Resilient Cities and Structures最新文献

{"title":"Predicting the restoration pattern from hurricane-induced power outages from facebook data","authors":"Tasnuba Binte Jamal ,&nbsp;Samiul Hasan ,&nbsp;Ali Mostafavi","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extreme events such as tropical storm, tornado, hurricane cause significant disruptions to infrastructure systems including power, water, transportation, telecommunication services. Faster restoration from power outages is critical since power outages substantially impact various sectors including education, financial transactions, healthcare, and leisure. Thus, it is important to study outage restoration patterns. To develop data-driven models and test its performance on unseen hurricanes, high-resolution data from multiple hurricanes are required. However, such high-resolution power outage data from utility companies are proprietary and not easily accessible to all. Thus, the aim of this study is to demonstrate the use of macroscopic location data available from Facebook for analyzing power outage during hurricanes. First, it shows the association between population activity in Facebook and hurricane-induced power outage using the data for Hurricane Ida at a ZIP Code level. Second, it develops a data-driven model to predict power outage restoration pattern at a ZIP Code level utilizing Facebook data for Hurricanes Ida and Ian. We found that Facebook data can explain 59 % of variance in by power outages at daily level and it can explain 65 % of variance in restoration times from power outages at a ZIP code level. The data-driven model can reliably predict the restoration pattern from power outages (R²=0.816). This study can aid researchers to choose alternative data for power outage analysis and help emergency managers and utility companies gain data-driven insights enhancing their decision-making for an impending hurricane.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 37-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards urban resilience-based management: the case of Mexico after the 2017 earthquakes","authors":"Sergio M. Alcocer ,&nbsp;Luciano Roberto Fernández-Sola","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The September 2017 earthquakes in Mexico, which struck within a twelve-day span and affected regions with vastly different seismic, socioeconomic, and urban characteristics, revealed the multifactorial nature of seismic vulnerability and resilience in the country. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the damage on the built environment, emergency response, recovery and reconstruction efforts, regulatory evolution, and institutional reforms that followed these events. Key topics include the performance of self-built housing and essential infrastructure, the challenges of decentralized building codes and their uneven development and enforcement, the role of civil society, private sector and media in disaster response, and the implementation of the National Reconstruction Program. Advances in seismic code development—particularly the updated Complementary Technical Norms (CTNs) of Mexico City—and the creation of a dedicated standard for the evaluation and rehabilitation of existing buildings are also discussed. The proposed Construction Law for Mexico City, which aims to assign legal responsibility to stakeholders and formalize the regulatory framework, may serve as a legislative model for other regions. The paper concludes by highlighting the importance of coordination, technical rigor, equity and inclusion in recovery and reconstruction, and public engagement in advancing seismic resilience across diverse urban, semi-urban and rural contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 97-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Christchurch post-earthquake reconstruction – Year 14 update","authors":"Michel Bruneau ,&nbsp;Gregory MacRae","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reconstruction of buildings in the Christchurch central business district following the 2011 earthquake has been a massive undertaking that is not yet completed. Interviews have been conducted with representatives of the consulting engineering companies who designed 55 of these buildings from 2017 until 2025 to determine: (i) the building construction materials and structural system types used, and (ii) the drivers for the selection of these systems. The information obtained is compared with a 2017 survey, by the authors, with the same design companies for buildings constructed from 2012 to 2017, as part of the Christchurch rebuild after the 2010–2011 Canterbury earthquakes. It is found that 47 % and 45 % of the buildings constructed had steel and concrete lateral force resisting systems, respectively, with the remainder using timber. In terms of floor space areas, the steel buildings were typically larger and the ratios were 70 % and 24 %, respectively. The most popular structural steel seismic systems were MRFs and BRBFs with 29 % and 20 % of the floor areas, respectively. Gravity systems, when needed, were generally steel. Although slightly different, these numbers are similar in magnitude to those reported in the prior study. However, comparing the factors driving choice of structure systems reported in the previous study, many of the engineers interviewed commented that, as the Canterbury earthquakes became further away in time, fewer of their clients requested resilient designs that would help achieve functionality (e.g., maintain business continuity) following future earthquakes, requesting instead lowest-cost designs. Nonetheless, it is expected that much of the newer construction will provide improvements in seismic performance given that many buildings were designed for significantly higher strength and lower drift than permitted in the standards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 117-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring informal settlement fires in Indonesia: A study of fire risk assessment and fire resilient strategies in Medan","authors":"Aulia Malik Affif ,&nbsp;Alan March","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growth and scale of urbanisation in Indonesia poses various challenges, including the availability of affordable housing, which has forced many low-income people to live in informal settlements. Fires account for 15% of all disasters in Indonesia, particularly in densely populated urban areas such as informal settlements. The nature of informal settlements, which lack basic services along with poor living conditions, increases the likelihood of fire. The topic of informal settlement fires in Indonesia is relatively unresearched, especially studies tailored to waterfront informal settlements typologies which prevents an understanding of fire risk and its impact in the area. This study aims to investigate what aspects influence fire risk in the area and to increase the resilience of informal settlements to fire outbreaks with the intention of improving community resilience. A case study with mixed methods is employed in this study. Our study consists of two phases of data analysis. The first phase consists of spatial analysis, derivation of weight, risk assessment, sensitivity analysis, and identification of policy drivers. Meanwhile, the second phase of our data analysis consists of analysing conditions, challenges, and opportunities, resilient strategies development, and scenario testing. The results of this study revealed that the risk of fire in the area is considered high-to-very high, which is driven primarily by moderate hazard, high vulnerability, and low-to-very low capacity against fire. Primary drivers of fire risk in the area are building materials, electrical connection and equipment, road width, and building density. As a result, this study proposed nine physical and non-physical resilient strategies which has been categorised into three distinct aspects: development planning, development regulations, and risk management and response. Spatial analysis revealed that, if fully implemented and operationalised, these strategies could reclassify 90% of the area to moderate risk. Further research is should examine the causal factors of past fire incidents, the institutional capacity for fire management, and the socioeconomic conditions of the community.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145499931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural language processing for disaster-resilient infrastructure: Research focus and future opportunities","authors":"Muhammad Ali Moriyani ,&nbsp;Lemlem Asaye ,&nbsp;Chau Le ,&nbsp;Trung Le ,&nbsp;Harun Pirim ,&nbsp;Om Parkash Yadav ,&nbsp;Tuyen Le","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing frequency and severity of natural disasters, exacerbated by global warming, necessitate novel solutions to strengthen the resilience of Critical Infrastructure Systems (CISs). Recent research reveals the significant potential of natural language processing (NLP) to analyze unstructured human language during disasters, thereby facilitating the uncovering of disruptions and providing situational awareness supporting various aspects of resilience regarding CISs. Despite this potential, few studies have systematically mapped the global research on NLP applications with respect to supporting various aspects of resilience of CISs. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge by presenting a review of current knowledge using the scientometric review technique. Using 231 bibliographic records from the Scopus and Web of Science core collections, we identify five key research areas where researchers have used NLP to support the resilience of CISs during natural disasters, including sentiment analysis, crisis informatics, data and knowledge visualization, disaster impacts, and content analysis. Furthermore, we map the utility of NLP in the identified research focus with respect to four aspects of resilience (i.e., preparedness, absorption, recovery, and adaptability) and present various common techniques used and potential future research directions. This review highlights that NLP has the potential to become a supplementary data source to support the resilience of CISs. The results of this study serve as an introductory-level guide designed to help scholars and practitioners unlock the potential of NLP for strengthening the resilience of CISs against natural disasters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 47-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic modeling of water distribution systems for interdependent infrastructure systems resilience analysis with interdependencies via building-mediated clustering","authors":"Yesen Yang ,&nbsp;Edmond Y. Lo","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resilience studies for water distribution systems (WDS) coupled with other interdependent infrastructure systems attract increasing attention from stakeholders and researchers. However, most existing large-scale WDS models are single infrastructure-based without consideration of other infrastructure systems. This is due to a lack of needed information on systems coupling, the structure of the simulator used, and the computation load involved. To address these gaps, this paper presents a synthetic modeling framework for a real-world WDS as coordinating with other infrastructure systems via a building-mediated clustering approach through consideration of physical distance and node capacity. First, the WDS network topology and operation parameters are inferred via bulk open-source information. A building-mediated clustering approach is designed to systematically derive the interdependence between the WDS and the power system similarly created as a case study. Second, a novel linearization method is developed in formulating the WDS model that can relieve computation load while maintaining accuracy. Finally, a disruption-recovery framework is developed to demonstrate the proposed methodology in modelling WDS resilience. The framework is applied to a neighborhood in Queenstown, Singapore, an area of 20.43 km² and 96,000 population. The near-real-time simulations on the coupled system involving 308 nodes and 384 links showcase the effectiveness and application of the proposed synthetic modeling and formulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 21-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145571841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience of metro systems subjected to external disturbances: A state-of-the-art review","authors":"Hao Bai ,&nbsp;Dong-Ming Zhang ,&nbsp;Jian-Min Guo ,&nbsp;Yu-Shan Hua ,&nbsp;Bilal M. Ayyub ,&nbsp;Hong-Wei Huang ,&nbsp;Enrico Zio","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metro systems are important transport infrastructures in megacities, and their long-term operational safety is challenged by frequent external disturbances, such as environmental extremes and human construction activities. A metro system must be resilient to resist, adapt to, and recover its performance when such disruptions occur. Current studies on metro system resilience often lack a comprehensive view from a complex system perspective, leading to a plethora of choices for methods of analysis and indicators applied to different metro systems and external disturbances. Therefore, the present paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the topics and works revolving around the resilience of metro systems. It first clarifies the concept of metro system resilience based on classical definitions from a technical perspective. Metro resilience encompasses both the structural and operational aspects of metro systems, including their damage mechanisms, analysis methods and indicators of resilience. Methods for enhancing metro system resilience across structural, operational and monitoring dimensions are explored. Finally, future research directions are discussed, emphasizing the importance of considering the \"system of systems\" formed by interdependent infrastructure, refining uncertainty analysis, and investigating the opportunities arising from the application of artificial intelligence for improving metro system resilience against external disturbances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 72-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SRB (Seismic Resilience-Based) methodology for historical centers: San Marino case study","authors":"Davide Forcellini ,&nbsp;Scott McAvoy ,&nbsp;Falko Kuester","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the last two decades, seismic resilience (SR) has been developed as a main concept for the assessment of the structural vulnerabilities of buildings and city centres. In particular, historical centers consist of adjacent buildings organized in blocks with common characteristics and similar typologies. The paper proposes a methodology to quantify SR for urban regions, by overcoming the state of the art studies that focus on assessing the SR for singular buildings. In this regard, the presented methodology may calculate the SR of blocks of buildings for the assessment of recovery investments of historical city centers. The main idea is to assess the level of vulnerability by accurate 3D surveys and visual inspections in order to select empirical fragility curves. The proposed methodology was herein applied to the city center of San Marino, designated by UNESCO as a world heritage site.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 132-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reducing the magnitude and variability of seismic-induced acceleration and force responses in steel buildings with controlled rocking base mechanism and force-limiting connections","authors":"Georgios Tsampras ,&nbsp;Richard Sause","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study numerically investigates the seismic response of a nine-story self-centering concentrically braced frame building incorporating force-limiting connections between the floor system and the lateral force-resisting system. Nonlinear earthquake simulations are conducted under design basis earthquake ground motions, and the results are compared against a baseline model with rigid-elastic connections. The study discusses connection design considerations and evaluates the effectiveness of force-limiting connections in mitigating higher-mode effects. The findings show that force-limiting connections significantly reduce the magnitude and variability of floor accelerations, brace forces, and connection forces, while maintaining comparable story drifts. Force-limiting connections primarily reduce the contribution of higher-mode responses, while the controlled rocking base mechanism modifies the first-mode response. Overall, the reduced dispersion in structural response improves the reliability of seismic design and enhances resilience by minimizing damage to both structural components and acceleration-sensitive nonstructural elements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 143-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145789674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The recovery process of housing in Mexico City 7+ years after the 2017 Puebla-Morelos earthquake","authors":"Arturo Tena-Colunga","doi":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcns.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the <em>M_w</em> = 7.1 September 19, 2017 earthquake with epicenter nearby the boundary of Puebla and Morelos states, an important amount of structural damage occurred in Mexico City, 120 km away from the epicenter. Among the most severely affected sectors was the housing sector. At least 16 houses collapsed or partially collapsed during the earthquake, more than 5100 were demolished with public funds and more than 5800 were sternly damaged and required to be rehabilitated. Close to 1300 apartment buildings were severely damaged, where 33 of them collapsed or partially collapsed. Then, the recovery of the housing sector, which is instrumental for both the social and economy recovery of the city, have posed a monumental task and challenge to the citizens and authorities of Mexico City. In this paper, the author summarizes how these efforts to recover the affected housing sector have been in Mexico City close to eight years after the 9/19/2017 earthquake, based upon detailed statistics and information compiled by the author from different sources. It can be concluded that after 7+ years, the recovery process of single-family houses has been a success, as close to 100 % of the affected homes have been fully recovered with much better projects than the originally damaged. However, the recovery process of apartment buildings, although important, still has a long way to go. As of May 2025, only 59.6 % of the affected buildings have been fully recovered (31.3 % using public funds), other 11.3 % are under construction or rehabilitation process and, in 29.1 % of the affected buildings, no action has been taken to speed their recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101077,"journal":{"name":"Resilient Cities and Structures","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 67-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}