{"title":"Controlling Thiyl Radical Polymerization via In Situ Desulfurization","authors":"Huajuan Hu, Ping Yi, Jiayang He, Derong Cao, Hanchu Huang","doi":"10.1039/d4py01140f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4py01140f","url":null,"abstract":"Controlling the thiyl radical polymerizations is highly desirable for synthesizing polymers with precisely controlled main-chain structures yet remains challenging due to the difficulty of reversibly controlling propagating thiyl radicals with existing methods. Here, we present a new strategy in which the propagating thiyl radical undergoes desulfurization with trivalent phosphorus, generating a stabilized carbon radical for reversible control. This approach enables the radical ring-opening polymerization of macrocyclic allylic sulfides to be effectively regulated by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agents, resulting in polymers with well-defined architectures, which was exemplified by the successful incorporation of sequence-defined segments into the polymer backbone, along with diblock copolymerization of macrocyclic allylic sulfides. This work will further advance thiyl radical polymerizations toward polymers with controlled main-chain functionalities.","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yufeng Sang, Ruicong Feng, Yuqian Wang and Qiao Song
{"title":"Supramolecular method enabling effective through-space charge transfer in thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials with pure orange emission†","authors":"Yufeng Sang, Ruicong Feng, Yuqian Wang and Qiao Song","doi":"10.1039/D4PY01181C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4PY01181C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Achieving efficient charge transfer remains a significant challenge for thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials that rely on through-space charge transfer (TSCT). In this study, we successfully applied a novel donor–acceptor pair characterized by non-exclusive charge transfer to TSCT-based TADF polymers. We propose a supramolecular strategy to optimize charge transfer by regulating the spatial arrangement of the donor–acceptor pairs. As the order of these pairs increases, localized emission from monomers is gradually quenched, ultimately resulting in pure orange emission. Photophysical studies reveal that improved spatial order accelerates the reverse intersystem crossing process, thereby enhancing the radiative transition rate of TADF emission and enabling efficient TSCT. This research offers a feasible method for designing TSCT-TADF materials. The resulting supramolecular systems with ordered configurations exhibit excellent energy and charge transfer performance, indicating their potential applications in optoelectronic devices, bioimaging, photodynamic therapy, and other fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":" 1","pages":" 62-68"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oliver Joseph Harris, Peter Tollington, Calum James Greenhalgh, Ryan Larder, Helen Willcock, Fiona Hatton
{"title":"Synthesis and RAFT polymerisation of hydrophobic acrylamide monomers derived from plant oils","authors":"Oliver Joseph Harris, Peter Tollington, Calum James Greenhalgh, Ryan Larder, Helen Willcock, Fiona Hatton","doi":"10.1039/d4py01100g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4py01100g","url":null,"abstract":"Polymeric materials based on fatty acids (FAs) have a combination of characteristics (alkene groups, hydrophobicity, tuneable <em>T</em><small><sub>g</sub></small>) that give them great potential as renewable, high value materials. Here, we investigate the base catalysed transesterification of four different plant oils (high oleic sunflower, olive, hydrogenated coconut and hydrogenated rapeseed) with <em>N</em>-hydroxyethyl acrylamide. By conducting kinetics experiments, investigating potential side reactions and improving isolation of the target products, we were able to identify reactive impurities (radical inhibitors, unintended co-monomers) that were found to remain in the impure brine washed plant oil-based monomers (POBM). Kinetics experiments were then performed to investigate the RAFT polymerisation of these monomers. It was found that the more sustainable brine washing process was viable for the controlled radical polymerisation of the higher <em>k</em><small><sub>p app</sub></small> (saturated) monomers, however column purification was necessary for good control of unsaturated monomers. Polymers with values of <em>M</em><small><sub>n</sub></small> between 3,000 and 12,000 gmol<small><sup>-1</sup></small> were synthesised and dependent on the FA source exhibited either amorphous or semi-crystalline behaviour (<em>T<small><sub>g</sub></small></em> values between -1 and 33 °C, <em>T<small><sub>m</sub></small></em> values between 48 and 66 °C). This work demonstrates the first example of RAFT polymerisation of acrylamide monomers derived from plant oils by a one step direct transesterifcation, opening the door for novel well-defined, functional bio-based polymers.","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Herbert Wakefield IV, Nicholas J. Fromel, Jennifer Jiang, Ilia Kevlishvili, Yunxin Yao, Stephen L. Craig, Heather J. Kulik and Rebekka S. Klausen
{"title":"Isomer-driven polymerization, depolymerization, and reconstruction†","authors":"Herbert Wakefield IV, Nicholas J. Fromel, Jennifer Jiang, Ilia Kevlishvili, Yunxin Yao, Stephen L. Craig, Heather J. Kulik and Rebekka S. Klausen","doi":"10.1039/D4PY01281J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4PY01281J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >We report that differences in ring strain enthalpy between <em>cis</em> and <em>trans</em> isomers of sila-cycloheptene provide a driving force for both polymerization and depolymerization <em>via</em> olefin metathesis. A need for new methods to reintroduce the low-strain isomer into the plastic economy inspired the development of a polymerization based on ring-opening/cross-metathesis step polymerization, which afforded perfect sequence control for an alternating copolymer. The chemical principles are a platform for achieving both efficient polymerization and depolymerization with high mass recovery in functional polymers.</p>","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":" 48","pages":" 5016-5022"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simple amination of polystyrene via radical sp3 C–H imination†","authors":"Mengnan Hu, Lizhe He and Robert J. Comito","doi":"10.1039/D4PY01021C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4PY01021C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >We report the mild functionalization of polystyrene with primary amines and other nitrogen groups through sp<small><sup>3</sup></small> C–H imination. This process significantly increases hydrophilicity without deterioration of molecular weight or thermal properties, and provides a handle for further covalent modification. This work will enable the upcycling and diversification of commodity polyolefins.</p>","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":" 48","pages":" 4947-4951"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142670768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new recyclable polymer based on Diels–Alder crosslinking networks derived from anisaldehyde†","authors":"Caiyun Wang, Weibo Liu, Keying Wang, Kaili Wang, Bowen Deng, Liqiang Wan, Qiaolong Yuan and Farong Huang","doi":"10.1039/D4PY00759J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4PY00759J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The preparation of recyclable cross-linked polymers by combining biomass-based resources with dynamic covalent bonds is a promising strategy for the preparation of sustainable and recyclable thermosetting materials. In this paper, a biomass-based epoxy resin was synthesized from anisaldehyde, and then a biomass-based polymeric material was prepared using Diels–Alder chemistry. The biomass-based material exhibits high mechanical strength and light transparency. The tensile strength and elongation of the biomass-based material at a temperature of 315 °C with a weight loss of 5% (<em>T</em><small><sub>d5</sub></small>) were 79.7 MPa and 12.2%, respectively, which are higher than those of material synthesized from petroleum-based (bisphenol A) epoxy resin. The biomass-based film material with a thickness of 0.14 mm has a transmittance of up to 89% in the light wavelength range of 550–1200 nm. Moreover, the biomass-based material showed good recyclability.</p>","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":" 1","pages":" 37-44"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142671051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assembly-Controlled Supramolecular Aggregation-Induced Emission Systems based on Amphiphilic Block Polymer Hosts","authors":"Yu-Qi Zhu, Zhong-Yuan Chen, Zhi-Wei Zhou, Zhao-Jun Chen, Ming-Xue Wu, Xing-Huo Wang","doi":"10.1039/d4py01009d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4py01009d","url":null,"abstract":"Fabrication of controlled supramolecular assembly and establishing the structure-function relationship was of great significance in supramolecular chemistry. Uniform fluorescence supramolecular polymeric vesicles and/or micelles with enhanced photophysical property were elaborately designed and prepared by amphiphilic block polymer hosts bearing pillar[5]arene units, which following the working mechanism of synergistically confined effect of hydrophobic interactions and host-guest interactions. Additionally, transformation from supramolecular polymeric vesicles to supramolecular polymeric micelles was achieved by selecting different length of hydrophilic segments in block polymer hosts. The optical performance was detailed deciphered by the impact factors including guest patterns, density of pillar[5]arene unit, length of hydrophilic segments and solvent environment. By exploiting amphiphilic block polymer hosts, efficient artificial light-harvesting systems with ordered arrangement of donor and acceptor molecules were well constructed to realize tunable emission wavelength, which was used as Morse code for information encryption matrix with high storage capacity capable of simultaneously storing Chinese, English and digits.","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Izabela Kurowska, Maksym Odnoroh, Oleksandr Ivanchenko, Marc Guerre and Mathias Destarac
{"title":"Synthesis of high molar mass all-(meth)acrylic thermoplastic elastomers by photo-iniferter RAFT polymerisation†","authors":"Izabela Kurowska, Maksym Odnoroh, Oleksandr Ivanchenko, Marc Guerre and Mathias Destarac","doi":"10.1039/D4PY01123F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4PY01123F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The synthesis of PMMA-<em>b</em>-P<em>n</em>BA-<em>b</em>-PMMA triblock copolymers using photoiniferter reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (PI-RAFT) polymerisation is reported. By utilising a combination of green and blue LED irradiation, copolymers with high molar masses up to <em>M</em><small><sub>n</sub></small> ∼800 kg mol<small><sup>−1</sup></small>, low dispersities (<em>Đ</em> < 1.25), and thermoplastic elastomer behaviour were synthesised.</p>","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":" 47","pages":" 4888-4893"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kseniya A. Bezlepkina, Sergey A. Milenin and Aziz M. Muzafarov
{"title":"Azide–alkyne cycloaddition for polydimethylsiloxane chemistry","authors":"Kseniya A. Bezlepkina, Sergey A. Milenin and Aziz M. Muzafarov","doi":"10.1039/D4PY01052C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4PY01052C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMSs) occupy a special place among polymers due to their unique properties, including the possibility of their easy functionalization. Click chemistry reactions, in particular, the azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction, are promising for the production of both functional siloxanes and siloxane copolymers, and for cross-linked materials. This review discusses the emergence and development of the azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction for the synthesis and modification of polydimethylsiloxanes and structures based on them, as well as methods for introducing azide and acetylene fragments into the PDMS structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":" 48","pages":" 4917-4946"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaobai Wang, Xu Liu, Shuchen Wang and Theoni K. Georgiou
{"title":"Effect of architecture on the thermo-induced phase transition of methacrylate-based symmetric pentablock terpolymers†","authors":"Shaobai Wang, Xu Liu, Shuchen Wang and Theoni K. Georgiou","doi":"10.1039/D4PY01033G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4PY01033G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A series of six symmetric pentablock terpolymers were synthesised using group transfer polymerisation (GTP). The chemical composition of these terpolymers comprises 45 wt% of oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (molar mass = 300 g mol<small><sup>−1</sup></small>, OEGMA300, block A), 30 wt% of <em>n</em>-butyl methacrylate (BuMA, block B), and 25 wt% of di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (DEGMA, block C), aiming at a total molar mass (MM) of 9200 g mol<small><sup>−1</sup></small> with varied architectures, including ABCBA, CBABC, BCACB, ACBCA, BACAB, and CABAC. The impact of the polymer architecture (specifically the block number and sequence) was evaluated by comparing the properties of these pentablock terpolymers in aqueous solution, including micellisation, thermo-induced phase transition and gelation, and rheological properties, with each other and the triblock controls (ABC, ACB, and CAB). It was found that the cloud point temperature (<em>T</em><small><sub>cp</sub></small>) of the pentablock terpolymer solution is related to the corresponding micelle conformation, which is dependent on the architecture of the polymer chain. Moreover, the BCACB pentablock terpolymer demonstrated enhanced gelation performance, exhibiting a broader gelation range in terms of both concentration and temperature as well as higher storage modulus (<em>G</em>′), compared to other pentablock and triblock counterparts.</p>","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":" 47","pages":" 4894-4907"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/py/d4py01033g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142610339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}