Physiological Plant Pathology最新文献_第2页

Photosynthesis and chloroplast functioning within individual pustules of Uromyces muscari on bluebell leaves 风信子叶片上蕈蕈单个脓疱内的光合作用和叶绿体功能

Physiological Plant Pathology Pub Date : 1985-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0048-4059(85)90050-5

J.D. Scholes, J.F. Farrar

{"title":"Photosynthesis and chloroplast functioning within individual pustules of Uromyces muscari on bluebell leaves","authors":"J.D. Scholes, J.F. Farrar","doi":"10.1016/0048-4059(85)90050-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0048-4059(85)90050-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Photosynthesis and chloroplast functioning is examined within pustules of Uromyces muscari on bluebell leaves at different stages of development from presporulation to green island formation. Green island tissue is shown to be photosynthetically active by 14CO2 fixation, OZ evolution and in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics. Chloroplast measurements indicate that, whilst there is little reduction in chloroplast number per unit area in pustules of U. muscari, the chloroplast volume, the chlorophyll concentration and the ratio of chlorophyll a : b decline, suggesting that chlorophyll is lost from individual chloroplasts. Oxygen evolution, both per unit area and per unit chlorophyll, is reduced in pustules in comparison to green areas of an infected leaf and to uninfected leaves. Two major parameters of in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics (Fvar and F.) are progressively reduced in pustules. This suggests that non-cyclic electron transport, and general chloroplast integrity, are impaired as the disease develops. These results are discussed in the context of current theories concerning the mechanisms by which parasites induce a block in the electron transport chain, and a new model is proposed, based on a change in the chlorophyll content of the photosystem reaction centres.</div>","PeriodicalId":101028,"journal":{"name":"Physiological Plant Pathology","volume":"27 3","pages":"Pages 387-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0048-4059(85)90050-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86202613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 39

In vitro sporulation of race 32 of Puccinia graminis Pers. f.sp. tritici Erikss. & Henn 小麦锈菌32小种离体产孢的研究。f.sp。tritici Erikss。& Henn

Physiological Plant Pathology Pub Date : 1985-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0048-4059(85)90039-6

K.H. Kuck , H.J. Reisener

引用次数: 7

Water relations and growth of rust-infected groundsel (Puccinia lagenophorae Cooke; Senecio vulgaris L.) during and after exposure to freezing soil temperatures 土壤锈病对土sel水分关系及生长的影响在暴露于冰冻土壤温度期间和之后

Physiological Plant Pathology Pub Date : 1985-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0048-4059(85)90066-9

N.D. Paul, P.G. Ayres

{"title":"Water relations and growth of rust-infected groundsel (Puccinia lagenophorae Cooke; Senecio vulgaris L.) during and after exposure to freezing soil temperatures","authors":"N.D. Paul, P.G. Ayres","doi":"10.1016/0048-4059(85)90066-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0048-4059(85)90066-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Groundsel (Senecio vulgaris L.) was grown at three soil temperatures (ambient, and −2 and 6 °C) in an unheated glasshouse during winter in order to examine how a combination of unavailability of soil water due to freezing and of infection by rust (Puccinia lagenophorae Cooke) would affect water relations and growth. Measurements were continued after plants were transferred to a controlled environment room (10 ° C, 12 h light per day) for recovery.Low soil temperatures for 2 or 6 weeks reduced leaf water potential (ψ1) and, over the shorter period, rust exacerbated this reduction. Turgor potential (ψp) also fell during soil freezing, more so in rusted than control plants, but both regained turgor rapidly when freezing ended. However, rust prevented a return to pre-freezing ψ1 during the recovery period. Rust reduced the gain in total dry weight (about 70% of which was leaf dry weight) in plants held at ambient soil temperatures and increased the loss of dry weight of plants held at low soil temperatures; loss of root tissue may have contributed to the inability of rusted plants to regain normal ψ1 during recovery. In both healthy and rusted plants, specific leaf area (area per unit weight) tended to decrease during low temperature treatment and to increase during recovery. Rust inhibited the increase in leaf area during the recovery period, probably because it lowered ψ1 and, consequently, increases in dry weight were inhibited by rust, particularly in plants previously held at −2 °C.</div>","PeriodicalId":101028,"journal":{"name":"Physiological Plant Pathology","volume":"27 2","pages":"Pages 185-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0048-4059(85)90066-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79840012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Distribution of hydrolytic enzymes at barley powdery mildew encounter sites: implications for resistance associated with papilla formation in a compatible system 水解酶在大麦白粉病发生地点的分布:在一个兼容系统中与乳突形成相关的抗性的含义

Physiological Plant Pathology Pub Date : 1985-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0048-4059(85)90065-7

Kenji Takahashi , James R. Aist, Herbert W. Israel

{"title":"Distribution of hydrolytic enzymes at barley powdery mildew encounter sites: implications for resistance associated with papilla formation in a compatible system","authors":"Kenji Takahashi , James R. Aist, Herbert W. Israel","doi":"10.1016/0048-4059(85)90065-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0048-4059(85)90065-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Distributions of the hydrolytic enzymes acid phosphatase and non-specific esterase in compatible barley coleoptiles inoculated with Erysiphe graminis fsp. hordei were investigated histochemically by light and electron microscopy. The four different enzymes investigated-acid β-glycerophos-phatase, acid naphthol AS-TR phosphatase, indoxyl acetate esterase and naphthol AS-D acetate esterase—had similar localization patterns. Reaction products were distributed generally in the fungal and host cells, but distinct accumulations were found in certain regions and structures at the encounter sites, including appressoria, penetration pegs, haustoria, papillae, and host cytoplasm. Most papillae showed conspicuous amounts of reaction products, suggesting that papilla formation includes depositions from secretory vesicles derived from the lysosomal system in host cells. There was a marked difference in the apparent concentration of hydrolytic enzyme activity between normal-size papillae accompanied by haustoria (sites of successful penetration) and oversize papillae (sites of unsuccessful penetration). Hydrolytic enzymes, localized most intensively in a lAyer of the oversize papillae, may confer resistance to fungal ingress by degrading components of the penetration pegs.</div>","PeriodicalId":101028,"journal":{"name":"Physiological Plant Pathology","volume":"27 2","pages":"Pages 167-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0048-4059(85)90065-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82782663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 32

Partial purification and characterization of elicitors for 6-methoxymellein production in cultured carrot cells 胡萝卜细胞6-甲氧基甲基lein诱导子的部分纯化及特性研究

Physiological Plant Pathology Pub Date : 1985-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0048-4059(85)90068-2

Fumiya Kurosaki, Yutaka Tsurusawa, Arasuke Nishi

{"title":"Partial purification and characterization of elicitors for 6-methoxymellein production in cultured carrot cells","authors":"Fumiya Kurosaki, Yutaka Tsurusawa, Arasuke Nishi","doi":"10.1016/0048-4059(85)90068-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0048-4059(85)90068-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div>6-Methoxymellein production by cultured carrot cells was elicited by the addition of partial hydrolysates of the pectic substances of carrot cells obtained with pectinase or trypsin. The crude elicitor preparations were fractionated by anion exchange and gel filtration chromatography and resolved into several fractions. The elicitors, which had been purified from the pectinase hydrolysate, were almost completely destroyed by a subsequent treatment with pectinase. However, treatment with Pronase E did not have a significant effect on the activity of the same elicitor preparations indicating that the essential constituent of these elicitors is oligouronide. On the other hand, pectic fragments of carrot cells obtained by tryptic digestion contained at least two distinct types of elicitor active component. One of them lost activity after treatment with Pronase E after it was resistant to pectinase. In contrast, the activity of the other elicitor was reduced by pectinase treatment. It is likely that elicitor for phytoalexin production in carrot is not a single molecular species but rather heterogenous pectic fragments containing an essential moiety such as oligouronide or peptide.</div>","PeriodicalId":101028,"journal":{"name":"Physiological Plant Pathology","volume":"27 2","pages":"Pages 209-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0048-4059(85)90068-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80973865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Advances in plant pathology 植物病理学进展

Physiological Plant Pathology Pub Date : 1985-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0048-4059(85)90072-4

P.J. Kuhn

引用次数: 0

The effect of age of tomato and maize leaves on resistance to a non-specific and a host specific toxin 番茄和玉米叶片年龄对非特异性和寄主特异性毒素抗性的影响

Physiological Plant Pathology Pub Date : 1985-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0048-4059(85)90064-5

B. Barna, A.R.T. Sarhan, Z. Kiŕaly

引用次数: 13

Phytochemical methods—a guide to modern techniques of plant analysis 植物化学方法-现代植物分析技术指南

Physiological Plant Pathology Pub Date : 1985-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0048-4059(85)90073-6

R. Price

引用次数: 4

Analysis of cross-reactive antigens of Acrocylindrium oryzae and rice in relation to sheath rot disease 稻瘟病与水稻鞘腐病交叉反应抗原分析

Physiological Plant Pathology Pub Date : 1985-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0048-4059(85)90071-2

R.P. Purkayastha, A. Ghosal

引用次数: 13

Secretory organelle and mitochondrial alterations induced by fusaric acid in root cells of Zea mays 镰刀酸对玉米根细胞分泌细胞器和线粒体的影响

Physiological Plant Pathology Pub Date : 1985-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0048-4059(85)90063-3

Jonathan A. Arias

引用次数: 29