{"title":"Technology multinational enterprises from emerging markets: Competitive interplay of international entry timing decisions","authors":"Quang-Tuan Bui , Fang-Yi Lo","doi":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Given the context that technology is becoming ever more important, research about technology multinational enterprises (MNEs) is also increasing, but from technology in the international business context, especially concerning entry timing, there is scant literature. Therefore, from the perspective of game theory this research examines how different aspects of host countries and players’ resources affect the decision on entry timing into foreign countries. The data comprise 979 technology-based Taiwanese firms operating in service and manufacturing industries, mainly collected from the Taiwan Economic Journal and World Bank databases. The empirical findings show that firm resources and experiences, host country uncertainties, and investment payoff all influence the entry timing into foreign countries. This research contributes to the current knowledge about technology-based service and manufacturing firms on what factors they consider when choosing the time to invest into foreign countries, especially for technology MNEs from emerging markets.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101202,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship","volume":"1 3","pages":"Article 100019"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773032822000190/pdfft?md5=49033aada364eb55df107f5057310a60&pid=1-s2.0-S2773032822000190-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90378663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amelia Pérez Zabaleta , Pascual Fernández , Juan F. Prados-Castillo , Mónica de Castro-Pardo
{"title":"Constructing fuzzy composite indicators to support water policy entrepreneurship","authors":"Amelia Pérez Zabaleta , Pascual Fernández , Juan F. Prados-Castillo , Mónica de Castro-Pardo","doi":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Composite indicators play a very useful role in supporting international policy entrepreneurship, helping to inform decision-making processes and to address conflicts between countries. In this paper we present a Fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis (Fuzzy-DEA) model to construct composite indicators based on time series under the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) approach in order to evaluate water security in 10 European water security hotspots. First, we identified nine indicators within the PSR framework. Second, we aggregated the indicators in each PSR set using a Fuzzy-DEA model. Finally, we compared the PSR results under pessimistic, optimistic and neutral scenarios. Results show that, overall, Bulgaria achieved the best pressure, state and response performance. In terms of responses, Spain registered the best performance after Bulgaria, despite the fact that it suffers from the highest pressures of all the analyzed countries. Estonia achieved the best state performance in all three scenarios, but worse results in responses than Bulgaria and Spain. Cyprus and Belgium registered the highest variability for pressures, Spain for state and Portugal for responses.</p><p>The model was able to pinpoint the problems that political strategies and urgent actions should seek to tackle, while providing information regarding the variability of the indicators over time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101202,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship","volume":"1 3","pages":"Article 100022"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773032822000220/pdfft?md5=eeea14aa0acb3bdb6f7bb82c4d1bda19&pid=1-s2.0-S2773032822000220-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89608311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mandatory corporate social responsibility and firm performance in emerging economies: An institution-based view","authors":"Virendra Balon , Sri Yogi Kottala , K.S. Reddy","doi":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Leveraging theoretical insights from Mike W. Peng's institution-based view, this paper examines how mandatory corporate social responsibility investment regulations impact on firm performance in emerging economies, such as India. We thus first discuss the overview of India's statutory provisions and disclosure guidelines related to corporate social responsibility, which became effective from the financial year 2014–2015. Then, because in the emerging economy, formal institutional environments such as the rule of law greatly influence a firm's strategic decisions and performance, we propose a contingency framework of the impact of mandatory corporate social responsibility investment on a firm's overall performance, i.e., firm-specific advantages, financial outcome, and competitive advantage. In this way, we also explore how corporate social responsibility implementing intermediary agencies’ mediating role with third-party contractual terms will moderate the relationship between the focal firm's social investment agendas and performance. In so doing, the study contributes to and advances understanding of the institution-based perspective on the relationship between the focal firm's mandatory social investment and performance in emerging economies and brings the institution-based view into the mainstream of corporate social responsibility literature. Taken together, the novelty of our work is to study the association between sustainable social agendas and firm-specific and competitive advantages, as well as the mediating role of registered social intermediary agencies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101202,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship","volume":"1 3","pages":"Article 100023"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773032822000232/pdfft?md5=b4df438db43c0f47b91b1043a54d2dfb&pid=1-s2.0-S2773032822000232-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77046596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characterizing sustainability materiality: ESG materiality determination in technology venturing","authors":"Chester K.M. To, K.P. Chau","doi":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study posits that technology actors and stakeholders hold different intentions for sustainability interests. This dissimilarity between sustainability intentions determines the strategic choice of materiality setting adopted when disclosing non-standardized (i.e. non-financial) data to the public in order to reach unbiased sustainability decisions. Inherently, non-standardized data is contextually specific and dynamic, especially in the technology innovation and venturing contexts. Materiality should have rationality and detailed characterization; as such, highly visible sustainability values and concomitant challenges can be addressed thoroughly. Based on institutional and social psychology perspectives, this study proposes a materiality characterization model that connects four thematic dimensions: reflexivity, proximity/immediacy, centrality, and materiality morality. The materiality characterization model helps to determine materiality contents and disclose collective sustainability interests in technology advancement and entrepreneurship. To investigate this connection, we conducted industrial interviews in over 13 technology-innovation and technology-venturing cases, and we applied a recursive induction analysis to make conclusions based on the findings. The results indicate the importance of sustainability materiality for social dialogues – a bottom-up social governance for technology advancement. In conclusion, we affirm that the characterization model acts as a meta-technology to propel sustainable innovation and venturing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101202,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship","volume":"1 3","pages":"Article 100024"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773032822000244/pdfft?md5=b4a6d0f462488002228701bef73e31e8&pid=1-s2.0-S2773032822000244-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86746371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hanna Dijkstra , Pieter van Beukering , Roy Brouwer
{"title":"Marine plastic entrepreneurship; Exploring drivers, barriers and value creation in the blue economy","authors":"Hanna Dijkstra , Pieter van Beukering , Roy Brouwer","doi":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Entrepreneurs working to tackle marine challenges are contributing to the Blue Economy by developing new technologies, services and products that can simultaneously stimulate economic growth and deliver environmental benefits. We study a subset of these blue entrepreneurs focused on marine plastic pollution mitigation, since little is known about the business models deployed and their associated drivers and barriers in this emerging industry. We utilize a multiple case study approach to analyze the business models of 96 startups working to manage marine plastic and identify four business model categories: 1) consumer targeted solutions, 2) government and business solutions, 3) companies focused on value chain development, and 4) startups that generate revenue to fund plastic waste recovery. These four BMs differ in how they create environmental benefits, as well as their economic value capture or revenue models. We then conducted 19 interviews with entrepreneurs (20% of the sample) and six experts to understand the conditions that support or hinder business model development. We find that entrepreneurial challenges and motivations associated with starting a new business are experienced by all companies, regardless of the business model chosen. Other relevant drivers include the availability of financing early on in business development, a supportive culture and positive and constructive market response. Challenges include competition from less sustainable businesses that may negatively influence the legitimacy of the industry, as well as slow government responses. Finally, we propose recommendations for policy makers to encourage blue entrepreneurship and for practitioners to prepare for identified barriers and predict avenues of support.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101202,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship","volume":"1 3","pages":"Article 100018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773032822000189/pdfft?md5=7e021aae7ad6023e5629ba9bb0bc0f34&pid=1-s2.0-S2773032822000189-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84836205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sustainable digital transformation for ambidextrous digital firms: systematic literature review, meta-analysis and agenda for future research directions","authors":"Brighton Nyagadza","doi":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study examines sustainable digital transformation aspects, comprehensively unpack their nature and implications to digital marketing firms’ ambidexterity. Sustainable digital transformation building blocks are discussed in detail. It further identifies and delineates sustainable growth strategies for digital marketing firms in order to successfully transform digitally. Business Model Theory (BMT) has been used as the theory informing the current study and is based on the PRISMA methodology. Sustainable digital transformation is influenced by a variety of factors and as a process, it is triggered by digital disruption which forces digital firms to seek for value creation and structural changes. Systematic literature review period was from January 2012 to April 2022 (ten year time gap). A conceptual modelling framework has been developed for future research to test and validate its applicability and relevancy to similar studies to the current one. Future researchers are encouraged to consider alternative methodologies to examine sustainable digital transformation within a longitudinal research design.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101202,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship","volume":"1 3","pages":"Article 100020"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773032822000207/pdfft?md5=eb9cf1d9a0922fc8fa46cdb5e6be9fb4&pid=1-s2.0-S2773032822000207-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80600752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electronic waste management scenario in Bangladesh: policies, recommendations, and case study at Dhaka and Chittagong for a sustainable solution","authors":"Hridoy Roy, Md.Shahinoor Islam, Shafaul Haque, M.H. Riyad","doi":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bangladesh produces 3 million metric ton (MMT) of e-waste, including ship-breaking yards, each year. The leachate from dumped e-waste contains toxic heavy metals and organics that are detrimental to animals, humans, and the environment. The proper legislation and systematic e-waste management strategies have not yet been established in Bangladesh. This study reported the upgradation of the e-waste policies, e.g., the Factory Act, 1965 to Hazardous Waste (e-waste) Management, 2021 of the government of Bangladesh (GoB). A field survey was conducted for an in-depth understanding of the current scenario of e-waste management in Dhaka and Chittagong and total e-waste streamflow has been presented. The usage trend of electronic products (cell phones, refrigerators, television, computers, and air conditioners), the average lifetime of these products, and knowledge of e-waste were explored by the face-to-face questionnaire-based interviews. Cell phones were found to be the significant contributors to e-waste in Bangladesh. The study suggests that systematic e-waste management policies can improve the total scenario. An integrated e-waste recycling facility based on life cycle analysis (LCA) and materials flow analysis (MFA) must be introduced. The recycling process has been discussed, and recommendation has been pointed out for Bangladesh. Based on the study, printed circuit boards (PCBs)-based metal recovery business model from mobiles and computers worth $1 billion/yr by 2030 has been proposed. State-of-the-art technologies in recycling plants and disposal site selection criteria are essential factors for the safer management of e-waste in Bangladesh. Environmental awareness has to be developed for a sustainable and long-term e-waste management system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101202,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship","volume":"1 3","pages":"Article 100025"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773032822000256/pdfft?md5=af04b2ecb2567817d18013d4f289e47a&pid=1-s2.0-S2773032822000256-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87878423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Urban entrepreneurship and sustainable businesses in smart cities: Exploring the role of digital technologies","authors":"Leo-Paul Dana , Aidin Salamzadeh , Morteza Hadizadeh , Ghazaleh Heydari , Soroush Shamsoddin","doi":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The entrance of sustainable and digital technologies into urban entrepreneurship is a new approach that provides a fertile ground for innovation in businesses. Hence, businesses use new models and methods of entrepreneurship in the context of smart cities to increase their capability and become more sustainable, which leads to their development and expansion. This research aims to investigate the effects of urban entrepreneurship on sustainable businesses in smart cities considering the role of digital technologies. The statistical population of this study is all active technology-based firms located in Tehran in 2022. Then, according to Cochran's formula, 315 firms were selected randomly as the sample. This research is an applied and descriptive-survey research and is quantitative in terms of the type of collected data. The data were analysed using Smart PLS 3 software, structural equation modelling (SEM), and the partial least squares methods. As a result, research findings show that urban entrepreneurship creates and develops the studied firms in both quantitative and qualitative aspects by using and benefiting from digital technologies considering the new needs of cities and achieving business sustainability in smart cities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101202,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100016"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773032822000165/pdfft?md5=fff949f5c54fab3e7e587c0c8d76ea23&pid=1-s2.0-S2773032822000165-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73636906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caledonia T.C. Trapp , Dominik K. Kanbach , Sascha Kraus
{"title":"Sector coupling and business models towards sustainability: The case of the hydrogen vehicle industry","authors":"Caledonia T.C. Trapp , Dominik K. Kanbach , Sascha Kraus","doi":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The concept of sector coupling has been gaining increased momentum in political discourses during the past few years but it has only recently received the attention of international academics. The private sector is particularly relevant to foster sector coupling through entrepreneurial action – specifically, innovative business models for more sustainable technologies are needed to promote a transition towards more sustainability. So far, however, the literature on business models from a sector coupling perspective is scarce yet strongly emerging. To address the identified research gaps and enhance the current knowledge on the emerging hydrogen vehicle industry and sector coupling, this study adopts a qualitative and exploratory research approach and builds on information gained in 103 semi-structured interviews to discuss emerging business models in Germany. In particular, 33 business cases have been analyzed. Anchoring business model theory to the concept of sector coupling, this study identifies 12 business model archetypes in the emerging hydrogen vehicle industry and its value chain. It can be shown that, while the market is still emerging and the market players are not defined and are evolving, companies are currently engaged in finding their position along the value chain, fostering vertical integration, and promoting cooperation between the different sectors. While this study is relevant for both the academia and the industry, it is particularly interesting for policy makers shaping the future of sustainable development, specifically considering integrated energy systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101202,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100014"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773032822000141/pdfft?md5=64d8f58768fe0127df3056bfed8a2272&pid=1-s2.0-S2773032822000141-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84660516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Organizational sustainability identity: ‘New Work’ of home offices and coworking spaces as facilitators","authors":"Ricarda B. Bouncken, Artur Lapidus, Yixin Qui","doi":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stae.2022.100011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Increasingly, firms need to cope with challenges related to sustainability and ecological transformation while also experiencing an ongoing transformation by implementing New Work forms, a trend even more accelerated by the Covid 19 pandemic. The current study submits the concept of an ‘Organizational Sustainability Identity’ (OSI). It represents a firm's holistic inclination toward sustainability and the ecological transformation. New Work, often understood to advance work satisfaction, creativity, and entrepreneurship might particularly facilitate the evolvement of an OSI, such as by providing more autonomous and humane work while lowering CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. We systematically examine New Work related to home offices, coworking spaces, and hybrid multilocal work at the backdrop of supporting the construction of an OSI. In essence, New Work can contribute to the evolvement of an OSI by improving humane work, bridging factual activities that reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, and especially by supporting social interactions which facilitate the construction of a shared identity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101202,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100011"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773032822000116/pdfft?md5=5aa1b2eed7143d2abe514397c79f598f&pid=1-s2.0-S2773032822000116-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87450611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}