{"title":"Fusion of experimental data","authors":"Vito Di Gesú , Maria Concetta Maccarone","doi":"10.1016/S0083-6656(97)00037-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0083-6656(97)00037-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The integration of information from various sensory systems is one of the most difficult challenges in understanding both perception and cognition. For example, the problem of auditory-visual integration is a correspondence problem between perceived auditory and visual scenes. Two main questions arise when designing data analysis systems: what is the useful information to be integrated?, and what are the integration rules? The problem of integrating information becomes relevant whenever: (a) the same kind of data are detected by spatially distributed sensors; (b) heterogeneous data are detected by different sensors; (c) heterogeneous distributed data are involved. General problems concerning the integration of experimental data are reviewed. The case of the BeppoSAX X-ray astronomical satellite is given as an example.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101275,"journal":{"name":"Vistas in Astronomy","volume":"41 3","pages":"Pages 343-349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0083-6656(97)00037-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74027125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The cycles of Selene","authors":"B. Steves","doi":"10.1016/S0083-6656(98)00004-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0083-6656(98)00004-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101275,"journal":{"name":"Vistas in Astronomy","volume":"16 1","pages":"543-571"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79096046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The evolution of the zodiac in the context of ancient oriental history","authors":"Alex A. Gurshtein","doi":"10.1016/S0083-6656(98)00002-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0083-6656(98)00002-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The dates for the second (ca. 2700 B.C. to within 250 years) and the third ecliptical quartets (ca. 1200 B.C. to within 400 years) evaluated earlier are considered in the context of ancient Egyptian history. The origin of the second quartet coincides with the Great Pyramids and the initiation of the Egyptian solar, or so-called “civil” calendar, the first of such a type in the world. The third quartet is concurrent with the solar conversion of Amenhotep IV (Akhenaton) and takes place at the finale of the great Sothic period of 1461 years after the initiation of the solar calendar. It is argued that the Great Pyramids seem to be monuments to the Sun-god built in honor of the Egyptians having reached an understanding of the Sun's track upon the starry background, Akhenaton's conversion being in a direct connection with the original Pyramids' ideology. This paper is the third part of a single investigation. The first two parts “On the Origin of the Zodiacal Constellations” and “Prehistory of Zodiac Dating: Three Strata of Upper Paleolithic Constellations” were published in Vistas in Astronomy in 1993 and 1995.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101275,"journal":{"name":"Vistas in Astronomy","volume":"41 4","pages":"Pages 507-525"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0083-6656(98)00002-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74710179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modelling of infrared emission from Cyg X-3 and the UKIRT IRCAM3 point spread function","authors":"R.N. Ogley , S.J.Bell Burnell , R.P. Fender","doi":"10.1016/S0083-6656(96)00064-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0083-6656(96)00064-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Modelling of the point spread function of the UKIRT IRCAM3 array was conducted in order to test for any extended emission around the X-ray binary Cyg X-3. We found that the point spread function cannot be represented by a simple Gaussian, but modelling of the stars required additional functions, namely Lorentzian and exponential components. After modelling for the PSF, we found that Cyg X-3 could be represented by two stellar-type profiles, 0.56″ apart.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101275,"journal":{"name":"Vistas in Astronomy","volume":"41 1","pages":"Pages 65-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0083-6656(96)00064-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76550296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contents of Volume 41","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0083-6656(98)80132-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0083-6656(98)80132-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101275,"journal":{"name":"Vistas in Astronomy","volume":"41 4","pages":"Pages iii-vii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0083-6656(98)80132-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91694754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The evolution of outbursts in Cygnus X-3","authors":"E.B. Waltman , R.S. Foster , G.G. Pooley , F.D. Ghigo","doi":"10.1016/S0083-6656(96)00061-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0083-6656(96)00061-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Quenching of the X-ray binary Cygnus X-3 at 2.25 GHz prior to outbursts during 1990–1993 is compared with published multi-frequency results. Flux density measurements obtained at 15 GHz with the Ryle Telescope during 1994–1995 are compared with flux densities at 2.25 GHz obtained with the NRL Green Bank Interferometer. Quenched quiescent emission prior to outbursts and partially quenched emission during small flaring episodes may be explained by disk instabilities during super-Eddington and near-Eddington accretion in X-ray binaries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101275,"journal":{"name":"Vistas in Astronomy","volume":"41 1","pages":"Pages 43-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0083-6656(96)00061-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79485092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FG3: Spatial and frequency modeling of circumstellar masers","authors":"F. Colomer , K.M. Menten , M.J. Reid","doi":"10.1016/S0083-6656(97)00002-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0083-6656(97)00002-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We have developed a computer program (called “FG3”) that is useful to model images of spectral line emission. We have applied it successfully to the study of maser emission in the circumstellar envelopes of late-type stars. The program will search for maser sources, blended spatially and in frequency, and fit 3D Gaussians to them. This is, to our knowledge, a new approach in these kind of investigations. This program provides information of the source structure distribution and kinematics, and also measures parameters that are directly related with the physical conditions in the masing regions. In particular, the measurement of the maser spectral linewidths contains information of the degree of saturation of these masers. We discuss our results of the study of water masers at 22 GHz with the VLA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101275,"journal":{"name":"Vistas in Astronomy","volume":"41 2","pages":"Pages 179-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0083-6656(97)00002-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81457729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Image fusion","authors":"Henri Maître, Isabelle Bloch","doi":"10.1016/S0083-6656(97)00035-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0083-6656(97)00035-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present the main lines along which information fusion has evolved from the first days of data fusion up to image fusion. Then we discuss some of the reasons why image fusion cannot benefit from many of the results of data fusion. In a second part, we present the main tools used to make a fusion of images, and we discuss the fundamentals of these tools. Along the way, we show how important the role of the user is in the design of an appropriate scheme for image fusion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101275,"journal":{"name":"Vistas in Astronomy","volume":"41 3","pages":"Pages 329-335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0083-6656(97)00035-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138216404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaowei Xu, Martin Ester, Hans-Peter Kriegel, Jörg Sander
{"title":"Clustering and knowledge discovery in spatial databases","authors":"Xiaowei Xu, Martin Ester, Hans-Peter Kriegel, Jörg Sander","doi":"10.1016/S0083-6656(97)00044-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0083-6656(97)00044-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the past decades, clustering has been widely used in areas such as pattern recognition, data analysis, and image processing. Recently, clustering has been recognized as a useful method for knowledge discovery in spatial databases. To efficiently detect clusters from large spatial databases with a limited amount of available memory, special database techniques have been developed. In this article, we present a survey of these methods from a database perspective.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101275,"journal":{"name":"Vistas in Astronomy","volume":"41 3","pages":"Pages 397-403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0083-6656(97)00044-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73535380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An analysis of the errors in John Flamsteed's Mural Arc observations","authors":"William Blitzstein","doi":"10.1016/S0083-6656(96)00068-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0083-6656(96)00068-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An accurate analysis of the random and systematic (bias) errors of Flamsteed's Mural Arc and the observations made using it could not be made until the end of the twentieth century. It is only in the last decades that the quantitative representation of the Astronomical Reference Frame and the Astronomical Constants have reached the required precision. In this study, it is possible to predict the true time of a meridian transit of a star (subject to an uncertainty in <em>ΔT</em>) and the true observed zenith distances (subject to the uncertainty in the refraction). These can be compared to Flamsteed's clock times of wire crossings and readings of the Mural Arc. Statistical analyses have been applied to a sufficient number of observations to determine standard deviations. Bias errors can be modeled by least squares fits to Flamsteed's determinations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101275,"journal":{"name":"Vistas in Astronomy","volume":"41 1","pages":"Pages 139-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0083-6656(96)00068-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75767771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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