The Microbe最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of multi-strain probiotic exhibiting in vitro cholesterol-lowering, antioxidative and lipolytic properties","authors":"Mehul Chauhan,&nbsp;Ishita Modasiya,&nbsp;Hina Maniya,&nbsp;Priya Mori,&nbsp;Vijay Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Various studies have been conducted reporting the hypocholesterolemic effect of individual probiotic strains while only a few such reports are available on multi-strain probiotic formulation. In this study, 23 indigenous isolated probiotics were used to formulate multi-strain probiotic consortium after evaluating their co-culture potential. The study evaluated the antioxidant, lipolytic, hypocholesterolemic, and synergistic attributes of probiotic isolates for selection of the be compatible strains for effective consortium formulation. <em>Limosilactobacillus fermentum</em> BAB 7912 showed the highest antioxidant activity (30.22% DPPH radical reduction potential and 87.21% ABTS radical scavenging potential) among strains growing synergistically. The other strain of the final consortium <em>Bacillus rugosus</em> PIC5CR had the highest ferric reducing antioxidant potential (81.45%). Another probiotic isolate <em>Bacillus rugosus</em> PIB9CR was able to produce highest quantity of <em>p</em>-nitrophenol (272.61±0.54<!--> <!-->μM/15<!--> <!-->min) as determined by <em>p</em>-nitrophenyl acetate method, indicating the higher lipolytic activity for both whole-cells and cell free supernatant (CFS). Hence, the multi-strain probiotic consortium consisting of these three strains was formulated that showed the significant cholesterol reductions potential (70.07% after 24<!--> <!-->hours and 74.77% after 48<!--> <!-->hours) which was higher than any of the single isolates used in this study. The strains and probiotic consortium demonstrated satisfactory cholesterol reduction and lipolytic activity, with isolates having higher co-culture attributes. Further investigation is needed to determine their viability as well as efficacy in an <em>in-vivo</em> model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking microbiome to cancer: A mini-review on contemporary advances","authors":"Leonard Whye Kit Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intricate relationship between the human microbiome and cancer has garnered significant interest in recent years, transforming our understanding of how microbial communities influence health and disease. The microbiome, particularly in the gut, is known to interact with host immune responses, metabolic processes, and inflammation pathways, all of which play roles in cancer development and progression. This mini-review presents current advances linking microbial dysbiosis to cancer, focusing on the mechanisms through which specific microbial populations contribute to oncogenesis, as well as their impact on tumor microenvironments, immune modulation, and treatment responses. Additionally, we explore how microbial profiling and manipulation strategies, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, are emerging as promising adjuncts in cancer prevention and therapy. Understanding the dynamic interactions between microbes and cancer cells may provide innovative perspectives on cancer treatment, opening avenues for microbiome-targeted therapies and personalized medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole -genome sequencing and comparative genomics analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from animal source foods","authors":"Mufeeda Beegum ,&nbsp;P.T. Waseem Mirsab ,&nbsp;Bilal Ahmad Malla ,&nbsp;Dharavath Premkumar ,&nbsp;Zunjar Baburao Dubal ,&nbsp;Obli Rajendran VinodhKumar","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of the study was genome sequencing and comparative genomics analysis of <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> isolates from animal source foods. We collected a total of 196 animal source food samples from three locations in Guwahati, Assam, India. The samples were screened for <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> and the presumed <em>Klebsiella</em> spp. isolates were further confirmed by whole genome sequencing on the Illumina Miseq platform, and the reads obtained were assembled and utilized for the downstream analysis. Fourteen <em>K. pneumoniae</em> isolates could be recovered from 196 samples. The whole genome sequence analysis revealed that the virulence genes and antimicrobial resistant genes (ARGs) were located on different mobile genetic elements of these isolates. The isolates carried genes encoding resistance to quinolones (<em>oqxA_1</em>&amp; <em>oqxB_1</em>), fosfomycin (<em>fosA</em>6<em>_</em>1 &amp; <em>fosA_</em>3), beta-lactam antibiotics (<em>bla</em>_{<em>SHV-187,</em>} <em>bla</em>_{<em>SHV-172</em>}<em>, bla</em>_{<em>SHV-106</em>}<em>, bla</em>_{<em>DHA-1,</em>} <em>blaOKP-B-8, bla</em>_{<em>SHV-61,</em>} <em>bla</em>_{<em>SHV-220</em>}<em>, bla</em>_{<em>CTX-M-15,</em>} and <em>bla</em>_{<em>SHV-106</em>}), aminoglycosides (<em>aph</em> (6)-Id and <em>aac</em>(3)-IIe) and sulphonamides(<em>sul</em>1). Seven distinct sequence types were identified across the isolates, and the ST14 sequence type was most prevalent (n = 8). The most predominant serotypes identified were K16 and O1. All the isolates were predicted as human pathogens with an approximate mean probability of 89.2 %. This study highlighted <em>K. pneumoniae</em> as a potential foodborne pathogen as well as the significant reservoir of resistant and virulence genes, which in turn potentiate the transfer of these genes through horizontal gene transfer among microbial populations. <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> is a leading cause of hospital acquired infections, and its prevalence in food is concerning because of the wide srepertoire of virulence and antimicrobial genes (ARGs) as well as their transfer among microbial populations in the same niche<em>.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arthrobacter sp. mediated chromium remediation and copper accumulation from leached liquor for E-waste management","authors":"Arindam Chakraborty,&nbsp;Kiron Bhakat,&nbsp;Ekramul Islam ,&nbsp;Rimil Murmu","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, significant research efforts have been directed towards the eco-friendly and cost-effective management of electronic waste (e-waste) using biohydrometallurgy exploiting microbes in the fulfilment of twin objectives; resource recycling and pollution mitigation. In the present study, a bacterium isolated from metalliferous soil, identified as <em>Arthrobacter</em> sp., EIKU3 having the ability to resist heavy metal toxicity and interact with them was exploited to remove metals from dilute waste obtained from waste printed circuit board (WPCB). This bacterium exhibited multidimensional capabilities in copper (Cu) sequestration and chromium (Cr) reduction. At optimum pH (7.0) the bacterium could reduce Cr significantly (&gt;88 %). This bacterium exhibited monophasic, rapid, concentration- and pH-dependent metal adsorption. Biomass grown in minimal media served as biosorbent to remove Cu from both water (70 % in 1 mM Cu concentration) and waste PCB (82 % from 1.5 mM Cu solution) at pH 7.0. Interestingly, biomass grown in municipal wastewater also removed Cu significantly from both water (49 % from in 1.5 mM Cu solution) and leached WPCB liquor (35 % in 1.5 mM adjusted Cu concentration) at pH 7.0. SEM image showed the change of morphology of this pleomorphic isolate and EDX analysis showed no adsorption of Cu onto the surface. Cell fractionation analysis revealed that the majority (77 %) of the absorbed Cu was localized in the cytoplasm. This was well supported by the moderate reduction of zeta potential of Cu loaded cells. These findings indicated the promising ability of <em>Arthrobacter</em> sp. EIKU3 in mitigating Cu and Cr pollution while recovering Cu from WPCB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing the ethnomedicinal potential of Cassia fistula: Biogenic silver nanoparticles for DNA protection and cancer therapy","authors":"Mehul Chauhan ,&nbsp;Priya Mori ,&nbsp;Vijay Kumar ,&nbsp;Khushal Kapadiya ,&nbsp;Harison Masih ,&nbsp;Swati Goswami","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total tannin content, antioxidant properties, and antimicrobial activity of <em>Cassia fistula</em> fruit extracts, followed by the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The synthesized AgNPs were characterized for their physicochemical properties, including zeta potential, which was found to be −1.28 mV, indicating the stability of the nanoparticles in suspension. UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed a characteristic peak at 450 nm, confirming successful nanoparticle synthesis. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) analyses showed the AgNPs exhibited diverse morphologies with an average diameter of 25.25 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) further confirmed the interaction between biomolecules and AgNPs through functional group analysis. The study also evaluated the DNA protection potential of the AgNPs against free radicals, demonstrating their ability to protect genetic material. Additionally, the AgNPs were tested on a panel of NCI-60 cell lines, revealing broad-spectrum anticancer activity. Notably, the AgNPs exhibited significant anticancer effects, with 85.47 % growth inhibition against renal (TK-10) and breast cancer (T-47D) cell lines, and a 15 % proliferative growth index. These findings highlight the potential of biogenic AgNPs from <em>Cassia fistula</em> as promising candidates for future biomedicine and cancer therapy applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery of multi-drug resistant, multiple antibiotic resistance genes-carrying non-typhoidal Salmonella from antibiotic-free and conventional chicken meat: A comparative study in Delhi, India","authors":"Nitish Rawat ,&nbsp;Anjali ,&nbsp;Shreyata ,&nbsp;Benoy Sabu ,&nbsp;Pukhrambam Pushpa Devi ,&nbsp;Rohit Jamwal ,&nbsp;Karuna Yadav ,&nbsp;Narendra Kumar ,&nbsp;Raman Rajagopal","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food-associated <em>Salmonella</em> spp. are regularly implicated in diarrhoeal illnesses. Emergence of antibiotic resistance (AR) among <em>Salmonella enterica</em> (<em>S. enterica)</em> has become a global healthcare problem, necessitating an AR risk assessment along the food-chain network. Considering the growing trend of selling alternatively labelled meat products in low- and middle-income countries like India, a comprehensive evaluation of AR in non-typhoidal <em>Salmonella</em> (NTS) isolates associated with antibiotic-free (AF) labelled chicken meat was carried out. Additionally, the resistance profile of AF chicken meat-derived microbes was compared to the conventional (CL) chicken meat-derived ones. Results highlighted high degree of resistance in AF-derived NTS isolates to tetracycline (87.0 %), nalidixic-acid (53.0 %) and ampicillin (41.0 %), and moderate degree of resistance to imipenem (28.0 %), co-trimoxazole (27.0 %), cefazolin (23.0 %) and ciprofloxacin (15 %). Horizontally-transmissible AR genes (ARGs), such as, <em>tetA</em> (77.0 %)<em>, qnrS</em> (53.0 %)<em>, ampC</em> (41.0 %)<em>, sul3,</em> (21.0 %) etc. were also prevalent among screened isolates. Overall, 74.0 % of <em>S. enterica</em> were multi-drug resistant (MDR) and 45.0 % harboured ≥ 3 ARGs. There was no difference in resistance profile and multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of isolates derived from AF and CL chicken meat (two-way ANOVA, unpaired <em>t-</em>test, respectively; p &lt; 0.05). Correlation analysis showed a positive relationship between various AR phenotypes and ARGs that provide the corresponding resistance (p &lt; 0.05). This means that the prevalence of positively correlating ARGs could be used to predict physical resistance. Our study illustrates that choosing AF chicken meat in markets of Delhi may not effectively minimise the exposure of resistant NTS to consumers. Observations also recommend a systematic AR risk assessment of foodstuffs across the region for a more informed assistance to the authorities in distributing relevant labels to food products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of Ruta graveolens extract in healing burn infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"Saereh Mohammadpour ,&nbsp;Zahra Khodaparast ,&nbsp;Hossein Mohammadpour ,&nbsp;Khosro Issazadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Burns are a significant public health problem. Their proper treatment can prevent the excessive and unnecessary use of antibiotics, which will contribute to further increasing antibiotic resistance in some pathogens. Many studies have targeted medicinal plants as alternative natural solutions due to their effective antimicrobial results. This study investigates the antimicrobial effects of ethanolic and methanolic extracts from <em>Ruta graveolens</em> on <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> isolated from burn patients at Razi Hospital, Rasht, Iran. Using 1 % DMSO for serial dilutions, we assessed antibacterial efficacy through MIC, disc diffusion, and well diffusion tests. The methanolic extract demonstrated a 20 mm inhibition zone for <em>S. aureus</em>. However, the ethanolic extract confirmed a 13.33 mm inhibition zone for <em>P. aeruginosa</em>. MIC values further indicated that the ethanolic extract was most effective for <em>P. aeruginosa</em> (3.125 mg/ml) and the methanolic extract for <em>S. aureus</em> (1.562 mg/ml). Additionally, PCR proved the presence of the exotoxin A gene in <em>P. aeruginosa</em> and the coagulase gene in <em>S. aureus</em>, verifying pathogenicity. Phytochemical analyses showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, steroids, glycosides, saponins, phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, amino acids, and proteins in both extracts. Statistical analysis via ANOVA test confirmed the significant effects of <em>R. graveolens</em> extracts. These findings suggest <em>R. graveolens</em> extracts need further investigation and safety testing to ensure the practicality and effectiveness of these results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of inorganic nanoparticle glycoconjugate enhanced cotton fabrics for multi-drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterium","authors":"Ardanur Küçük ,&nbsp;Zehra Taşdelen ,&nbsp;Şevval Güney ,&nbsp;Sedanur Sel ,&nbsp;Esinti İrem Demirbaş ,&nbsp;Fatma Öztürk Kırbay ,&nbsp;Sedanur Sancak ,&nbsp;Maarja Otsus ,&nbsp;Hafize Dilek Tepe ,&nbsp;Kaja Kasemets ,&nbsp;Çetin Kılınç ,&nbsp;İdris Yazgan","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surface modification of cotton fabrics is required to advance their inherent properties in the development of antibacterial cotton fabric-based biomaterials. In this study, an antibacterial cotton fabric for multidrug resistant <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> species was developed. To do this, lactose and galactose derivatives were used to synthesize silver (Ag) and gold (Au) nanoparticle glycoconjugates (NP-GCs) to functionalize the cotton fabrics to target the carbohydrate binding proteins LecA and LecB lectins found on <em>P. aeruginosa</em>. The three lactose derivatives (i.e. Lactose sulfanilic acid (LSA), Lactose 5-aminosalicylic acid (L5AS) and Lactose 4-(4-aminophenyl) butyric acid (L4APB)) gave stable AgNP-GCs and AuNP-GCs while Galactose 4,4’-oxydianiline (GODA) allowed only stable AuNP-GCs synthesis. The cotton fabrics were pretreated to eliminate non-cellulosic parts to obtain scoured cotton fabrics (sCFs) for surface functionalization with AgNP-GCs and AuNP-GCs. Three different approaches (i.e. direct adsorption or adsorption through sulfhydryl group on sCFs and <em>in situ</em> synthesis) were followed to obtain AgNP-GCs functionalized cotton fabrics while AuNP-GCs functionalization was performed only through <em>in situ</em> synthesis. AgNP-GCs and AuNP-GCs were <em>in situ</em> synthesized on the sCFs under heat-treatment, and homogenous surfaces with high load of AgNP-GCs or AuNP-GCs were obtained. AuNP-GC-sCF were then functionalized with Colistin in order to add antibacterial property for <em>P. aeruginosa</em>. The colloidal AgNP-GCs, and <em>in situ</em> synthesized AgNP-GC-sCF and AuNP-GC-sCF showed strong antibacterial activity for <em>P. aeruginosa</em>. The formulations were then tested for gram (-) <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae,</em> and gram (+) <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em> to evaluate whether they have wide-spectrum antibacterial activity. While the colloidal AgNP-CGs showed similar high toxicity for these species in comparison to <em>P. aeruginosa</em>, only LSA_AgNP-GC-sCF and LSA_AgNP-GC-sCF showed 100 % growth suppression for <em>E. coli</em>, <em>K. pneumoniae</em> and <em>S. epidermidis</em>. The Colistin functionalized AuNP-GC-sCFs were also tested for Colistin resistant <em>K. pneumoniae</em>, and &gt; 99 % growth suppression was obtained. We also tested whether the surface charge of the AuNP-GCs affect their interactions with <em>P. aeruginosa</em> using confocal laser scanning microscopy, where clear interactions were observed for GODA_AuNPs. These early results revealed that inorganic nanoparticle glycoconjugates can be designed to develop antibacterial cotton fabrics through designing chemistry that can target lectins on bacterial membranes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungi (DSE, AMF) involved in the natural attenuation and rehabilitation of the inhospitable conditions prevailing in an abandoned Pb-, Cd-, As-polluted mine-tailing deposit","authors":"A. Penélope Solís-Hernández ,&nbsp;Aída V. Rodríguez-Tovar ,&nbsp;Santos Carballar-Hernández ,&nbsp;Marco Antonio Reyes-Maldonado ,&nbsp;Cynthia Romero-Guido ,&nbsp;Bruno M. Chávez-Vergara ,&nbsp;Facundo Rivera-Becerril","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mining releases elevated volumes of mining residues that can possess inhospitable characteristics; sometimes, they contain potentially toxic elements (PTE) that can constitute a threat to the organisms. In Mexico, several areas have been impacted by mining activities from centuries ago. The objective was to identify the dark septate and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with the roots of <em>Reseda luteola</em> L. and <em>Asphodelus fistulosus</em> L. in mining residues contaminated with PTE, and to explore the role of the fungi. The work was focused on Jal Viejo, a more than 50-year-old open pit tailing partially vegetated with some plant species. We identified 60 culturable DSE fungi from the interior of the roots of the two plants. According to a phylogenetic analysis of the ITS1–5.8S-ITS2 rDNA sequences, the DSE from both plants belonged to the genera <em>Alternaria</em>, <em>Colletotrichum</em>, <em>Setophoma</em>, <em>Acrocalymma-Rhizopycnis</em>, and <em>Stemphylium</em>. Two isolates (<em>Colletotrichum</em> and <em>Alternaria alternata</em>) consistently exhibited tolerance to Pb and Cd in vitro; five of the DSE fungi solubilized phosphate, even in the presence of Pb and Cd. An in-vitro study demonstrated that a <em>Colletotrichum</em> isolate exerted a plant-growth-promoting effect on tobacco (<em>Nicotiana benthamiana</em> Domin, 1929) subjected to Cd through longer root length and higher plant biomass. We also identified 10 morphotypes of AMF spores in the rhizospheric soil of <em>A. fistulosus</em>; there was a predominance of Glomerales, with the most abundant species being <em>Rhizophagus intraradices.</em> Due to their abundance, their tolerance, and/or their phosphate solubilization, the relevance is argued for and highlighted of DSE and AMF in the mitigation and the natural rehabilitation of the inhospitable conditions of the mining residues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis of silver-chitosan nanocomposite exhibits promising antibiofilm properties against pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Subhransu Sekhar Behera ,&nbsp;Amrito Ghosh Majumdar ,&nbsp;Himansu Gullani ,&nbsp;Arka Lodh Roy ,&nbsp;Aruna Kumar Dash ,&nbsp;Pratyush Kumar Behera ,&nbsp;Zahra Parwez ,&nbsp;Seemon Giri ,&nbsp;Priti S. Mohanty ,&nbsp;Lopamudra Ray","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The green synthesis of silver-chitosan nanocomposite (AgCs) is a promising avenue in nanobiotechnology, offering eco-friendly production methods and multifunctional properties. This study elucidates the green synthesis of AgNp through a sustainable approach using <em>Streptomyces griseoincarnatus</em> RB7AG. The synthesized AgNp was then combined with chitosan to form a silver-chitosan nanocomposite (AgCs nanocomposite) and investigated its properties employing UV–visible spectroscopy, FTIR techniques, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The UV–visible spectroscopy confirms the successful formation of the nanocomposite, while DLS elucidates its size distribution and stability. Moreover, the antibiofilm capabilities of AgCs are evaluated against <em>bacterial</em> biofilms comprising <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em>. Remarkably, the nanocomposite demonstrates the most potent antibiofilm activity, significantly reducing biofilm metabolic activity. This observation is further corroborated by fluorescence imaging, providing visual confirmation of the reduction in biofilm formation. These findings underscore the potential of AgCs as an effective antimicrobial agent against bacterial biofilms, with implications for combating biofilm-associated infections. Furthermore, the nanocomposite was found to be non-toxic to the HEK293 cell lines, demonstrating its effectiveness in further applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}