The Microbe最新文献

{"title":"Phytochemical profiling and evaluation of antimicrobial properties of Papilionanthe teres leaves extracts and their green synthesized silver nanoparticles","authors":"Gouhar Jahan Ashraf ,&nbsp;Ayon Saha ,&nbsp;Tarun Kumar Dua ,&nbsp;Paramita Paul ,&nbsp;Gouranga Nandi ,&nbsp;Sangita Dey ,&nbsp;Divya Limbu ,&nbsp;Manab Deb Adhikari ,&nbsp;Anoop Kumar ,&nbsp;Ranabir Sahu","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study was performed to investigate the phytochemical profile and antimicrobial activity of <em>Papilionanthe teres</em> leaves (PTL) and their synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-PTL). Preliminary phytochemical profiling confirmed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, triterpenoids, steroids, and carbohydrates that can exert various pharmacological activities. Further, comprehensive GC-MS and HPTLC analyses identified the presence of 56 and 4 bioactive compounds, respectively. Characterization techniques like UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, DLS, and EDX verified the crystalline structure, spherical shape, and nanosize of AgNPs-PTL. Silver nanoparticles synthesized using <em>P. teres</em> leaves extract (AgNPs-PTL) exhibited strong antimicrobial activity compared to the plant extract alone. AgNPs-PTL exhibited higher antimicrobial activity against <em>E. coli</em> than <em>S. aureus,</em> highlighting their biomedical relevance. So, this research highlights the significant antimicrobial potential of <em>P. teres</em> leaves and their green-synthesized silver nanoparticles, emphasizing their eco-friendly, cost-effective, and green synthesis. These findings support the development of novel medications to improve human health, validating the medicinal value of the <em>P. teres</em> plant and its AgNPs-PTL in treating microbial infections and their associated diseases and promoting sustainable drug development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100475"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methylobacterium spp. in sustainable agriculture: Strategies for plant stress management and growth promotion","authors":"Emmanuel Ehinmitan ,&nbsp;Beenzu Siamalube ,&nbsp;Turoop Losenge ,&nbsp;Edward Mamati ,&nbsp;Patrick Juma ,&nbsp;Victoria Ngumi","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, heavy metals, extreme temperatures, and ultraviolet radiation pose a significant constraint to plant growth and agricultural productivity. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), especially <em>Methylobacterium spp.</em>, offer sustainable and eco-friendly solutions to mitigate these challenges. <em>Methylobacterium spp</em>., commonly found in the rhizosphere and phyllosphere, are efficient colonizers of plant tissues and thrive on volatile carbon (C₁) compounds, such as methanol. These pink-pigmented bacteria enhance plant growth and resilience through mechanisms such as nitrogen fixation, minerals solubilization, ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid) deaminase activity, the production of phytohormones, siderophores, ammonia, and secondary metabolites. Additionally, they play a vital role in nutrient provision and pathogen protection, contributing to enhanced plant vitality and yield under both normal and stress conditions.</div><div>This review examines the multifaceted role of <em>Methylobacterium spp</em>. in alleviating abiotic stress and their potential to boost agricultural output. Furthermore, it explores strategies for optimizing plant–microbe interactions, genetic enhancement of native populations, and advanced methods such as mutation, adaptation, and genetic engineering to enhance their plant growth-promoting capabilities. By leveraging the unique properties of <em>Methylobacterium spp.</em>, this review underscores their promise as a cornerstone for sustainable agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100476"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144702532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Streptomyces Pseudogriseolus VSG-9 mediated synthesis of antifungal and antioxidant copper oxide nanoparticles","authors":"Shweta Mallikarjun ,&nbsp;Gangotri Salgar ,&nbsp;M. Vidyasagar Gunagambhire ,&nbsp;Arun K. shettar","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current investigation involved the development of a new, harmless, environmentally friendly method for synthesizing copper oxide nanoparticles using <em>Streptomyces pseudogriseolus</em> VSG-9. The aqueous culture filtrate of <em>S. pseudogriseolus</em> VSG-9 was employed as a reductive agent. The synthesized CuO NPs were characterized by UV–visible, SEM, EDX, XRD, AFM and FTIR techniques. Furthermore, CuO NPs exhibit a significant ZOI against <em>Candida albicans</em> 1637 (25 ± 0.5 mm), <em>C. glabrata</em> 3814 (27 ± 0.01 mm) and <em>C. tropicalis</em> 1406 (18 ± 0.01 mm) followed by <em>C. haemulonii</em> 8303 (17 ± 0.26 mm). The biologically synthesized CuO NPs acted as an anti-biofouling agent and antioxidant activity. The CuO NPs that were produced through biosynthesis demonstrated a wide range of biomedical uses. These include their effectiveness infighting against infectious microorganisms, their ability to control phytopathogenic fungi, and their potential to combat health-threatening insects. These findings demonstrate the potential use of CuO NPs as a special strategy to deal with these important health-related issues. The germination rate of <em>Pisum sativum</em> seeds was observed to be 100 % when exposed to CuO NP compounds, Whereas untreated seeds exhibited no germination. The current study determines that the <em>S. pseudogriseolus</em> VSG-9 induced CuO NPs exhibit advantageous properties in promoting plant growth and development, thus demonstrating their potential utility in agricultural practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100472"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Ixodes trianguliceps sustain a transmission cycle of tick-borne encephalitis virus?","authors":"Hein Sprong ,&nbsp;Maya L. Holding ,&nbsp;Ilze Brila ,&nbsp;Claire Cayol ,&nbsp;Ankje de Vries ,&nbsp;Heikki Henttonen ,&nbsp;Esa Koskela ,&nbsp;Tapio Mappes ,&nbsp;Saana Sipari ,&nbsp;Eva R. Kallio","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transmission dynamics of the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) remain enigmatic. New lineages of the European TBEV-variant have been emerging in areas where it was not expected to circulate, questioning their origins. Although <em>Ixodes ricinus</em> and <em>I. persulcatus</em> are primary vectors for TBEV, other tick species have also been proposed to transmit the virus. Under natural conditions, <em>I. trianguliceps</em> can maintain <em>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</em> and <em>Babesia microti</em> circulation, but not <em>Borrelia burgdorferi</em> sensu lato. As <em>I. trianguliceps</em> is reported to be a vector for TBEV, we investigated whether it can sustain a cryptic TBEV transmission in areas without <em>I. ricinus</em> and/or <em>I. persulcatus.</em> Sera from 951 bank voles from six sites in Finland, where <em>I. trianguliceps,</em> but neither <em>I. ricinus</em> nor <em>I. persulcatus</em>, have been observed, were negative for TBEV antibodies, and <em>B. burgdorferi</em> s.l., but positive for <em>A. phagocytophilum</em> and <em>B. microti</em>. In contrast, 32 bank voles from two endemic TBEV-foci, where <em>I. ricinus</em>/<em>I. persulcatus</em> are abundant, were positive for TBEV-antibodies as well as <em>B. burgdorferi</em> s.l., <em>A. phagocytophilum</em> and <em>B. microti</em>. Our results provide no evidence that TBEV would circulate alone by <em>I. trianguliceps</em> under natural conditions. Our results corroborate previous findings that <em>A. phagocytophilum</em> and <em>B. microti</em>, but neither TBEV nor <em>B. burgdorferi</em> s.l., can be sustained in the absence of <em>I. ricinus</em>/<em>I. persulcatus</em>. Whether TBEV can circulate in cryptic cycles or whether <em>I. trianguliceps</em> contributes to the maintenance of TBEV in the rodent - tick cycle, remains unresolved, but warrants further investigations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100467"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disruption of aprF result in alkaline protease secretion-deficiency in Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates that enhances host inflammatory responses via Toll-like receptor 5","authors":"Mellissa Gaudet ,&nbsp;Matthew Marabella ,&nbsp;Julie Bérubé ,&nbsp;Lyvia Fourcade ,&nbsp;Roger Lévesque ,&nbsp;Dao Nguyen ,&nbsp;Simon Rousseau","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> is an opportunistic pathogen that often colonizes the airways of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF), and bronchiectasis causing chronic infection. When <em>P. aeruginosa</em> is confronted with various environmental conditions, it undergoes microevolution. To improve our understanding of the host-pathogen interactions occurring during chronic infections, we evaluated the host inflammatory responses to <em>P. aeruginosa</em> strains co-colonizing the lungs of pwCF. Differential inflammatory responses were elicited by several pairs of co-isolated <em>P. aeruginosa</em> strains in human bronchial epithelial cells. Characterization of these clinical isolates was initiated to find the factors explaining these divergent immune responses. Clonal relativeness of the co-isolated strains was confirmed by Multilocus Sequence Typing, and differential virulence patterns of the co-isolated strains was shown conserved across species using an <em>in vivo Hydra vulgaris</em> model. By comparing Single Nucleotide Variants (SNVs) of the co-isolated <em>P. aeruginosa</em> strains, the alkaline protease secretion protein F (<em>aprF)</em> gene was identified as a modulator of host IL-8 expression. <em>aprF</em> mutations led to decreased proteolytic activity in culture supernatants, leading to increased levels of flagellin and subsequent activation of TLR5 on bronchial cells. We propose a mechanism linking the dysfunction of <em>aprF</em> to the sequestration of the alkaline protease AprA, increasing flagellin recognition by the host through TLR5 activation promoting heightened inflammatory immune responses. In addition to <em>aprF</em>, we report several other <em>P. aeruginosa</em> candidate genes that can modulate host inflammatory responses. Understanding interaction between <em>P. aeruginosa</em> and lung mucosa in pwCF or bronchiectasis is essential to the development of improved therapies that will mitigate the damaging chronic inflammation, thereby improving the quality of life and survival of people with these diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100463"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144702662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exopolysaccharide production by Heyndrickxia oleronia strain EPHOS1 isolated from brewery wastewater sludge for enhanced bioremediation of heavy metal-impacted ecosystem","authors":"Idorenyin Oscar Jacob ,&nbsp;Veronica Jarlath Umoh ,&nbsp;Ukponobong Effiong Antia ,&nbsp;Sinyene Idorenyin Umanah ,&nbsp;Bassey Etta Agbo","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bacteria produce exopolysaccharide (EPS) as adaptive means to survive environmental stress, including accumulation of heavy metal pollutants. EPS production and biosorption have been widely studied in bacteria, yet none addresses the potentials of <em>Heyndrickxia oleronia</em>. This study was therefore designed to biologically remove heavy metals from polluted environment using the EPS produced by <em>Heyndrickxia oleronia</em> EPHOS1. This bacteria strain has the advantage of high EPS yield and affinity for heavy metal adsorption over other strains. EPS was extracted by ethanol precipitation, its carbohydrate and protein composition performed by phenol-sulphuric acid and bicinchoninic acid methods. The functional group was determined using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectrometer and the biosorption experiment performed in a single-metal and multi-metal batch systems. EPS yield of 0.46 ± 0.02 g/100 ml was obtained from the bacteria strain after 48 h at 27 °C and the extract had significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) higher carbohydrate (68.50 ± 1.3^a %) than protein (13.52 ± 1.6^b %). Functional groups such as hydroxyl (OH), amine (N-H), methylene (C–H), carbonyl (C<img>O), ether (C-O-C), and carbonyl sulfide (C-O-S) were identified. The biosorption efficiency (%) of the EPS was significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) higher in the single-metal aqueous system than in the multi-metal aqueous system, with highest efficiency (79.6 ± 0.41 % to 62.6 ± 0.11 %) for Pb²⁺ and lowest efficiency (71.0 ± 0.81 % to 41.3 ± 1.12 %) for Cr⁶⁺ than Cu²⁺ and Cd²⁺ in both systems. Optimum biosorption was achieved at 5.0 mg/L initial metal concentration, EPS concentration of 2.0 g/L, 80 min contact time, pH 6.0 – 6.5, 40 °C temperature, and 160 rpm agitation speed. The biosorption mechanism follows the Langmuir isotherm model of a monolayer adsorbent. This study presents <em>Heyndrickxia oleronia</em> EPHOS1 as a novel EPS producer with the capacity to remove heavy metals (Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, Cr⁶⁺, and Cu²⁺) from polluted environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100470"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barcoding of bioluminescent microbiont inhabiting marine squid to synthesize multifunctional nanoparticles","authors":"M. Vanishree ,&nbsp;G.L. Aruna ,&nbsp;S. Niranjan Raj ,&nbsp;Aakifa Maryam ,&nbsp;K. Manju ,&nbsp;H. Shayista ,&nbsp;Ravi kumara ,&nbsp;T.K. Pavan ,&nbsp;Syed Baker","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study presents the eco-friendly synthesis of multifunctional silver nanoparticles (MSNs) from bioluminescent bacterium isolated from the marine squid <em>Uroteuthis duvaucelii</em>. The synthesis was confirmed by a UV-Vis spectroscopy with spectral peak at 227 nm, while Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis identified functional groups at different vibrational stretches including hydroxyl at 3369 cm⁻¹ and amide corresponding to 1641 cm⁻¹. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the crystalline nature of the synthesized MSNs. Compared to control groups (mean OD: 0.4527 and 0.4157, respectively), MSN-treated samples showed a drastic reduction in bacterial growth with mean OD values of 0.0113 (±0.0006) for <em>P. aeruginosa</em> and 0.014 (±0.001) for <em>S. typhi</em>, confirming significant antimicrobial activity. Additionally, MSNs exhibited 30 % degradation of crystal violet and cotton blue. In seed germination assays, <em>Vigna radiata</em> and <em>Macrotyloma uniflorum</em> showed 48.2 % growth promotion. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis for partial separation of crude metabolites revealed the presence of multiple bands with prominent band at <em>R</em>_<em>f</em> value of 0.6. Molecular barcoding identified the microbiont as <em>Photobacterium leiognathi</em> (GenBank accession OR459843). RNA secondary structure analysis revealed an MFE of −243.50 kcal/mol, while the thermodynamic ensemble had −254.72 kcal/mol. The centroid structure, an alternative conformation, had −204.90 kcal/mol with an ensemble diversity of 175.90. This study enhances knowledge of marine microflora for sustainable synthesis of nanomaterials with broad-spectrum applications in biomedicine, environmental remediation, and agriculture. The practical application of these findings will require additional field-level experiments, scale-up studies, and ecological risk assessments to ensure translational relevance beyond the laboratory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole genome sequencing and identification of a new subtype of Borrelia lusitaniae from Ixodes ricinus tick in Slovenia","authors":"Katja Strašek Smrdel ,&nbsp;Andraž Celar Šturm ,&nbsp;Alenka Babič ,&nbsp;Vladimir Ivović ,&nbsp;Eva Ružić Sabljić","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Vector-borne diseases are becoming increasingly important in public health. The incidence of Lyme borreliosis in Slovenia continues to rise. Therefore, screening the prevalence of <em>Borrelia</em> spp. in vectors and their hosts is very important. Rarely, but still, it is possible to discover new species or subtypes in a new region.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>As part of a master’s thesis, a study group collected ticks in a coastal area of Slovenia. The ticks were incubated in an MKP medium for a possible <em>Borrelia</em> culture. Borrelia DNA was extracted from positive cultures. We performed classical molecular genotyping methods to complement whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Using classical genotyping, we confirmed previously undetected <em>Borrelia</em> species in a Slovenian tick, <em>Borrelia lusitanie</em>. Using large restriction fragment polymorphisms (LRFP) with the enzyme <em>Mlu</em>I, we were able to detect a new LRFP subtype of <em>Borrelia lusitanie</em>, namely Mll3. Using WGS, we identified a new MLST type (ST-1154) and reconstructed five linear plasmids (lp17, lp25, lp28–8, lp54 and lp56+38) and two circular plasmids (cp26 and cp32–11+1).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Regular screening of vectors and their hosts for the presence of <em>Borrelia</em> pathogens is important to detect the spread of different species in new areas. When reconstructing <em>Borrelia</em> plasmids, it is very important to apply different assembly methods and to critically analyse the results in order to select suitable contigs for further trimming and to successfully generate a complete consensus genome of high quality from hybrid read data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100473"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catharanthus roseus leaf-based green synthesis of silver oxide nanoparticles: Characterization, phytochemicals screening and antimicrobial activity","authors":"Anu Sharma ,&nbsp;Avneet Kaur","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green synthesis of nanoparticles using plant extracts has emerged as a promising approach that aligns with environmental safety and cost-effectiveness. Plant extracts are not only rich in phytochemical constituents, but also serve as less toxic alternative to conventional chemical processes. In this study, simple precipitation method was employed for the synthesis of <em>Catharanthus roseus</em> leaf based silver oxide nanoparticles (NPs). Aqueous plant extract was screened for the estimation of different phytochemicals such as alkaloids, tannins, proteins, saponins, and phenols. Further the fabricated silver oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized using FT-IR (functional group detection), XRD (crystallite size), SEM (morphology) and EDS (elemental detection) techniques. The average calculated crystallite size lies in the range 0–6 nm.The antimicrobial property of fabricated NPs was analyzed against <em>E.coli</em> and <em>Rhizopus sp</em>. Ag₂O nanoparticles (Ag₂O NPs) exhibited significant antifungal (21 ± 1.3 mm) and antibacterial (19 ± 0.78 mm) activity, while the leaf extract alone showed no antimicrobial activity. Standard drugs [(Ciprofloxacin, 60 ± 0.25 mm) and (Fluconazole, 32 ± 1.1 mm)] demonstrated the highest zones of inhibition. Being a promising source of phytochemicals <em>Catharanthus roseus</em> leaf and leaf based fabricated silver oxide NPs could be used in health benefiting herbal formulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100469"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional bioactivities of compounds derived from Streptomyces sp. MFB28: Antibacterial, antioxidant, and antiproliferative effects","authors":"Nadia Zougagh ,&nbsp;Assia Mouslim ,&nbsp;Saad Menggad ,&nbsp;Zineb Azoubi ,&nbsp;Ayoub El Abbassi ,&nbsp;Norddine Habti ,&nbsp;Mohammed El Khasmi ,&nbsp;Mohammed Menggad","doi":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100468","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microb.2025.100468","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing threat of antimicrobial resistance and limited cancer treatment options necessitate novel bioactive compounds. This study evaluated the antibacterial, antioxidant, and antiproliferative activities of <em>Streptomyces</em> sp. MFB28, which was isolated from Moroccan soil. Secondary metabolites were extracted from culture supernatant and mycelium using chloroform, ethanol, and water. Antibacterial activity was tested against five bacterial strains by disk diffusion and microdilution assays; antioxidant capacity was assessed via DPPH scavenging; cytotoxicity and apoptosis were evaluated using MTT assays on P3 and U2OS cells, and flow cytometry on U2OS cells. The chloroform extract exhibited potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (MICs: 6.25 µg/mL for <em>S. aureus</em>, 3.125 µg/mL for <em>Micrococcus luteus</em>). Antioxidant analysis revealed strong radical scavenging activity in both aqueous and chloroform extracts, with IC₅₀ = 60.1 and 133.3 µg/mL, respectively, while the ethanol extract showed the most potent effect (IC₅₀ = 54.3 µg/mL). In cytotoxicity assays, the chloroform and ethanol extracts showed significant antiproliferative effects on murine myeloid P3 cells, with IC₅₀ = 10 and 18.587 µg/mL, respectively. Both induced dose-dependent cancer cell growth inhibition, with complete inhibition at 40 µg/mL. Flow cytometry on U2OS cells revealed apoptosis induction via sub-G1 arrest (chloroform extract) and G1/S arrest (aqueous extract), indicating distinct mechanisms of action. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of <em>Streptomyces</em> sp. MFB28, particularly for its selective antibacterial effects and dual antioxidant–anticancer properties. The strain’s origin from Moroccan soil underscores the untapped diversity of actinobacteria in this environment, offering a promising source of novel natural compounds. This study lays the groundwork for future chemical characterization and in vivo evaluation of its bioactive metabolites for potential drug development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101246,"journal":{"name":"The Microbe","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100468"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}