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The microchannel plate as vertex detector in high energy physics experiments 微通道板在高能物理实验中的顶点探测器
Nuclear Instruments and Methods Pub Date : 1981-06-01 Epub Date: 2002-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/0029-554X(81)90738-2
Douglas M. Potter
{"title":"The microchannel plate as vertex detector in high energy physics experiments","authors":"Douglas M. Potter","doi":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90738-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90738-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The properties of a microchannel plate exposed to a high energy hadron beam have been studied. When the beam was passed through the plate transverse to the microchannel axes, about 2 microchannels per millimeter were excited and an rms error of less than 10μm was obtained. Prospects for improvement are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100971,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods","volume":"184 2","pages":"Pages 405-407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0029-554X(81)90738-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77607902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Digitization errors using digital charge division positionsensitive detectors 数字式电荷分割位置敏感探测器的数字化误差
Nuclear Instruments and Methods Pub Date : 1981-06-01 Epub Date: 2002-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/0029-554X(81)90750-3
R. Berliner, D.F.R. Mildner, O.A. Pringle
{"title":"Digitization errors using digital charge division positionsensitive detectors","authors":"R. Berliner,&nbsp;D.F.R. Mildner,&nbsp;O.A. Pringle","doi":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90750-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90750-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The data acquisition speed and electronic stability of a charge division position-sensitive detector may be improved by using digital signal processing with a table look-up high speed multiply to form the charge division quotient. This digitization process introduces a positional quantization difficulty which reduces the detector position sensitivity. The degree of the digitization error is dependent on the pulse height spectrum of the detector and on the resolution or dynamic range of the system analog-to-digital converters. The effects have been investigated analytically and by computer simulation. The optimum algorithm for position sensing determination using 8-bit digitization and arithmetic has a digitization error of less than 1%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100971,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods","volume":"184 2","pages":"Pages 477-486"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0029-554X(81)90750-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84809308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
A new ratemeter concept for radiation measuring instruments 辐射测量仪器的新速率计概念
Nuclear Instruments and Methods Pub Date : 1981-06-01 Epub Date: 2002-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/0029-554X(81)90759-X
R.M. Longden-Thurgood, J. Pople
{"title":"A new ratemeter concept for radiation measuring instruments","authors":"R.M. Longden-Thurgood,&nbsp;J. Pople","doi":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90759-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90759-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We describe an analogue electronic (ANELEC) ratemeter which has been designed to replace electromechanical ratemeters and to provide a probe-mounted ratemeter display for use with radiation detectors and portable radiation measuring instruments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100971,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods","volume":"184 2","pages":"Pages 533-536"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0029-554X(81)90759-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78332716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A scintillation counter used in a vacuum chamber for a liquid hydrogen target 用于液氢靶的真空室中的闪烁计数器
Nuclear Instruments and Methods Pub Date : 1981-06-01 Epub Date: 2002-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/0029-554X(81)90735-7
H. Aihara, H. Fujii, T. Kamae, K. Nakamura, T. Sumiyoshi
{"title":"A scintillation counter used in a vacuum chamber for a liquid hydrogen target","authors":"H. Aihara,&nbsp;H. Fujii,&nbsp;T. Kamae,&nbsp;K. Nakamura,&nbsp;T. Sumiyoshi","doi":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90735-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90735-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To measure charge exchange and charged-prong annihilation cross sections in the low momentum <span><math><mtext>pp</mtext></math></span> reaction, we used a cylindrically shaped scintillation counter surrounding the liquid hydrogen target. It was contained in a target vacuum chamber and was optically coupled to a photomultiplier tube outside the vacuum chamber by a lucite light guide. Optical coupling between the scintillator and the lucite light guide was attained by a half-cylinder lucite piece. An analysis of this optical coupling method is also described.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100971,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods","volume":"184 2","pages":"Pages 359-364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0029-554X(81)90735-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87831071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The TASSO gas and aerogel Cherenkov counters TASSO气体和气凝胶切伦科夫计数器
Nuclear Instruments and Methods Pub Date : 1981-06-01 Epub Date: 2002-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/0029-554X(81)90732-1
H. Burkhardt, P. Koehler , R. Riethmüller, B.H. Wiik, R. Fohrmann, J. Franzkea, H. Krasemann, R. Maschuw , G. Poelz, J. Reichardt, J. Ringel , O. Römer, R. Rüsch, P. Schmüser, R. van Staa, J. Freeman, P. Lecomte, T. Meyer, Sau Lan Wu, G. Zobernig
{"title":"The TASSO gas and aerogel Cherenkov counters","authors":"H. Burkhardt,&nbsp;P. Koehler ,&nbsp;R. Riethmüller,&nbsp;B.H. Wiik,&nbsp;R. Fohrmann,&nbsp;J. Franzkea,&nbsp;H. Krasemann,&nbsp;R. Maschuw ,&nbsp;G. Poelz,&nbsp;J. Reichardt,&nbsp;J. Ringel ,&nbsp;O. Römer,&nbsp;R. Rüsch,&nbsp;P. Schmüser,&nbsp;R. van Staa,&nbsp;J. Freeman,&nbsp;P. Lecomte,&nbsp;T. Meyer,&nbsp;Sau Lan Wu,&nbsp;G. Zobernig","doi":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90732-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90732-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We describe the gas and erogel threshold Cherenkov counters built for the TASSO experiment at the DESY e<sup>+</sup>e<sup>−</sup> storage ring PETRA. The counters are arranged in two diametrically opposed groups as part of the two hadron arms. The gas counters contain Freon 114 and CO<sub>2</sub> respectively; 128 ellipsoidal mirrors focus the Cherenkov light through funnels onto Philips 5″ photomultipliers coated with wavelength shifter. <em>β</em> = 1 charged particles are detected with at least 99.9% efficiency. The aerogel counters are of the diffusing wall type. They have a sensitive area of 12 m<sup>2</sup>, divided into 32 cells and use a total of 192 RCA Quantacon 5″ photomultipliers. The average aerogel refractive index is around 1.025. The efficiency for <em>β</em> = 1 charged particles is 98%. Design considerations, prototype evaluation, construction details, and performance of the final counter system are described.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100971,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods","volume":"184 2","pages":"Pages 319-331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0029-554X(81)90732-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75745190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 39
A correction formula for the counting loss in using a time to pulse height converter and experimental verification of the formula 给出了时间-脉冲高度变换器计数损耗的修正公式，并对公式进行了实验验证
Nuclear Instruments and Methods Pub Date : 1981-06-01 Epub Date: 2002-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/0029-554X(81)90758-8
Tadashi Akimoto, Ikuo Murai, Mikihiro Nakata, Yuichi Ogawa
{"title":"A correction formula for the counting loss in using a time to pulse height converter and experimental verification of the formula","authors":"Tadashi Akimoto,&nbsp;Ikuo Murai,&nbsp;Mikihiro Nakata,&nbsp;Yuichi Ogawa","doi":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90758-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90758-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A correction formula for the counting loss in a TPHC-PHA time analyzer is verified experimentally, after deriving the formula by several methods and obtaining a more refined correction formula. The experiment is made by the application of a gate circuit, which inhibits irrelevant signals, to conventional electronic equipment for measuring the neutron time-of-flight spectra. Lastly we propose the application of the method used in our experiments to general spectra measurement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100971,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods","volume":"184 2","pages":"Pages 525-531"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0029-554X(81)90758-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74320945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Thermoluminescence decay and emission spectra of some γ-irradiated alkali fluorides 某些γ辐照碱氟化物的热释光衰变和发射光谱
Nuclear Instruments and Methods Pub Date : 1981-06-01 Epub Date: 2002-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/0029-554X(81)90767-9
Atmaram Vishnu Khedekar, Ramaseshan Ramani, Suresh Shamrao Sardesai, Chandrakant Dattatraya Kalkar
{"title":"Thermoluminescence decay and emission spectra of some γ-irradiated alkali fluorides","authors":"Atmaram Vishnu Khedekar,&nbsp;Ramaseshan Ramani,&nbsp;Suresh Shamrao Sardesai,&nbsp;Chandrakant Dattatraya Kalkar","doi":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90767-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90767-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The room temperature thermoluminescence (RTL) decay from γ-irradiated LiF single crystal (Harshaw), NaF and KF powders (40–60 mesh) were studied as a function of the gamma radiation dose. The total luminescence reaches a maximum for a particular dose depending on the nature of the crystal. The emission spectra for LiF, NaF and KF showed one, two and three emission bands, respectively, in the range 375 to 700 nm. The RTL disappears at higher doses for these fluorides. The results are explained on the basis of postulated metastable energy level.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100971,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods","volume":"184 2","pages":"Pages 577-582"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0029-554X(81)90767-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80294284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A computational study of the response of Ge and NaI(Tl) detectors to the inner bremstrahlung of 90Y 锗和NaI(Tl)探测器对90Y内轫致辐射响应的计算研究
Nuclear Instruments and Methods Pub Date : 1981-06-01 Epub Date: 2002-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/0029-554X(81)90757-6
F.T. Avignone III
{"title":"A computational study of the response of Ge and NaI(Tl) detectors to the inner bremstrahlung of 90Y","authors":"F.T. Avignone III","doi":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90757-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90757-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The convoluting effects of detector response on a continous photon spectrum was studied in a 30% Ge detector and three NaI(Tl) spectrometers using detailed Monte Carlo calculations. The diameters and length of the cylindrical scintillation crystals were:5.08 × 5.08 cm<sup>2</sup>, 7.62 cm<sup>2</sup>, and 12.7 × 12.7 cm<sup>2</sup>. The internal bremsstrahlung spectrum of <sup>90</sup>Y was calculated using the theory of Ford and Martin which include nuclear diagrams. It is clearly shown that recent experimental results, which deviate seriously from theory, are not explained by detector response. A direct comparison to the method of Lidén and Starfelt is made in a typical case. The calculations suggest aan experimental geometry which minimizes the distortion due to photons scattering out of the detector.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100971,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods","volume":"184 2","pages":"Pages 521-524"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0029-554X(81)90757-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89648971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Experimental investigation on the neutron detection efficiency of an NE104 scintillator NE104闪烁体中子探测效率的实验研究
Nuclear Instruments and Methods Pub Date : 1981-06-01 Epub Date: 2002-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/0029-554X(81)90745-X
P. Boccaccio, F. Gramegna, G. Viesti, W. Augustyniak
{"title":"Experimental investigation on the neutron detection efficiency of an NE104 scintillator","authors":"P. Boccaccio,&nbsp;F. Gramegna,&nbsp;G. Viesti,&nbsp;W. Augustyniak","doi":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90745-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90745-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The neutron detection efficiency of an NE104 plastic scintillator (10 cm diameter × 10 cm thick) has been measured in the energy range <em>E</em><sub>n</sub> = 0.3–7 MeV. The T(p, n), D(d, n) and T(d, n) reactions were employed as neutron sources. Experimental results have been compared with the calculleted efficiency obtained from three different Monte Carlo codes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100971,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods","volume":"184 2","pages":"Pages 445-448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0029-554X(81)90745-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78920592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Imaging X-ray spectrophotometers 成像x射线分光光度计
Nuclear Instruments and Methods Pub Date : 1981-06-01 Epub Date: 2002-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/0029-554X(81)90761-8
C.J. Hailey, T.T. Hamilton, W.H.-M. Ku
{"title":"Imaging X-ray spectrophotometers","authors":"C.J. Hailey,&nbsp;T.T. Hamilton,&nbsp;W.H.-M. Ku","doi":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90761-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0029-554X(81)90761-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new instrument which combines the good energy resolution of the gas scintillation proportional counter with the high position resolution of the microchannel plate is proposed. A study of the factors which determine the combined energy and position resolution of the new instrument is discussed. Submillimeter position resolution along with good energy resolution (8% fwhm at 6 keV) should be achievable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100971,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods","volume":"184 2","pages":"Pages 543-547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0029-554X(81)90761-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89007798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
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