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Eddy-current separation by permanent magnets part I: Theory 永磁体涡流分离第1部分:理论
Resources and Conservation Pub Date : 1986-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/0166-3097(86)90014-3
H.J.L. Van Der Valk, B.C. Braam, W.L. Dalmijn
{"title":"Eddy-current separation by permanent magnets part I: Theory","authors":"H.J.L. Van Der Valk,&nbsp;B.C. Braam,&nbsp;W.L. Dalmijn","doi":"10.1016/0166-3097(86)90014-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0166-3097(86)90014-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In eddy-current separation, forces are exerted on non-ferrous metal particles to separate these metals from solid material mixtures. These forces depend on the magnetic field inducing the eddy currents as well as on the electric conductivity and the shapes and sizes of the particles.</p><p>The present paper provides model calculations of the forces exerted in a vertical eddy-current separator. A quality factor was developed by which the magnetic configuration of these systems can be optimized. The quality factor was also used to design rotating disc separators.</p><p>In both separation systems the magnetic fields are produced by permanent magnets.</p><p>The validity of the model calculations was tested by measurement of the exerted forces.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101079,"journal":{"name":"Resources and Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0166-3097(86)90014-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81668306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
Meeting announcement 会议公告
Resources and Conservation Pub Date : 1986-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/0166-3097(86)90017-9
{"title":"Meeting announcement","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0166-3097(86)90017-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-3097(86)90017-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101079,"journal":{"name":"Resources and Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0166-3097(86)90017-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138273108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Today's wastes are tomorrow's resources: Recycling in Denmark — past experience and future prospects 今天的废物是明天的资源:丹麦的回收-过去的经验和未来的前景
Resources and Conservation Pub Date : 1986-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/0166-3097(86)90010-6
Torben Hansen
{"title":"Today's wastes are tomorrow's resources: Recycling in Denmark — past experience and future prospects","authors":"Torben Hansen","doi":"10.1016/0166-3097(86)90010-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0166-3097(86)90010-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Denmark has been one of the pioneers in waste recycling, through legislation and government subsidies and a unique combination of private and public participation. This paper outlines major Danish activities in this field through 1982: government regulation, research and development, demonstration projects, community recycling centers, industrial activities, etc. In spite of these activities and a great deal of progress, it appears that only the surface has been scratched, and that steps should be taken to give further opportunity for recycling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101079,"journal":{"name":"Resources and Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0166-3097(86)90010-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77494744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Waste management strategies for the future 未来的废物管理策略
Resources and Conservation Pub Date : 1986-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/0166-3097(86)90007-6
A.V. Bridgwater
{"title":"Waste management strategies for the future","authors":"A.V. Bridgwater","doi":"10.1016/0166-3097(86)90007-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0166-3097(86)90007-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Only some of the papers presented at the seminar are included; a few on central sorting, modelling of waste recyc;ing, and economic incentives for recycling could not be finalised in time for this issue. It is hoped that these will be published in the near future.</p><p>There is no doubt that waste management will continue to grow in importance and cost throughout the world. Interest in energy as a recovered product is believed to be short term, as there is perceived to be greater potential benefit in recycling materials. Technology is not a limiting factor in implementing recyling activities, but it is economics that will determine what is acceptable; including direct processing costs and indirect environmental costs and benefits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101079,"journal":{"name":"Resources and Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0166-3097(86)90007-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77750276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Treatment of ammoniacal copper etchants 氨态铜腐蚀剂的处理
Resources and Conservation Pub Date : 1986-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/0166-3097(86)90021-0
J. Melling
{"title":"Treatment of ammoniacal copper etchants","authors":"J. Melling","doi":"10.1016/0166-3097(86)90021-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0166-3097(86)90021-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ammoniacal ammonium chloride etchants are widely used to etch copper during the manufacture of printed circuit board (PCBs). Etching efficiency declines above 110 to 130 g/L copper and this concentration must be restored once the concentration reaches 150 to 170 g/L copper. The annual European arising of spent etchant (about half the U.S.A. arising) is estimated to contain 2250 Mg copper. Disposal of spent etchant involves a loss of resources and is usually environmentally unacceptable. This paper reviews methods for the regeneration of spent etchants with co-recovery of a saleable copper product. Whilst large volume flows of spent etchant are regenerated commercially, there is a need for methods appropriate to on-site treatment by the smaller PCB producer. Experimental developments designed to meet this need, using either supported liquid membranes impregnated with a diketone extractant or an electrochemical cell divided by solid ion exchange membrane, are described. The performance of the ion exchange membranes tested in the membrane cell was found to be inadequate for this application. It is concluded that a supported liquid membrane process, after further development, in combination with copper electrowinning from an acidic solution may fulfil the need for on-site treatment by the smaller PCB producer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101079,"journal":{"name":"Resources and Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0166-3097(86)90021-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85445393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Volcanic hazards. — A sourcebook on the effects of eruptions 火山灾害。-一本关于火山喷发影响的资料书
Resources and Conservation Pub Date : 1986-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/0166-3097(86)90025-8
Marianne Guffanti
{"title":"Volcanic hazards. — A sourcebook on the effects of eruptions","authors":"Marianne Guffanti","doi":"10.1016/0166-3097(86)90025-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0166-3097(86)90025-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101079,"journal":{"name":"Resources and Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0166-3097(86)90025-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76006300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
An investigation of the kinetics of coconut shell pyrolysis 椰壳热解动力学研究
Resources and Conservation Pub Date : 1986-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/0166-3097(86)90023-4
B.C.K. Rakesh , D.F. Stewart
{"title":"An investigation of the kinetics of coconut shell pyrolysis","authors":"B.C.K. Rakesh ,&nbsp;D.F. Stewart","doi":"10.1016/0166-3097(86)90023-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0166-3097(86)90023-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101079,"journal":{"name":"Resources and Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0166-3097(86)90023-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73454804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Meeting announcements 会议公告
Resources and Conservation Pub Date : 1986-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/0166-3097(86)90029-5
{"title":"Meeting announcements","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0166-3097(86)90029-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-3097(86)90029-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101079,"journal":{"name":"Resources and Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0166-3097(86)90029-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137290214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The rim-nut process at West Bari for removal of nutrients from wastewater: First demonstration 西巴里用于去除废水中营养物质的环坚果工艺:第一次演示
Resources and Conservation Pub Date : 1986-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/0166-3097(86)90022-2
Lorenzo Liberti, Nicola Limoni, Antonio Lopez, Roberto Passing, Gianfranco Boari
{"title":"The rim-nut process at West Bari for removal of nutrients from wastewater: First demonstration","authors":"Lorenzo Liberti,&nbsp;Nicola Limoni,&nbsp;Antonio Lopez,&nbsp;Roberto Passing,&nbsp;Gianfranco Boari","doi":"10.1016/0166-3097(86)90022-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-3097(86)90022-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>RIM-NUT, a new physico-chemical process for ammonia and phosphate removal from municipal secondary effluent by selective ion exchange, and precipitation of MgNH<sub>4</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> slow-release fertilizer, has been tested in a 10 m<sup>3</sup>/h demonstration plant at West Bari Sanitation Station.</p><p>The three-month demonstration indicated the technical feasibility of the process to meet the stringent Italian concentration limits for N and P discharge, as well as to recover quantitatively nutrient species in the form of premium-quality fertilizer (N:P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>:MgO=4:26:16), almost sterile with a tolerable concentration of heavy metals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101079,"journal":{"name":"Resources and Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0166-3097(86)90022-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137290215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Management of industrial pollutants by anaerobic processes 厌氧工艺对工业污染物的管理
Resources and Conservation Pub Date : 1986-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/0166-3097(86)90026-X
Andrew G. Hashimoto
{"title":"Management of industrial pollutants by anaerobic processes","authors":"Andrew G. Hashimoto","doi":"10.1016/0166-3097(86)90026-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0166-3097(86)90026-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101079,"journal":{"name":"Resources and Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0166-3097(86)90026-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91526267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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