Resilient Cities and Structures最新文献

{"title":"Digital twin-based resilience evaluation and intelligent strategies of smart urban water distribution networks for emergency management","authors":"Hongyan Dui ,&nbsp;Taiyu Cao ,&nbsp;Fan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resilient smart urban water distribution networks are essential to ensure smooth urban operation and maintain daily water services. However, the dynamics and complexity of smart water distribution networks make its resilience study face many challenges. The introduction of digital twin technology provides an innovative solution for the resilience study of smart water distribution networks, which can more effectively support the network's real-time monitoring and intelligent control. This paper proposes a digital twin architecture of smart water distribution networks, laying the foundation for the resilience assessment of water distribution networks. Based on this, a performance evaluation model based on user satisfaction is proposed, which can more intuitively and effectively reflect the performance of urban water supply services. Meanwhile, we propose a method to quantify the importance of water distribution pipes' residual resilience, considering the time value to optimize the recovery sequence of failed pipes and develop targeted preventive maintenance strategies. Finally, to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, this paper applies it to a water distribution network. The results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the resilience and enhance the overall resilience of smart urban water distribution networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 41-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrated decision-making approach to resilience–LCC Bridge network retrofitting using a genetic algorithm-based framework","authors":"Pedram Omidian ,&nbsp;Naser Khaji ,&nbsp;Ali Akbar Aghakouchak","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bridge networks are essential components of civil infrastructure, supporting communities by delivering vital services and facilitating economic activities. However, bridges are vulnerable to natural disasters, particularly earthquakes. To develop an effective disaster management strategy, it is critical to identify reliable, robust, and efficient indicators. In this regard, Life-Cycle Cost (LCC) and Resilience (R) serve as key indicators to assist decision-makers in selecting the most effective disaster risk reduction plans. This study proposes an innovative LCC–R optimization framework to identify the most optimal retrofit strategies for bridge networks facing hazardous events during their lifespan. The proposed framework employs both single- and multi-objective optimization techniques to identify retrofit strategies that maximize the R index while minimizing the LCC for the under-study bridge networks. The considered retrofit strategies include various options such as different materials (steel, CFRP, and GFRP), thicknesses, arrangements, and timing of retrofitting actions. The first step in the proposed framework involves constructing fragility curves by performing a series of nonlinear time-history incremental dynamic analyses for each case. In the subsequent step, the seismic resilience surfaces are calculated using the obtained fragility curves and assuming a recovery function. Next, the LCC is evaluated according to the proposed formulation for multiple seismic occurrences, which incorporates the effects of complete and incomplete repair actions resulting from previous multiple seismic events. For optimization purposes, the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) evolutionary algorithm efficiently identifies the Pareto front to represent the optimal set of solutions. The study presents the most effective retrofit strategies for an illustrative bridge network, providing a comprehensive discussion and insights into the resulting tactical approaches. The findings underscore that the methodologies employed lead to logical and actionable retrofit strategies, paving the way for enhanced resilience and cost-effectiveness in bridge network management against seismic hazards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 16-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stochastic response of steel columns subjected to lateral blast based on modified single degree of freedom (MSDOF) method","authors":"Mohammad Momeni ,&nbsp;Chiara Bedon ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Hadianfard ,&nbsp;Sina Malekpour","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper aims to evaluate the stochastic response of steel columns subjected to blast loads using the modified single degree of freedom (MSDOF) method, which assessed towards the conventional single degree of freedom (SDOF) and the experimentally validated Finite Element (FE) methods (LSDYNA). For this purpose, special attention is given to calculating the response of H-shaped steel columns under blast. The damage amount is determined based on the support rotation criterion, which is expressed as a function of their maximum lateral mid-span displacement. To account for uncertainties in input parameters and obtain the failure probability, the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) method is employed, complemented by the Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) method to reduce the number of simulations. A parametric analysis is hence performed to examine the effect of several input parameters (including both deterministic and probabilistic parameters) on the probability of column damage as a function of support rotation. First, the MSDOF method confirms its higher accuracy in estimating the probability of column damage due to blast, compared to the conventional SDOF. The collected results also show that uncertainties of several input parameters have significant effects on the column behavior. In particular, geometric parameters (including cross-sectional characteristics, boundary conditions and column length) have major effect on the corresponding column response, in the same way of input blast load parameters and material properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The MDOF equivalent linear system and its applications in seismic analysis and design of framed structures","authors":"E.V. Muho ,&nbsp;N.A. Kalapodis ,&nbsp;G.A. Papagiannopoulos ,&nbsp;D.E. Beskos","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper reviews the applications of the multi degree-of-freedom (MDOF) equivalent linear system in seismic analysis and design of planar steel and reinforced concrete framed structures. An equivalent MDOF linear structure, analogous to the original MDOF nonlinear structure, is constructed, which has the same mass and elastic stiffness as the original structure and modal damping ratios that account for the effects of geometrical and material nonlinearities. The equivalence implies a balance between the viscous damping work of the equivalent linear structure and that of the nonlinearities in the original nonlinear structure. This work balance is established with the aid of a transfer function in the frequency domain. Thus, equivalent modal damping ratios can be explicitly determined in terms of the period and deformation levels of the structure as well as the soil types. Use of these equivalent modal damping ratios can help address a variety of seismic analysis and design problems associated with planar steel and reinforced concrete framed structures in a rational and accurate manner. These include force - based seismic design with the aid of acceleration response spectra characterized by high amounts of damping, improved direct displacement-based seismic design and the development of advanced seismic intensity measures. The equivalent modal damping ratios are also utilized in the context of linear modal analysis for the definition and construction of the MDOF response spectrum. Furthermore, the equivalent modal damping ratios are employed in a seismic retrofit method for steel-framed structures with viscous dampers. Finally, it is demonstrated that modal behavior (or strength reduction) factors can be easily constructed based on these modal damping ratios for a more rational and accurate force-based seismic design, including the determination of inelastic displacement profiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 107-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated knowledge graphs for complex systems (AutoGraCS): Applications to management of bridge networks","authors":"Minghui Cheng ,&nbsp;Syed M.H. Shah ,&nbsp;Antonio Nanni ,&nbsp;H. Oliver Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the ability to harness the power of big data, the digital twin (DT) technology has been increasingly applied to the modeling and management of structures and infrastructure systems, such as buildings, bridges, and power distribution systems. Supporting these applications, an important family of methods are based on graphs. For DT applications in modeling and managing smart cities, large-scale knowledge graphs (KGs) are necessary to represent the complex interdependencies and model the urban infrastructure as a system of systems. To this end, this paper develops a conceptual framework: <strong>Auto</strong>mated knowledge <strong>Gra</strong>phs for <strong>C</strong>omplex <strong>S</strong>ystems (AutoGraCS). In contrast to existing KGs developed for DTs, AutoGraCS can support KGs to account for interdependencies and statistical correlations across complex systems. The established KGs from AutoGraCS can then be easily turned into Bayesian networks for probabilistic modeling, Bayesian analysis, and adaptive decision supports. Besides, AutoGraCS provides flexibility in support of users’ need to implement the ontology and rules when constructing the KG. With the user-defined ontology and rules, AutoGraCS can automatically generate a KG to represent a complex system consisting of multiple systems. The bridge network in Miami-Dade County, FL is used as an illustrative example to generate a KG that integrates multiple layers of data from the bridge network, traffic monitoring facilities, and flood water watch stations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 95-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering implicit Seismogenic associated regions towards promoting urban resilience","authors":"Roya Habibi,&nbsp;Ali Asghar Alesheikh","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Earthquakes pose a significant threat to urban environments, highlighting the need for enhanced seismic resilience. To improve understanding of earthquake dynamics and the interplay of seismic activity across space, this study introduces a novel approach for identifying associated regions that exhibit interdependence seismic behavior, revealing a network structure of earthquake interplays. This model was applied to earthquakes exceeding 3.0 M_w in Iran (1976–2023), using a 1° × 1° grid. Monthly and seasonal timespans were evaluated to capture potential short-term and long-term interactions. The model revealed a network of interdependent seismic regions in southern and southwestern Iran, predominantly located within the Zagros belt. Notably, the strongest associations were observed between spatial units 45 and 36, located approximately 6° apart in southern Iran. These units exhibited significant association in both monthly and seasonal scenarios, with support values of 0.28 and 0.65, and average confidence values of 0.58 and 0.84, respectively. The second significant bilateral relation was detected between neighboring spatial units 22 and 36, with support values of 0.26 and 0.59, and average confidence values of 0.57 and 0.80, respectively. The recognized structure was compared to the established seismotectonic zoning. This network aligns with established seismotectonic provinces, particularly in the seasonal scenario. The model also identified potential interactions between distinct zones in the monthly scenario, highlighting areas where urban development strategies might need reevaluation. Additionally, the analysis revealed implicit causal relationships between spatial units, pinpointing areas susceptible to or influencing seismic activities elsewhere. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of crustal structure, earthquake propagation, and the potential for seismic activity to trigger earthquakes in nearby or distant areas. This knowledge is crucial for developing effective strategies to build earthquake-resilient cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 83-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building Stock and Emission Models for Jakarta","authors":"Hanif Hanif ,&nbsp;Ahmed Z. Khan ,&nbsp;Muhammad Idrus Alhamid ,&nbsp;Yohei Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding urban-scale building emissions is crucial for achieving net-zero targets. This study examined embodied and operational emissions in Jakarta from 2010 to 2022 using the bottom-up Building Stock Model (BSM) and analyzed building stocks across seven categories: apartments, offices, malls, hotels, education facilities, hospitals, and landed houses. Carbon factors for construction materials, fuels, electricity, and cooking gas, along with occupancy rates, were included in the emissions calculations. The findings reveal consistent growth in apartments, malls, and offices, with operational emissions significantly decreasing after the 2015 green building regulations. Despite a declining share in Jakarta’s building stock, landed houses still account for over 40% of embodied and nearly 75% of operational emissions. With around 80% of the population preferring to live in landed houses, their impact on emissions remains substantial. In 2010, Jakarta’s building floor stock was 167 km². Projections using simple linear regression suggest it could reach 268 km² by 2050. Emission forecasts using the Prophet Forecasting Model (PFM) suggest that by 2050, building emissions could return to 2010 levels if stricter regulations are consistently enforced. The study underscores the necessity for continuous regulatory advancements and carbon offset initiatives to achieve net-zero emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 63-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key networks to create disaster resilient Smart Cities Mission: A case for remodeling India's Smart Cities Mission to include disaster resilience","authors":"Yamini Meduri ,&nbsp;R. Singh ,&nbsp;Geetha Manoharan","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amidst a concerning surge in urban losses attributed to disasters, this research paper explores the intricate relationship between urban development, disaster mitigation, and resilience emphasizing the significance of addressing disaster vulnerability in urban settings, where a substantial portion of the population faces risks stemming from high population density, limited resilience, and inadequate coping capabilities. The study advocates for the integration of disaster resilience principles into the Smart Cities Mission of India, placing particular emphasis on the necessity of developing infrastructure, establishing early warning systems, and fostering community engagement to bolster urban resilience. Furthermore, the paper draws comparisons and parallels between the components of smart cities, mitigation strategies, and disaster resilience, illuminating their interconnectedness and potential synergies. In conclusion, the study recommends the incorporation of essential network elements to establish a Smart Cities Mission that is resilient to disasters, ultimately aiming to safeguard urban communities from the adverse impacts of future calamities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 52-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landslide-oriented disaster resilience evaluation in mountainous cities: A case study in Chongqing, China","authors":"Junhao Huang,&nbsp;Haijia Wen,&nbsp;Zhuohang Li,&nbsp;Yalan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural and human-made disasters are threatening cities around the world. The resilience of cities plays a critical role in disaster risk response and post-disaster recovery. In mountainous cities, landslides are among the most frequent and destructive hazards. This study presents a novel methodological framework for assessing the spatial resilience of mountainous cities specifically against landslides. Focusing on Chongqing in the Three Gorges Reservoir region, this study conceptually divides the disaster resilience of mountain cities to landslides into two dimensions: environmental resilience and social resilience. This study developed a comprehensive database by compiling data from 4,464 historical landslide events, incorporating 17 environmental resilience indicators and 16 social resilience indicators. Random forest (RF) model was employed to evaluate environmental resilience, achieving a high AUC of 0.968 and an accuracy of 97.1 %. Social resilience was assessed by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and comprehensive resilience was ranked by the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Key findings include: (1) Establishing a multi-dimensional resilience indicator system that effectively assesses landslide-oriented resilience in mountainous cities. (2) Comprehensive resilience in mountainous cities exhibit distinct spatial clustering patterns. Regions with lower environmental resilience are mainly characterized by high rainfall and complex terrain. higher social resilience concentrated in city centers, while peripheral regions face challenges due to weaker economies and inadequate healthcare infrastructure. (3) In the future development of mountain cities, comprehensive and sustainable strategies should be adopted to balance the relationship between environmental resilience and social resilience. This study provides a robust framework for disaster prevention and resilience assessment in mountainous cities, which can be applied to evaluate the disaster resistance capabilities of other mountainous cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 34-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wind risk and mitigation calculator framework for determining the wind annualized risk for single- and multi-family homes to support resilient community decision-making","authors":"Ayat Al Assi ,&nbsp;Rubayet Bin Mostafiz ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Orooji ,&nbsp;Arash Taghinezhad ,&nbsp;Melanie Gall ,&nbsp;Robert V. Rohli ,&nbsp;Christopher T. Emrich ,&nbsp;Carol J. Friedland ,&nbsp;Eric Johnson","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Communicating risks and mitigation benefits associated with natural hazards such as wind to the general public is challenging given the location-dependency of parameters and the complexity of the problem. Web tools play a crucial role in educating residents, decision-makers, and stakeholders regarding potential wind hazard losses to, for example, residential buildings.</p><p>However, a notable gap exists on the practical incorporation of mitigation actions within these tools. This gap hampers the collective awareness and understanding among stakeholders, communities, and citizens regarding the tangible advantages of mitigation strategies in reducing wind-related risks. Furthermore, there exists a need to elucidate the functionality and objectives of these tools in a more accessible manner. This study aims to present and outline the wind risk and mitigation calculator tool (WRMCT) within the Hazardaware platform, which is an address-based risk assessment tool. This tool, developed for 196 counties in the Gulf of Mexico coastal area, facilitates users' education of potential risks and benefits associated with mitigation strategies. WRMCT enables users to access location-specific wind risk and interactively suggests potential mitigation actions along with economic savings to support informed decisions and residential risk reduction. WRMCT intends to enhance users’ ability to make informed decisions, take proactive measures in mitigating wind hazards, and contribute to the development of resilient, residential communities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 21-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772741624000565/pdfft?md5=dec5e863d297a8290d8292480a02958d&pid=1-s2.0-S2772741624000565-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142097219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}