarns knitted into single jersey fabric was tested using the Martindale method, and the samples were inspected using scanning electron microscopy. Increasing recycled cotton and linen content in ring-spun yarns decreased yarn strength and increased the uneven appearance. In addition, the rCO/CO jersey fabric showed higher wear under abrasion than the reference 100 CO fabric. The knit structure and pattern design had a central influence on knittability and fabric appearance when using yarn containing recycled fibres. Therefore, these factors should be considered to promote the use of recycled fibres for creating long-lasting textile products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101276,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management Bulletin","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 76-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H.U. Modekwe , I.M. Ramatsa , M.A. Mamo , O.O. Sadare , M.O. Daramola , K. Moothi
{"title":"Heavy metals removal from mine wastewater using polysulfone membrane infused with waste plastic-derived carbon nanotubes as filler","authors":"H.U. Modekwe , I.M. Ramatsa , M.A. Mamo , O.O. Sadare , M.O. Daramola , K. Moothi","doi":"10.1016/j.wmb.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wmb.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study focuses on “treating waste with waste” through the removal of toxic metals from gold mine wastewater using polysulfone (PSF) membrane infused with waste plastic derived-multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) as an innovative approach. MWCNTs synthesized from waste polypropylene (PP) plastics by the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method were purified in oxidizing acid, and different loadings (0, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 wt%) were incorporated into the PSF membrane to form mixed matrix membranes (MMM) via phase inversion technique. Fabricated pristine and nanocomposite membranes’ properties: hydrophilicity, thermal stability, and morphology, were ascertained by the water contact angle measurement, thermogravimetry analysis, and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Results show that incorporating plastic-derived-MWCNTs into the matrices of PSF polymer significantly enhanced the properties of all fabricated MWCNTs/PSF nanocomposite membranes compared to pristine PSF. The flux and rejection of metals increased with MWCNTs loading. Iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni) removal by pristine PSF were 70.2% and 11.4%, respectively, while optimal Fe and Ni rejection of 91% and 74%, respectively, were obtained with 0.10 wt% MWCNT loading. The results obtained in this work revealed that incorporating different loadings of plastic-derived-MWCNTs onto the PSF polymer matrix impacted its surface properties, and improved flux, and removal efficiency. Therefore, utilizing waste plastics as a precursor in CNTs production will save on the cost of CNTs and provide a sustainable plastic waste management option, as well as open up vast prospects at the industrial scale in the potential for application in environmental remediation (such as in membrane separation).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101276,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management Bulletin","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 39-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Elucidating the potential of non-edible milkweed seed oil for biodiesel production using green pod-derived nano-catalysts","authors":"Kanwal , Okezie Emmanuel , Rozina , Ubani Micheal , Muhammad Zafar","doi":"10.1016/j.wmb.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wmb.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing the dual challenges of greenhouse gas emissions and fossil fuel depletion requires sustainable and cost-effective energy solutions. This study investigates biodiesel production from non-edible <em>Calotropis gigantea</em> L. seed oil using a novel copper oxide (CuO) nano-catalyst synthesized from the green pods of <em>C. gigantea</em>. CuO nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Optimal biodiesel production conditions were achieved at a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 9:1, reaction temperature of 80 °C, reaction time of 105 min, and catalyst loading of 0.74 wt%, resulting in a 90 % yield. The synthesized biodiesel was characterized through FT-IR spectroscopy, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Physicochemical analysis demonstrated compliance with both European (EN 14214) and American (ASTM D 6751) biodiesel standards, exhibiting favorable properties including density (0.792 kg/L), acid value (0.34 mg KOH/g), kinematic viscosity (6 mm<sup>2</sup>/s), flash point (91 °C), cloud point (−10 °C), pour point (−8 °C), and minimal sulphur content (0.00097 wt%). These findings establish the viability of converting toxic, non-edible <em>C. gigantea</em> seeds into high-quality biodiesel, presenting a promising pathway toward sustainable energy production while potentially fostering regional socioeconomic development through valorization of agricultural waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101276,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management Bulletin","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 27-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saifullahi Shehu Imam , Sadiq Sani , Muhammad Mujahid , Rohana Adnan
{"title":"Valuable resources recovery from palm oil mill effluent (POME): A short review on sustainable wealth reclamation","authors":"Saifullahi Shehu Imam , Sadiq Sani , Muhammad Mujahid , Rohana Adnan","doi":"10.1016/j.wmb.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wmb.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a substantial by-product generated in the palm oil industry that has traditionally been regarded as waste due to its high pollutant content. However, recent advances emphasize the possibility of recovering valuable resources from POME, which would contribute to environmental sustainability and economic benefits. This made POME treatment the subject of numerous investigations. Various methods, mostly biological, have evolved over the past few years for the successful valorization of POME to produce useful resources including biofuels (biohydrogen, biogas, bioacetone, biobutanol, bioethanol, biohythane etc.), value-added chemicals (enzymes, volatile fatty acids, citric acid, carotenes, lipids etc.), nutrients (micronutrients, macronutrients), pesticides, solvents, and adsorbents. The current review’s objective is to summarize the possible approaches for conversion of POME waste to wealth with some outlooks. By transforming waste into valuable resources, the palm oil sector can improve its sustainability, minimize environmental footprints, and establish new revenue streams.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101276,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management Bulletin","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of the potential of oily sludge char for removing organics from petroleum refinery wastewater","authors":"Deborah Cristina Crominski da Silva Medeiros , Muhammad Usman , Pamela Chelme-Ayala , Suhur Saeed , Ismail Al-Shaikh , Asfaw Bekele , Mohamed Gamal El-Din","doi":"10.1016/j.wmb.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wmb.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oil sludge (OS), a by-product of petroleum refinery (PR) waste, contains various toxic organic and inorganic compounds. Improper handling of OS poses serious environmental risks, highlighting the need for an effective and sustainable solution to mitigate these hazards and transform OS into a valuable product. This study converted OS into char-(OSC), including both pristine-OSC and ZnCl<sub>2</sub>-activated-OSC, for the removal of organic pollutants from refinery wastewater (WW) with a high COD concentration (89,233 mg/L). ZnCl<sub>2</sub>-activated-OSC produced at 400 °C (SB-Zn-400) showed superior adsorption capacity compared to pristine-OSC, due to enhanced oxygen-containing functional groups, crystallinity, thermostability, and superior degradation (OS). The adsorption process demonstrated rapid COD removal, reaching equilibrium within 2 h and achieving a 28 % reduction in COD. The adsorption capacity was found to be 420.5 mg-COD/g-OSC. SB-Zn-400 exhibited heterogeneous surface properties and supported multi-layer adsorption, with hydrogen-bonding and π–π interactions likely adsorption mechanisms. Moreover, the total concentration of organic compounds in PR-WW was >2700 mg/L, and SB-Zn-400 reduced this concentration to 34 mg/L, achieving >98 % removal. Although the adsorption treatment reduced the inorganic parameters of PR-WW, leaching of Mn, Ni, and Zn was observed, likely due to the nature of OS and the ZnCl<sub>2</sub>-activation process. Thermal regeneration of spent SB-Zn-400 allowed the reuse of OSC, with adsorption efficiency remaining higher than that of pristine-OSC, indicating that SB-Zn-400 has potential to be reused. These findings highlight the effectiveness of OSC in treating PR-WW, supporting a circular economy approach to enhance resource efficiency and minimize the environmental impact of OS from PR industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101276,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management Bulletin","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 17-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A literature review on green supply chain management for sustainable sourcing and distribution","authors":"Dharmendra Hariyani , Poonam Hariyani , Sanjeev Mishra , Milind Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.wmb.2024.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wmb.2024.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to increasing environmental awareness and legislation, green supply chain management (GSCM) is essential for organizations. Despite significant research on GSCM principles, there is limited clarity on their specific application to sustainable sourcing and distribution. The research aims to clarify the core principles of GSCM, differentiate sustainable sourcing and distribution concepts, evaluate theoretical frameworks guiding GSCM practices, investigate recent innovations, and identify challenges and barriers to GSCM. This review explores GSCM with a focus on sustainable sourcing and distribution by utilizing the Scopus database. The database is searched from Jan 17th, 2024 to August 25th, 2024. By employing Title-ABS-Key (“green supply chain management” and “sustainable sourcing” or “sustainable distribution” or “framework” or “model” or “innovation” or “challenges” or “barriers”) search, the review includes 266 papers from period 1997 to 2024. The review delves into key theoretical frameworks such as the triple bottom line, stakeholder theory, and resource-based view, etc. and discusses their application in the context of GSCM. Findings show that (i) technological advancements like blockchain, IoT, AI, and big data analytics enhance transparency, optimize logistics, and reduce environmental impact, (ii) material innovations viz. bioplastics and recycled resources promote a circular economy and resource conservation, and (iii) supplier engagement through training, incentives, and collaboration foster sustainable practices. For green distribution, eco-friendly packaging, green transportation, and energy-efficient warehousing are important. The review also illustrates the best practices for the GSCM. The paper also addresses challenges including financial barriers, technological limitations, regulatory constraints, and cultural resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101276,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management Bulletin","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 231-248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characteristics and removal of organic micropollutants in reverse osmosis concentrate from urban wastewater treatment plants: A review","authors":"Maitri Patel, M. Mansoor Ahammed","doi":"10.1016/j.wmb.2024.11.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wmb.2024.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of reverse osmosis (RO) in urban wastewater treatment plants is becoming popular due to its efficiency in producing high-quality effluent suitable for various reuse applications. However, the process generates reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC) or reject as a byproduct, which poses significant environmental concerns. One of the primary issues with ROC is the presence of organic micropollutants (OMPs). These pollutants are found in substantial concentrations in reject water, raising concerns about their potential ecological and health impacts. This review provides a summary of the characteristics of ROC from urban wastewater treatment plants, focusing on the concentrations and types of OMPs present. The study shows that ROC contains a variety of dissolved organic compounds, dissolved ions, and organic micropollutants, making its treatment a challenge. The paper discusses various technologies studied for the removal of OMPs in ROC, including adsorption, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), and other methods. Adsorption is identified as an effective method for the removal of OMPs, although some compounds show lower removal efficiencies. AOPs also have good removal capabilities but at the cost of forming potentially harmful byproducts. Emerging technologies such as forward osmosis combined with adsorption, constructed wetlands, and other microbial processes show promise but require further research for practicality. This paper thus underscores the necessity for continued innovation and optimization in ROC treatment methods to mitigate the adverse effects of OMPs on the environment and public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101276,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management Bulletin","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 249-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Waste to wealth: Microbial-based sustainable valorization of cotton biomass, processing waste and by-products for bioenergy and other value-added products to promote circular economy","authors":"Ajinath Dukare , Rahul Yadav , Sheshrao Kautkar , Pandiyan Kuppusamy , Kanika Sharma , Anam Shaikh , Anagha Pawar , Amruta Gadade , Nadanathangam Vigneshwaran , Sujata Saxena , Sujeet Kumar Shukla","doi":"10.1016/j.wmb.2024.11.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wmb.2024.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cotton-based textile industries sustain millions of people’s livelihoods and are significant sources of revenue for the nation’s economy. The enormous amount of biomass, processing wastes, and byproducts generated during cotton processing are usually landfilled or incinerated, which is the cause of environmental pollution and health hazards. Cotton biomass, mainly comprised of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, represents a sustainable feedstock for the fermentative production of value-added bioproducts using microorganisms. Advances in microbial biotechnology have led to the effective valorization of cotton biomass and processing waste into valuable products. To date, cotton-based waste biomaterial has been utilized for microbial production of biofuel, hydrogen, biomethane, enzymes, organic acids, bio-enriched compost, and as a substrate for mushroom cultivation. Furthermore, the use of cotton biomass for developing fungal mycelial-based composite and eco-friendly packaging material is documented. Cotton seed meal, an essential byproduct of the cottonseed industry, is converted into more proteinous products and bioactive peptides via microbial-mediated degossypolization and fermentation. The potential of modern metabolic engineering tools such as gene sequencing and assembly, genome editing, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), and cell surface engineering for microbial strain development is summarized. This is the first comprehensive review highlighting the aspects of cotton biomasses and byproducts, their structural composition, pretreatment strategies, and microbial approaches for bioconversion into valuable compounds. This document presents the cotton processing industry with an innovative pathway towards a waste-to-wealth solution via microbial-based biorefineries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101276,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management Bulletin","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 262-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Berhane Handiso , Timo Pääkkönen , Benjamin P. Wilson
{"title":"Effect of pyrolysis temperature on the physical and chemical characteristics of pine wood biochar","authors":"Berhane Handiso , Timo Pääkkönen , Benjamin P. Wilson","doi":"10.1016/j.wmb.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wmb.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biochar is a useful bioproduct with a wide range of promising applications. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of pyrolysis temperatures on the physicochemical properties of biochar produced from pine wood using a slow pyrolysis methodology. Fourier transfer infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis uncovered that the biochar synthesized at the different temperatures selected possessed distinct functional groups. The elemental analysis confirmed that an increase in pyrolysis temperature led to a rise in the carbon (C) concentration, whereas conversely there is a reciprocal decrease in the levels of oxygen (O) and hydrogen (H). Consequently, biochar produced at high temperatures showed low (O/C) and (H/C) fractions. Surface area (gas adsorption) studies indicated that the biochar surface area and pore volume increase at higher pyrolysis temperature. In contrast, the pore size was found to decrease at high temperatures. It was found that increased pyrolysis temperature resulted in reduced biochar yield. Biochar for use in specific applications like as an adsorbent material is ultimately influenced by the pyrolysis temperature. Therefore, it can be concluded that the results of the current study enhances the understanding on the effect of pyrolysis temperature on biochar synthesis and how different parameters can be used to tailor the material characteristics for specific applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101276,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management Bulletin","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 281-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}