Urban Governance最新文献

{"title":"Conceptualising risk communication barriers to household flood preparedness","authors":"Willow Forsyth ,&nbsp;Tim Roberts ,&nbsp;Graham Brewer","doi":"10.1016/j.ugj.2023.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ugj.2023.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accelerating flood risk is outstripping household preparedness, leading to higher costs when disasters occur. This has profound implications for the governance of urban areas on and around floodplains which often hold most of the responsibility for managing this risk. Effective community-wide flood preparedness strongly depends on human behaviour patterns before (yet-to-be experienced or imagined) unprecedented events. Whilst education is an accepted approach to changing human behaviour patterns, risk communications have not succeeded in prompting preparedness. We provide a systematic review using Steg &amp; Vlek's extended General Framework because it describes the four key issues that, unless addressed, can impede risk communications’ ability to promote behaviour change.</p><p>The results suggest current research and practice gaps remain in what behaviour is targeted, what is communicated, how it is communicated, and what is learnt from evaluating education campaigns. A predominant focus of ‘get ready’ flood lists on response rather than anticipatory preparedness items may decrease their relevance for households. Education campaigns may fail to change relevant preparedness behaviours because they are perceived as irrelevant, not attuned to households’ important beliefs or agency, employ counter-productive messaging strategies, or fail to meet best practices for communicating actionable risk. Effective education messaging might well depend on co-production of local contextualised content between emergency agencies and households.</p><p>It is a clear finding of this review that current research and practice is highly limited by scholarships’ theoretical and methodological issues. We argue addressing scholarship gaps can inform urban governance arrangements, and thereby better support efforts to foster household and community flood preparedness. This will have inordinate value for emergency agencies, often tasked with preparedness-through-education, and the communities they serve.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 116-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49715047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State and communities in urban food governance: Lessons from COVID and insights for the future","authors":"Johan Nordensvärd ,&nbsp;Bingqin Li ,&nbsp;Catalina Turcu ,&nbsp;Jiwei Qian ,&nbsp;Young-hwan Byun ,&nbsp;Yiran Li ,&nbsp;Carl-Johan Sommar ,&nbsp;Martina Rotolo","doi":"10.1016/j.ugj.2023.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ugj.2023.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 93-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49731733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Best practice is not just “best”: An empirical study based on judges’ perceptions","authors":"Jiannan Wu ,&nbsp;Yao Liu ,&nbsp;Stuart Bretschneider","doi":"10.1016/j.ugj.2023.03.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ugj.2023.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper proposes five major criteria—importance, innovativeness, effectiveness, sustainability and replicability—for determining best practices in public management. The influence of each criterion on the probability that a judge recommends a case as a best practice is examined using data from the first Best Practice Cases for Urban Governance in the Yangtze River Delta competition. The results show that perceptions of innovativeness, effectiveness, sustainability and replicability, but not of importance, significantly influence judges’ recommendations. These findings demonstrate that innovativeness, sustainability and replicability are important in evaluations of best practices, in addition to effectiveness. Specifically, innovativeness is as important as effectiveness, which indicates that judges perceive innovation to be closely linked to best practices. In addition, the empirical results partly refute the criticism that sustainability and replicability are not considered in evaluations of best practices. This paper can serve to inspire public management practitioners to consider the innovativeness, effectiveness, sustainability and replicability when developing best practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 130-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49715310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insouciant, powerless or helpless: An assessment of the factors that contribute to the non-compliance with the regulations that protect ecologically sensitive areas in the Greater Kumasi Metropolis","authors":"Augustine Chiga Awolorinke,&nbsp;Stephen Appiah Takyi,&nbsp;Owusu Amponsah","doi":"10.1016/j.ugj.2023.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ugj.2023.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The complexities involved in the urbanization process and its effect on environmental sustainability and city aesthetics has been extensively researched in the conventional literature. The rapid urban growth in countries in the global south coupled with weak development control has led to the encroachment of environmentally sensitive areas. Yet, little is known among scholars on whether regulatory agencies have given up on the encroachment of ecologically sensitive areas to continue or they are powerless. This paper through a qualitative research approach explores the factors that influence non-compliance with land use and ecosystem regulations from the perspective of relevant stakeholders. Through face-to-face interviews, 19 participants from eleven (11) regulatory institutions in the Greater Kumasi Metropolitan Area were interviewed. The findings of the study showed that several factors ranging from political, social, and economic adversely affect the ability of the regulatory agencies to effectively enforce the regulations that protect environmentally sensitive areas such as freshwater and wetlands. For example, in terms of political factors, the study showed that, the powerful nature of political actors in Ghana's democratic dispensation coupled with their continuous interference in the enforcement of regulations and the lack of sustained political will continue to threaten the sustainable management of environmentally sensitive areas. Socially and culturally, there is a shift from communal management of ecological resources to a formal public institutional management approach. Inadequate financial support, logistical constraints, and unavailability of technical experts and technology were economic factors that influence institutional non-compliance with land use and ecosystem regulations in Ghana The researchers conclude that the inability of the policymakers and the relevant authorities to address these political, social, and economic barriers confronting the regulatory agencies will continue to make them powerless when it comes to the enforcement of the regulations that protect environmentally sensitive areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 148-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49714965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Board Members","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2664-3286(23)00057-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2664-3286(23)00057-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages i-ii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49714805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Governing for food security during the COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan and Nanjing, China","authors":"Yi-Shin Chang ,&nbsp;Zhenzhong Si ,&nbsp;Jonathan Crush ,&nbsp;Steffanie Scott ,&nbsp;Taiyang Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.ugj.2023.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ugj.2023.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The global COVID-19 pandemic has elicited a range of public health governance responses. One common result has been an associated disruption of food supply chains and growing urban food insecurity. Policy responses to this situation have not yet received sufficient research attention. This paper therefore focuses on the urban food security implications of China's zero-COVID public health measures and the response of central, provincial and municipal government to the governance challenge of ensuring a stable and sufficient food supply to urban consumers. During the COVID-19 outbreak in early 2020 in China, zero-COVID lockdown measures aimed to contain and eliminate the spread of the virus. This paper examines the associated policy responses around urban food security in early 2020, with a particular focus on two cities: Wuhan (where SARS-CoV-2 was first identified) and Nanjing (a neighbouring city). The analysis is based on an inventory of policy-related documents providing a wide range of information about governance responses to the pandemic. Four major governance challenges are addressed: agricultural production, food transportation, stabilization of food prices, and new contactless methods in purchasing foods. Key recommendations for post-pandemic policy responses around urban food security include: ensuring consistency throughout all levels of government, strengthening existing food reserves to leverage emergency responses, addressing the root causes of pandemic-related food insecurity by focusing on access at the household level, and improving food utilization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 106-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49731915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Board Members","authors":"Ana Botin, Robert Zadrazil, Johan Thijs, Peter Andronov, Dinko Lucic, Panicos Nicolaou, Tomáš Salomon, Carsten Egeriis, Allan Parik, Timo Ritakallio, France Frédéric Oudéa, Hans-Walter Peters, George Handjinicolaou, Radovan Jelasity, Benedikt Gislason, Eamonn Crowley, Maurizio Sella, Ieva Tetere, Hans-Werner Gassner, Eivilė Čipkutė, Guy Hoffmann, Rick Hunkin, Odd Arild Grefstad, Krzysztof Pietraszkiewicz, Fernando Faria DE Oliveira, Blaž Brodnjak, José María Roldán Alegre, Johan Torgeby, Herbert J. Scheidt, Chris Buijink, Bob Wigley","doi":"10.1037/e661322007-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/e661322007-016","url":null,"abstract":"Joan Adler, Technion-IIT, phr76ja@technion.ac.il Francis J. Alexander, Los Alamos National Laboratory, fja@lanl.gov Isabel Beichl, Nat’l Inst. of Standards and Technology, isabel.beichl@nist.gov Bruce Boghosian, Tufts University, bruce.boghosian@tufts.edu Hans-Joachim Bungartz, Technical University of Munich, bungartz@in.tum.de Norman Chonacky, Yale University (EIC Emeritus), norman.chonacky@yale.edu Massimo DiPierro, DePaul University, massimo.dipierro@depaul.edu Jack Dongarra, University of Tennessee, dongarra@cs.utk.edu Rudolf Eigenmann, Purdue University, eigenman@ecn.purdue.edu William J. Feiereisen, Intel Corporation, bill@feiereisen.net Geoffrey Fox, Indiana University, gcf@indiana.edu K. Scott Hemmert, Sandia National Laboratories, kshemme@sandia.gov David P. Landau, University of Georgia, dlandau@hal.physast.uga.edu Preeti Malakar, Argonne National Laboratory, pmalakar@anl.gov James D. Myers, University of Michigan, jim.myers@computer.org John Rundle, University of California, Davis, rundle@physics.ucdavis.edu John West, University of Texas, Austin, john@tacc.utexas.edu","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82866958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysing debate on infrastructures using abstract argumentation","authors":"F. Taillandier ,&nbsp;S. Guignard ,&nbsp;N. Pares ,&nbsp;C. Curt ,&nbsp;A. Schleyer-Lindenmann","doi":"10.1016/j.ugj.2023.02.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ugj.2023.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Infrastructure projects induce various impacts on stakeholders, which can lead to a strong opposition to the project. In order to support urban planning, we propose a method called AFORI (Argumentation for Formalizing and analysing Opinions on Infrastructure project) based on the AIPA abstract argumentation model, to collect, formalize and analyse the views of the different stakeholders on the project. AFORI permits to collect data from various sources (newspaper, social media…), to formalize the pros and cons of argumentation relating to an infrastructure project and to provide an easier understanding of the debate. The structured formalization of the argumentation facilitates the understanding of the different points of view and their interdependence. AFORI was applied to a real case study in order to illustrate its functioning and interest.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 138-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49714960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food and communities in post-COVID-19 cities: Case of India","authors":"Sankar Varma ,&nbsp;Rajib Sutradhar","doi":"10.1016/j.ugj.2023.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ugj.2023.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While Covid-19 pandemic has affected countries across the world, the burden has been shared disproportionately by urban poor from the cities in Global South. In much of Global South, while cities have emerged as growth centers, they are mostly driven by informalities, belying the image of cities, visualized in the mainstream development economics literature as a place of secured formal jobs that free one from the drudgery of rural life. Covid-19 pandemic has exposed these fault-lines in the cities. India serves as a typical case of such urban-centric growth, with informal workers, predominated by disadvantaged social and religious categories, accounting for 81% of workers in urban space. In cities, migrant in general and seasonal migrants increasingly account for bulk of informal workforce. The lockdown imposed in the wake of Covid-19 pandemic left the community of households reliant on informal works for livelihoods, without any rights and entitlements, which affect their access to food. The review of evidence collected in both primary surveys and macro level data points towards sluggishness in recovery of jobs, which coupled with high food inflation, suggests that access to food continues to be an issue in urban governance. The paper calls for a roadmap entailing both short-term and long-term measures to build sustainable urban livelihoods for ensuring food secure urban space in India.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 97-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49731909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of SES, social support, and resilience on older adults’ well-being during COVID-19: Evidence from Singapore","authors":"Mindy Eiko Tadai,&nbsp;Paulin Tay Straughan,&nbsp;Grace Cheong,&nbsp;Rachel Ngu Wen Yi,&nbsp;Tan Yan Er","doi":"10.1016/j.ugj.2023.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ugj.2023.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has rendered visible many socioeconomic inequalities and the lengthy period of disruption to everyday life had disproportionate effects on the most vulnerable groups in Singapore and across the world. Utilizing data from the Singapore Life Panel ® (SLP) collected in September 2021, this study examined a sample of 6667 older adults to assess the effects of socioeconomic status (SES) on well-being, and the mechanisms through which social support and resilience may mediate its influence. Overall, our results suggest significant direct and indirect effects of SES on well-being and provide evidence for the pivotal role that social support plays in building resilience and well-being. Affluent socioeconomic backgrounds do not intrinsically build resilience; instead, it is through the access to social resources, which SES affords and facilitates, that resilience is developed, and well-being is safeguarded. We argue that Singapore's policy response to COVID-19 has yet to fully leverage on social resources and develop a social infrastructure that can buffer the negative impacts of prolonged crises on the most vulnerable groups.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 14-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49712451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}