Clément Gonnot, Mathieu Scalabrini, Benoit Roubinet, Fabien Boeda, David Deniaud, Ludovic Landemarre, Sébastien G. Gouin, Laurent Fontaine and Véronique Montembault
{"title":"Hydrophilic and clickable poly(oxa)norbornenes for multivalent lectin binding†","authors":"Clément Gonnot, Mathieu Scalabrini, Benoit Roubinet, Fabien Boeda, David Deniaud, Ludovic Landemarre, Sébastien G. Gouin, Laurent Fontaine and Véronique Montembault","doi":"10.1039/D5PY00342C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5PY00342C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Dicarboximide-based poly(oxanorbornenyl azlactone) and poly(norbornenyl azlactone), differing only in the substitution of an oxygen atom for a carbon atom, were obtained by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). These well-defined azlactone-functionalized poly(oxa)norbornenes were post-modified <em>via</em> click aminolysis of the azlactone moiety with hydrophobic amino-heptyl mannose, producing glycopolymers with number-average degree of polymerization <img> values of 140 and 25. Notably, the oxygenated dicarboximide-based poly(oxanorbornenyl azlactone) scaffolds exhibited enhanced solubility compared to their norbornenyl analogues. Inhibition tests against five therapeutically relevant lectins (FimH, Bc2L-A, ConA, DC-SIGN, and Langerin) demonstrated nanomolar inhibitions and strong multivalent effects for all polymers, with better lectin binding observed for oxygenated backbone at <img>. This work highlights that dicarboximide-based poly(oxanorbornenyl azlactone) is a promising platform for the development of highly functional water-soluble glycomaterials with precise structural control.</p>","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":" 29","pages":" 3310-3318"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144479446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hsin-Chen Chen, Gilles Sèbe, Thomas Vidil, Lars A. Berglund, Audrey Llevot, Qi Zhou and Henri Cramail
{"title":"Cellulose nanocrystals as stabilizers for waterborne fluorescent non-isocyanate polyurethane latexes†","authors":"Hsin-Chen Chen, Gilles Sèbe, Thomas Vidil, Lars A. Berglund, Audrey Llevot, Qi Zhou and Henri Cramail","doi":"10.1039/D5PY00341E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5PY00341E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) exhibit significantly greater sustainability than conventional polyurethanes (PUs) by adhering to key principles of green chemistry, particularly the elimination of toxic chemicals. In this study, waterborne non-isocyanate polyurethane (WNIPU) latexes, exclusively stabilized by cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and partially derived from renewable resources, were synthesized for the first time <em>via</em> suspension polymerization. A polyaddition reaction between a siloxane diamine and 1,6-hexanediol bis(cyclic carbonate) occurred within the monomer-in-water Pickering emulsion droplets effectively stabilized with CNCs. The concentration of the CNCs was optimized for the Pickering emulsion. The CNCs acted as nanoparticle surfactants on the surface of the WNIPU latex particles, as confirmed using rhodamine B-labelled CNCs and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Spherical-shaped monomer droplets and WNIPU latex particles with a median size of 10 μm were achieved. The effect of the cyclic carbonate-to-amine molar ratio on the amine monomer conversion, molecular weight, and thermal properties of the WNIPU was investigated. The obtained WNIPU suspensions exhibited fluorescence under UV irradiation at 365 nm owing to the clustering of carbamates. Combining the fluorescence properties with low glass transition temperatures, these latexes open various potential applications as functional coatings.</p>","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":" 29","pages":" 3351-3361"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/py/d5py00341e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144341308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sirui Li, Zihui Jiang, Shuxin Liu, Zeqi Wei, Nan Zheng, Yubin Zheng and Wangze Song
{"title":"Metal-free multicomponent polymerization to access polythiophenes from elemental sulfur, dialdehydes, and imides†","authors":"Sirui Li, Zihui Jiang, Shuxin Liu, Zeqi Wei, Nan Zheng, Yubin Zheng and Wangze Song","doi":"10.1039/D5PY00195A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5PY00195A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Polythiophene has attracted significant interest in recent years due to its distinctive optical properties, excellent thermal stability and favorable solubility. However, its synthesis remains a formidable challenge. Herein, a metal-free multicomponent polymerization (MCP) of elemental sulfur, cyclic imides and aromatic dialdehydes was disclosed, which offers a straightforward and sustainable route to access polythiophenes without metal contamination or complex purification processes. All monomers were inexpensive, readily available and easily modifiable, enabling efficient large-scale polymerization with high atom economy without releasing any harmful by-products. A series of well-defined polythiophenes were successfully prepared, with up to 24 800 g mol<small><sup>−1</sup></small> molecular weight and up to 88% yield. It highlighted metal-free MCP as a versatile and environmentally benign strategy for the synthesis of functional conjugated polymers.</p>","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":" 28","pages":" 3211-3215"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rania Rejeb, Philibert Lenormand, Didier Gigmes, Frédéric Dumur, Michael Schmitt, Julien Pinaud and Jacques Lalevée
{"title":"NIR photothermal activation in epoxy/thiol polymerization†","authors":"Rania Rejeb, Philibert Lenormand, Didier Gigmes, Frédéric Dumur, Michael Schmitt, Julien Pinaud and Jacques Lalevée","doi":"10.1039/D5PY00565E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5PY00565E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Epoxy resins are widely employed in coatings and adhesives due to their mechanical strength, thermal stability, and adhesion properties. In recent years, the thiol–epoxy “click” reaction has emerged as a prominent approach in the field of photocuring, offering mild reaction conditions, high efficiency, and oxygen insensitivity. However, conventional UV-curing strategies are limited by shallow penetration depths and potential safety concerns. To overcome these limitations, we explored a near-infrared (NIR)-induced photothermal strategy to trigger epoxy/thiol polyaddition reactions. In this work, various thiol-based crosslinkers and thermal initiators were evaluated to optimize the formulation. Polymerization kinetics were monitored <em>via</em> Real-Time Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (RT-FTIR), and the photothermal effect of the different systems was characterized to assess the heat generation and curing efficiency. This study highlights the potential of NIR-activated thiol–epoxy systems as a safe and effective alternative for deep and rapid curing in advanced material applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":" 28","pages":" 3244-3257"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ziliang Wang, Chang Liu, Li Xu, Baixue Li, Jie Liu, Xue Wang and Yusheng Qin
{"title":"Ugi five-component polymerization of CO2 and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural derivatives toward the synthesis of functional polyfurans†","authors":"Ziliang Wang, Chang Liu, Li Xu, Baixue Li, Jie Liu, Xue Wang and Yusheng Qin","doi":"10.1039/D5PY00424A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5PY00424A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Converting CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> and bio-based platform chemicals into functional polymer materials is currently extremely challenging. In this work, we successfully achieved Ugi five-component polymerization (Ugi-5CP) of CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) derivatives to prepare functional polyfurans at room temperature, without the use of metal catalysts. Furthermore, the Ugi-5CP method was extended to various diamines and dialdehydes, producing polyfurans with satisfactory molecular weights (up to 14 400 g mol<small><sup>−1</sup></small>), reasonable yields, and good solubilities. The Ugi-5CP facilitated the incorporation of functional units, including furan, amide, and urethane. Theoretical calculations confirmed the formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the oxygen atom in the furan ring of the main chain and the hydrogen atom in the amide of the side group. Benefiting from the regulation of inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonding by the furan moiety, the resulting polyfurans exhibited unique nonconventional fluorescence behavior, excellent film-forming ability, and a high strength of 12.0 MPa with an elongation at break of 366.9%. Therefore, this work not only introduces a novel strategy for copolymerization using CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> and bio-based platform chemicals but also provides valuable insights into the regulatory mechanism of multi-component polymerization on the properties of bio-based polymers.</p>","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":" 28","pages":" 3228-3236"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Creation of polymersomes with changes in the membrane structure via disulfide crosslinking under reductive conditions for controlled gradual cargo release†","authors":"Tomoya Kojima, Kouichi Asakura and Taisuke Banno","doi":"10.1039/D5PY00273G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5PY00273G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The controlled release of cargo from carriers is a critical challenge in drug delivery. Polymersomes are capsule-like structures self-assembled from amphiphilic polymers that can function as carriers. Although the sudden release of cargo has been achieved by inducing the overall structural collapse of polymersomes, the gradual release of cargo, which is key for decreasing the number of drug-administration cycles, remains a challenge. Disulfide crosslinking is one of the candidates for controlling the releasing ability of polymersomes. However, such previous research only focused on strategies for oxidation of thiol to induce disulfide crosslinking under oxidative conditions, which missed the potential for the disulfide crosslinking under reductive conditions. Herein, we realize a new strategy that disulfide crosslinking can be induced under reductive conditions. Amphiphilic polymers with multiple disulfide bonds were newly synthesized, and they self-assembled into polymersomes that facilitate the gradual release of cargo in a reductive environment. The addition of glutathione facilitated the successive crosslinking of the disulfide bonds in the membranes, resulting in a rigidified membrane structure. The changes in the membrane rigidity influenced the permeability of the cargo in the polymersome, resulting in its controlled release. We expect that our study will expand molecular design strategies to control the membrane properties of polymersomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":" 28","pages":" 3258-3264"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/py/d5py00273g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144311835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancement of the adhesion of polysiloxane-based adhesives through catechol functionalization†","authors":"Azumi Fukuyoshi, Shogo Oshiro, Yuya Seino, Yosuke Uchida, Takashi Aketa, Toshiyuki Ozai, Hideo Nakagawa and Yoshiro Kaneko","doi":"10.1039/D5PY00442J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5PY00442J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this study, polysiloxane-based adhesives were prepared by introducing a catechol component into the side chains of copolymers comprising polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and ammonium-functionalized polysiloxane components <em>via</em> urea bonds. Aluminum plates were adhered using these polysiloxanes containing PDMS and catechol-functionalized polysiloxane (PS-Ph(OH)<small><sub>2</sub></small>) components at the compositional ratios of 9 : 1, 8 : 2, 7 : 3, 6 : 4 and 5 : 5 (PDMS-PS-Ph(OH)<small><sub>2</sub></small> (9 : 1, 8 : 2, 7 : 3, 6 : 4 and 5 : 5), respectively), and adhesion was evaluated <em>via</em> tensile shear tests at room temperature. The aluminum plates adhered using PDMS-PS-Ph(OH)<small><sub>2</sub></small> (8 : 2, 7 : 3, 6 : 4 and 5 : 5) exhibited high adhesive strength, withstanding tensile shear stresses of 12.7–21.7 MPa. Moreover, PDMS-PS-Ph(OH)<small><sub>2</sub></small> (8 : 2 and 7 : 3) maintained strong adhesion under impact loads. Furthermore, when a 5 kg weight was suspended from the aluminum plates adhered using PDMS-PS-Ph(OH)<small><sub>2</sub></small> (8 : 2 and 7 : 3) and the entire assembly was subsequently heated in an oven, the plates did not peel off until the temperature reached 180 °C and 190 °C, respectively, indicating that adhesion was maintained even at relatively high temperatures. Additionally, adherend plates possessing different thermal expansion coefficients, such as aluminum and stainless-steel plates, were adhered using PDMS-PS-Ph(OH)<small><sub>2</sub></small> (8 : 2 and 7 : 3). Thereafter, a 5 kg weight was suspended from the plates, and the temperature was cycled between room temperature and 150 °C. Consequently, the plates did not peel off, suggesting that PDMS-PS-Ph(OH)<small><sub>2</sub></small> (8 : 2 and 7 : 3) could effectively achieve adhesion between dissimilar materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":" 28","pages":" 3237-3243"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144311834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pinpin Wang, Kai Zhang, Ran Chen, Yan Lu, Feng Li, Tingting Sun, Xinli Song, Xinyu Li and Liping Cao
{"title":"Cationic porous organic polymers for selective adsorption in gas and liquid phases†","authors":"Pinpin Wang, Kai Zhang, Ran Chen, Yan Lu, Feng Li, Tingting Sun, Xinli Song, Xinyu Li and Liping Cao","doi":"10.1039/D5PY00330J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5PY00330J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Porous organic polymers are promising adsorbents due to their excellent stability, low density, and diverse functionalities. Currently, most research focuses on neutral porous organic polymers. However, these materials only adsorb guest molecules matching their pore dimensions due to the limitation of the cavity size, which restricts their application field. To address this issue, two cationic porous organic polymers (CTN-POPs, <strong>CTN-POP-1</strong> and <strong>CTN-POP-2</strong>) were prepared from 1,1′-bis(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-4,4′-bipyridinium dichloride (<strong>1</strong>) with 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-aminophenyl)porphyrin (<strong>2</strong>) and 1,1,2,2-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)ethene (<strong>3</strong>) <em>via</em> the Zincke reaction, respectively. N<small><sub>2</sub></small> adsorption experiments confirmed the porosity of CTN-POPs at 77 K. Furthermore, CTN-POPs displayed high CO<small><sub>2</sub></small>/N<small><sub>2</sub></small> selectivity at 273 and 298 K, and the dynamic breakthrough experiment of <strong>CTN-POP-1</strong> further verifies the dynamic separation performance for CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> and N<small><sub>2</sub></small> at 273 K. In the solution adsorption study, <strong>CTN-POP-1</strong> exhibited higher adsorption capacity for anionic dyes and drugs owing to its porous structure and polycationic property. Moreover, the release ratios for <strong>dye-2</strong> and <strong>drug-3</strong> reached 96.9% and 99.3% in <strong>CTN-POP-1</strong>⊃<strong>dye-2</strong> and <strong>CTN-POP-1</strong>⊃<strong>drug-3</strong>, respectively. Therefore, compared to neutral porous materials, CTN-POPs not only compensate for the traditional limitation of pore size-dependent adsorption performance but also expand the diversity of their application fields. Thus, this study provides an effective strategy for constructing functional materials to relieve the greenhouse effect, purify water resources, and promote drug delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":" 27","pages":" 3129-3137"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144305444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation and properties of bio-based degradable polybenzoxazines containing dihydrazone-based dynamic bonds†","authors":"Aying Wang, Yifen Xu, Wenli Zhao, Jinning Zhang, Fengjun Chen, Zhongxiang Xia, Lidong Zhang, Jing Song, Lixian Yin and Zhi Wang","doi":"10.1039/D5PY00363F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5PY00363F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Benzoxazine resins are widely used in the aerospace and electronics industries due to their high thermal stability and mechanical performance. However, their reliance on petroleum-based precursors and permanent crosslinked networks hinders recyclability, thereby creating environmental challenges. Although existing methods to introduce degradable bonds can improve recyclability, they often compromise thermal performance. To address these issues, we adopted a “rigid conjugated dynamic dihydrazone bond + bio-based synergy” strategy and designed a bio-based benzoxazine resin by synthesizing dihydrazone-containing bisphenol monomers from bio-vanillin and hydrazine hydrate, followed by polymerization with furfurylamine. This strategy incorporated acid-labile dynamic bonds into the crosslinked network while preserving thermal stability. The resin exhibited a char yield of 59.5% at 800 °C, comparable to those of petroleum-based analogues. Moreover, the dynamic network enabled controlled degradation under three conditions: elevated temperature, acetone–water mixtures (2 : 8, v/v), and 0.1 M HCl at 50 °C. In carbon fiber composites, 96% of the original fiber strength (2.64 <em>vs.</em> 2.75 GPa) was retained after 24 hours of resin decomposition, with minimal surface damage. This work demonstrates a bio-based approach for balancing thermal performance and recyclability in thermosetting composites, providing a practical pathway toward sustainable high-performance materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":" 29","pages":" 3296-3309"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144305443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Akshaya Maria Prasad, Gabriel Perli, Marta Ximenis, Ainara Tejero, Agurtzane Mugica, Lucas Polo Fonseca, Ainara Sangroniz, Fernando Vidal and Haritz Sardon
{"title":"Lab safety alert: a real case of isocyanate exposure","authors":"Akshaya Maria Prasad, Gabriel Perli, Marta Ximenis, Ainara Tejero, Agurtzane Mugica, Lucas Polo Fonseca, Ainara Sangroniz, Fernando Vidal and Haritz Sardon","doi":"10.1039/D5PY90051D","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5PY90051D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Real-world laboratory exposure to isocyanates highlights the severe dermal risks posed by these reactive chemicals. A real lab accident reveals the underestimated danger of isocyanates. First-aid actions and key safety insights are shared to reinforce best practices in the laboratory.</p>","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":" 25","pages":" 2905-2909"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144296320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}