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Monthly specific Rietveld's correlations 每月特定的Rietveld相关性
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90100-G
Alfonso Soler
{"title":"Monthly specific Rietveld's correlations","authors":"Alfonso Soler","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90100-G","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90100-G","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using yearly and half-yearly data Rietveld developed a method currently used to estimate monthly average daily global radiation on horizontal surfaces (<span><math><mtext>H</mtext></math></span>). In the present work Rietveld's method is applied to monthly data obtained for 100 European stations. The method is validated for <span><math><mtext>S</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mtext>/</mtext><mtext>S</mtext><mtext> ≲ 10</mtext></math></span>, where <span><math><mtext>S</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>0</mn></msub></math></span> is the monthly average day length, and <span><math><mtext>S</mtext></math></span> is the monthly average daily sunshine duration. To estimate values of <span><math><mtext>H</mtext></math></span>, 12 monthly specific correlations and one correlation valid for all months are obtained for the mentioned data using Rietveld's method. Statistical comparison of monthly specific and non-specific correlations shows that relating the root mean square error, for 70% of the stations monthly specific correlations give better results than the non-specific correlations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 305-308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90100-G","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86927078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 56
Effect of shadow on the load matching of dc motors with solar cell array 阴影对太阳能电池阵列直流电机负载匹配的影响
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90047-6
A.K. Sharma, R. Dwivedi, S.K. Srivastava
{"title":"Effect of shadow on the load matching of dc motors with solar cell array","authors":"A.K. Sharma,&nbsp;R. Dwivedi,&nbsp;S.K. Srivastava","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90047-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90047-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Direct current motors are employed in photovoltaic water pumping systems; therefore, the understanding of the system operation and the matching of the system components (arrays and dc motor type) are important factors of the system design. The present study deals with the performance analysis of dc motors (series and shunt motors) powered by a solar cell array (without bypass and with bypass diode) under different shadowing conditions. The result shows that the shunt motor gives good matching to the solar cell array under shadow conditions and it has better shadow tolerance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 6","pages":"Pages 719-723"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90047-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74728653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative study of box-type solar cookers in nicaragua 尼加拉瓜箱式太阳能炊具的比较研究
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90031-V
Daniel M. Kammen, William F. Lankford
{"title":"Comparative study of box-type solar cookers in nicaragua","authors":"Daniel M. Kammen,&nbsp;William F. Lankford","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90031-V","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90031-V","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two box-type solar ovens were performance tested under various measured solar intensity conditions. One oven was the Kerr-Cole Eco-cooker assembled from a prefabricated cardboard kit. The second model was made of plywood and involved more elaborate construction. We adopt a simple parameter-free index to aid in the comparison of oven performance. Unlike other oven test procedures this index emphasizes the dynamic cooking capability of the ovens. We find that despite a substantially reduced thermal capacity the cardboard oven exhibited a maximum temperature and sufficient thermal stability for cooking similar quantities of food to that of the plywood model. The prospects for large scale introduction of the ovens in Nicaragua is evaluated in terms of local needs and interest.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 4","pages":"Pages 463-471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90031-V","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82533765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Coil-coating paints for solar collector panels—I. Characterization and performance tests 太阳能集热器用卷材涂料1。特性和性能测试
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90044-3
B. Orel, Z. Crnjak Orel, M. Bosanac, A. Krainer
{"title":"Coil-coating paints for solar collector panels—I. Characterization and performance tests","authors":"B. Orel,&nbsp;Z. Crnjak Orel,&nbsp;M. Bosanac,&nbsp;A. Krainer","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90044-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90044-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thickness sensitive spectrally selective (TSSS) paint coatings for solar collector panels are described and their chemical, mechanical and optical properties are summarized and measured. TSSS paint coatings (Solariselect®) are made by the coil-coating application method. Large scale samples have <em>a</em><sub>s</sub> = 0.92 and <em>e</em>T =0.38. Solar collector production was established since 1987. Performance tests showed that at least a 20% increase in performance has been obtained with Solariselect<sup>®</sup> paint coatings in comparison with painted spectrally non-selective coatings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 6","pages":"Pages 699-705"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90044-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84113743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The dependence of the distribution of the monthly average hourly diffuse radiation on the values of the daily sunshine fraction 月平均小时漫射辐射分布与日日照分值的关系
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90061-6
Alfonso Soler
{"title":"The dependence of the distribution of the monthly average hourly diffuse radiation on the values of the daily sunshine fraction","authors":"Alfonso Soler","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90061-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90061-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Many authors have presented plots of <span><math><mtext>r</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn><mtext>d</mtext></mn></msub><mtext> = </mtext><mtext>I</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn><mtext>d</mtext></mn></msub><mtext>/</mtext><mtext>H</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn><mtext>d</mtext></mn></msub><mtext>vs</mtext><mtext>S</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>0</mn></msub></math></span>, where <span><math><mtext>I</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn><mtext>d</mtext></mn></msub></math></span> is the monthly average hourly diffuse radiation and <span><math><mtext>H</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn><mtext>d</mtext></mn></msub></math></span> the monthly average daily global radiation, both on a horizontal surface, <span><math><mtext>S</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>)</mn></msub></math></span> being the monthly average daily number of possible sunshine hours. These plots are established using all the measured values of the hourly diffuse radiation, independently of the state of the sky. In the present work the dependence of the <span><math><mtext>r</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn><mtext>d</mtext></mn></msub></math></span> vs <span><math><mtext>S</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>0</mn></msub></math></span> plots on the values of <em>σ</em> = <em>S</em>/<em>S</em><sub>0</sub> is studied for Uccle, <em>S</em> being the daily number of sunshine hours and <em>S</em><sub>0</sub> the astronomical day length. Values of <span><math><mtext>I</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn><mtext>d</mtext></mn></msub></math></span> are used for days with <em>σ</em> = 0; 0 &lt; <em>σ</em> ⩽ 0.1; …; 0.8 &lt; <em>σ</em> ⩽ 0.9; <em>σ</em> &gt; 0.9. For σ &gt; 0.5 and the hours centred at 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 5.5 and 6.5 h from the solar noon a dependence of the <span><math><mtext>r</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn><mtext>d</mtext></mn></msub></math></span> vs <span><math><mtext>S</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>0</mn></msub></math></span> plots on σ is obtained.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 5","pages":"Pages 545-547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90061-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79128267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Growing, harvesting and marketing coppice eucalyptus trees for fuelwood 种植、收获和销售灌木桉树作为薪柴
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90005-M
Ralph E.H. Sims
{"title":"Growing, harvesting and marketing coppice eucalyptus trees for fuelwood","authors":"Ralph E.H. Sims","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90005-M","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90005-M","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several species of short rotation coppice trees can be considered for production of fuelwood for both the domestic and industrial markets. The preferred species in most districts of New Zealand is eucalyptus. Planted at 5000 trees/hectare, the first harvest after three years yields around 60 t/ha air dried. Subsequent harvests are likely to be at two-yearly intervals subject to further evaluation. The cost analyses of establishment, production and processing including transport, storage, and distribution costs, are discussed. A market assessment of domestic firewood is summarized along with a technique to compare the costs of competitive fuels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 15-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90005-M","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81135368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
An evaluation of wind energy potential as a power generation source in Nigeria 对尼日利亚作为发电来源的风能潜力的评估
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90041-Y
J.O. Ojosu, R.I. Salawu
{"title":"An evaluation of wind energy potential as a power generation source in Nigeria","authors":"J.O. Ojosu,&nbsp;R.I. Salawu","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90041-Y","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90041-Y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work a statistical analysis of wind energy available in different parts of Nigeria is carried out, using Weibull distribution and 15 years of wind data. Twelve sites are selected in the four distinctive regions identified; 1.0–2.0, 2.1–3.0, 3.1–4.1 and &gt;4.1 m/s. The results show the Weibull distribution, power and speed duration curves, the values of shape and scale parameters of the Weibull distribution, the speed frequency distribution and their cumulative duration in hours. The wind energy potential is evaluated for the use of rural communities in these regions. The cost benefit analysis shows the economic feasibility of using wind energy conversion systems for electric power generation and supply in the country.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 6","pages":"Pages 663-673"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90041-Y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88783607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 42
Tallow esters and vegetable oils as alternative diesel fuels—A review of the New Zealand programme 牛脂酯和植物油作为替代柴油燃料-新西兰计划综述
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90008-P
R.E.H. Sims
{"title":"Tallow esters and vegetable oils as alternative diesel fuels—A review of the New Zealand programme","authors":"R.E.H. Sims","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90008-P","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90008-P","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A long term research programme investigating the production, processing and utilization of triglyceride oils/fats as diesel fuel substitutes has recently been completed. Vegetable oils and animal fats when converted into esters have been conclusively shown to be technically suitable for use as fuels for compression ignition engines. They can be blended with diesel fuel at any level or used neat. Conversion into esters is a simple chemical process which can be carried out on a small or large scale. Current values of crude oil at around US$20/barrel make it an uneconomic proposition to produce and process vegetable oils for fuel purposes. In the longer term if and when oil prices rise again, the use of vegetable oil fuels may become an economically viable option. In the meantime research programmes continue in countries aiming to utilize surplus rural land and in those wishing to become independent of unreliable oil product imports.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 31-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90008-P","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77712651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Photovoltaics as renewable energy resources on remote Pacific Islands 在遥远的太平洋岛屿上，光伏作为可再生能源
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90003-K
C.R. Lloyd, S. Tukana
{"title":"Photovoltaics as renewable energy resources on remote Pacific Islands","authors":"C.R. Lloyd,&nbsp;S. Tukana","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90003-K","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90003-K","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Energy Studies Unit (University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji) has been monitoring a number of photovoltaic installations in remote island locations in the South Pacific region. Household lighting schemes are reviewed in Tuvalu and Tonga. Medical refrigeration is reviewed in the Solomons, Tuvalu and Papua New Guinea. Serious problems were found with all the systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 3-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90003-K","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73385536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Bio energy: A case study of Kelp Industries, King Island, Tasmania 生物能源:塔斯马尼亚国王岛海带工业的案例研究
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90006-N
R.J. Davies
{"title":"Bio energy: A case study of Kelp Industries, King Island, Tasmania","authors":"R.J. Davies","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90006-N","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90006-N","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 1984 Kelp Industries converted a seaweed drying kiln from oil to wood firing. Annual oil cost savings of over $100,000 are now being achieved. Based on detailed resource assessment, and a 15 year contract of sale, wood supply to the company is assured. Retention of money in the island economy has had a community benefit, viability of logging operations has been improved, and Kelp Industries are now more internationally competitive.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 21-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90006-N","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72984587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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