Medicine Advances最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic serum testosterone concentration may predict in vitro fertilization yield during ovarian stimulation by a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist long protocol in women with normal ovarian reserve","authors":"Yang Zhao,&nbsp;Xuedan Jiao,&nbsp;Jiawen Xu,&nbsp;Chu Chu,&nbsp;Yacong Cao,&nbsp;Huiyu Xu,&nbsp;Wenming Xu,&nbsp;Xiaomiao Zhao","doi":"10.1002/med4.41","DOIUrl":"10.1002/med4.41","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine whether dynamic changes in serum total testosterone (TT) levels during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) by a GnRH-a (gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist) long protocol may predict pregnancy in women with normal ovarian reserve in in vitro fertilization.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The TT measurements were added to routine hormone tests during COS. The TT dynamic changes, clinical pregnancy rate, and quality of oocytes and embryos of 109 patients were analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared with the non-pregnancy group, in the pregnancy group the TT level on Gn initial day (TT_initial-d) increased sharply when the dominant follicle reached a diameter 10–12 mm [TT_{fΦ (10–12)-d}] and on human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) day (TT_HCG-d), also the ratios of TT_{fΦ (10–12)-d} to TT_initial-d (1.23 ± 0.37 vs. 1.10 ± 0.58, <i>p</i> = 0.040) and TT_HCG-d to TT_initial-d (2.32 ± 1.26 vs. 2.00 ± 1.43, <i>p</i> = 0.019) increased notably. Of the 2 TT ratios, the first tertile limit was regarded as the threshold of high TT ratios (1.00, 1.45). High tertiles had higher pregnancy rates than low tertiles (82.86% vs. 42.11%, <i>p</i> = 0.006; 71.43% vs. 44.83%, <i>p</i> = 0.040). The 2 TT ratios were positively associated with the number of metaphase II oocytes and good-quality embryos.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of COS in a long GnRH-a protocol with optimized outcome, serum TT kinetics appears to be characterized by sharp rises at the early and late stages of follicle growth. The ratios of TT_{Φ (10–12)-d} to TT_initial-d and TT_HCG-d to TT_initial-d may be predictors for pregnancy and qualitative outcomes of oocytes and embryos.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100913,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Advances","volume":"1 4","pages":"383-393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/med4.41","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139173572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncommon/rare oncogenic drivers in non-small cell lung cancer: Consensus and contention","authors":"Yi-Long Wu,&nbsp;Shun Lu,&nbsp;Ying Cheng,&nbsp;Qing Zhou,&nbsp;Hai-Yan Tu,&nbsp;Qing-Hua Zhou,&nbsp;Lv-Hua Wang,&nbsp;Li Zhang,&nbsp;Jian-Ying Zhou,&nbsp;Cheng Huang,&nbsp;Ming Chen,&nbsp;Cheng-Ping Hu,&nbsp;Shao-Kun Chuai,&nbsp;Xiao-Nan Wang,&nbsp;Xiao-Qing Liu,&nbsp;Ji-Wei Liu,&nbsp;Peng-Hui Zhou,&nbsp;Wei-Zhi Chen,&nbsp;Ling-Hua Yan,&nbsp;Yun-Peng Liu,&nbsp;An-Wen Liu,&nbsp;Xu-Chao Zhang,&nbsp;Hui Li,&nbsp;Rong-Rong Chen,&nbsp;Dong-Mei Lin,&nbsp;Cong-Ying Xie,&nbsp;Zheng-Fei Zhu,&nbsp;Hui-Ying Liang,&nbsp;Yong Song,&nbsp;Xiao-Rong Dong,&nbsp;Ming-Fang Zhao,&nbsp;Gui-Bin Qiao,&nbsp;Jiu-Wei Cui,&nbsp;Zi-Ming Li,&nbsp;Zhi-Jie Wang,&nbsp;Xiao-Yuan Chen,&nbsp;Nong Yang,&nbsp;Gen Lin,&nbsp;Pan-Wen Tian,&nbsp;Yun Fan,&nbsp;Qi-Bin Song,&nbsp;Yuan Chen,&nbsp;Jian-Chun Duan,&nbsp;Jia-Lei Wang,&nbsp;Bo Zhu,&nbsp;Bu-Hai Wang,&nbsp;Jun Zhao,&nbsp;Qi-Tao Yu,&nbsp;Li-Feng Wang,&nbsp;Hai-Bo Zhang,&nbsp;Jie Hu,&nbsp;Rui Ma,&nbsp;Tong-Mei Zhang,&nbsp;Jie Lin,&nbsp;Qian Chu,&nbsp;Sheng-Xiang Ren,&nbsp;Yu Yao,&nbsp;Lin Wu,&nbsp;Hui-Juan Wang,&nbsp;Fang Wu,&nbsp;Wen-Zhao Zhong,&nbsp;Yi Hu,&nbsp;Ke-Neng Chen,&nbsp;Jian Zhao,&nbsp;Li Zhang,&nbsp;Fan Yang,&nbsp;Qun Wang,&nbsp;Dong-Sheng Yue,&nbsp;Jian-Ya Zhou,&nbsp;Peng Shen,&nbsp;Jia-Tao Zhang,&nbsp;Xiao-Long Yan,&nbsp;Mei-Juan Huang,&nbsp;Wei-Neng Feng,&nbsp;Li Li,&nbsp;Chinese Association of Lung Cancer, Guangdong Association of Clinical Trials (GACT)/Chinese Thoracic Oncology Group (CTONG)","doi":"10.1002/med4.44","DOIUrl":"10.1002/med4.44","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The importance of uncommon/rare oncogenic drivers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was underscored during the 20th China Lung Cancer Summit. These drivers, while present in a significant proportion of NSCLC patients, remain a challenge for diagnosis and therapeutic targeting. In the never-smokers/low smokers category with mutations such as EGFR and HER2, the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remains suboptimal, attributed to lower PD-L1 expression and tumor mutation burden (TMB). However, heavy smokers, often with mutations like KRAS, may derive benefits from ICIs, as supported by trials like CheckMate-057. With the complex landscape of these drivers and their clinical implications, the summit culminated in six pivotal consensus points, aiming to guide future research and clinical decisions. Despite the advancements, the detection, interpretation, and therapeutic strategies involving these drivers necessitate further exploration and standardization.</p>","PeriodicalId":100913,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Advances","volume":"1 4","pages":"293-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/med4.44","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139009234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metastatic pancreatic cancer mimicking medication related osteonecrosis of the jaw—A rare clinical presentation","authors":"Sandeep Gurav,&nbsp;Gurkaran Preet Singh,&nbsp;Vikas Ostwal,&nbsp;Madhura Sharma,&nbsp;Kiran Jagtiani","doi":"10.1002/med4.42","DOIUrl":"10.1002/med4.42","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis owing to its rapid progression, high mortality rate, and alarming 5-year survival rate of 5%. Skeletal metastases represent an understated site of metastasis in patients with pancreatic cancer, occurring in about 5%–20% of these patients. The clinical presentation of metastasis to the jaws and osteonecrosis of jaw can exhibit similarities, which may lead to an erroneous diagnosis or create a diagnostic dilemma. We present a case of a 62-year-old male patient diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and a prior history of bisphosphonate administration who displayed symptoms such as jaw pain, numbness, reduced mouth opening, and an extra-oral swelling involving a recent tooth extraction site, likely due to medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). Despite initial conservative treatment, the patient's symptoms persisted, prompting further investigation. Depending on the specific context and clinical scenario, it is crucial to employ a comprehensive approach such as clinical examination, radiographic imaging, histopathological examination and monitoring the progression of symptoms over time for accurate diagnosis and timely management. This article presents a rare case of metastatic pancreatic cancer mimicking medication related ONJ, highlighting the clinical dilemma and challenges encountered when presenting symptoms and signs are ambiguous. While the prognosis for such cases is generally poor, dentists and healthcare providers should remain vigilant regarding potential sites of metastasis in cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":100913,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Advances","volume":"1 4","pages":"408-412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/med4.42","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138592847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cystic acne treatment: A comprehensive review","authors":"Akiladevi Durairaj,&nbsp;Karthikeyan Elumalai,&nbsp;Anandakumar Shanmugam","doi":"10.1002/med4.43","DOIUrl":"10.1002/med4.43","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Acne, a common skin condition, is primarily seen in teenagers and young adults and is characterised by large pus-filled bumps beneath the skin. Cystic acne is a common form and is linked to a high incidence of acne-related skin diseases. Causes include age, sex, and lifestyle changes. Treatment options for severe acne include medications, laser therapy, chemical peels, and microneedling patches. This review focuses on cystic acne treatment options and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. Medications like isotretinoin reduce inflammation but have side effects. Laser therapy targets bacteria without medication but may require multiple sessions for optimal results.</p>","PeriodicalId":100913,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Advances","volume":"1 4","pages":"318-329"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/med4.43","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138597656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma tumors that are small but highly invasive","authors":"Zhenbin Qiu,&nbsp;Xiongwen Yang,&nbsp;Jin Xia,&nbsp;Chao Zhang,&nbsp;Wenfang Tang,&nbsp;Xiangpeng Chu,&nbsp;Rui Fu,&nbsp;Xuening Yang,&nbsp;Xuchao Zhang,&nbsp;Yilong Wu,&nbsp;Wenzhao Zhong","doi":"10.1002/med4.38","DOIUrl":"10.1002/med4.38","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding the molecular mechanism of early lymph node metastasis among lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is essential for developing novel therapeutic agents. Proteomic studies helped generate molecular landscape for LUAD. However, the molecular basis of early lymph node metastases remains unknown in patients with LUAD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Surgically resected LUAD tissues and paired normal tissues were selected from 25 patients with stage pT1bN2M0 (group of metastases [GM]) and 27 patients with stage T2b-3N0M0 (group of large primary focus, GL) who had not undergone any anti-tumor treatment. 4D-Label-free proteomics sequencing was performed among these tissues. The clinicopathological information was retrieved from the electronic medical record system in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared with GL tumor tissue, 89 upregulated and 155 downregulated proteins were identified in GM tumor tissue. Upregulated proteins of GM were enriched in the ECM-receptor interaction and PI3K-AKT pathway under Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis. And then, the median disease-free survival (DFS) of GM phenotype patients was used as the cut-off value, and GM was divided into two groups with significantly different survival outcomes (DFS good vs. DFS Poor: DFS: <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001; overall survival: <i>p</i> = 0.0017). All members of the Microchromosome maintenance protein family were highly expressed in the DFS-poor group, especially MCM2. Proteome-based stratification of LUAD revealed three subtypes (S-2, S-2, and S-3) related to different clinical and molecular features. S-3 had higher catabolism-related pathways enriched, such as amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism and fructose and mannose metabolism, which has the worst prognosis (S1 vs. S2 vs. S3, RFS: <i>p</i> = 0.042).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Proteomics analyses revealed that the activation of the extracellular matrix and intracellular signal transduction might be the driving mechanisms for early lymph node metastasis. Higher expressed cell proliferation related pathways of early lymph node metastatic LUAD may accelerate the recurrence after curative surgery. Three proteomic subgroups of LUAD with distinct molecular and clinical characteristics were identified, the one of which characterized by enrichment of catabolism-related pathways displayed the worst survival data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100913,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Advances","volume":"1 4","pages":"340-352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/med4.38","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139230327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on a data mining algorithm based on BERTopic for medication rules in Traditional Chinese Medicine prescriptions","authors":"Hongchen Li,&nbsp;Xinyi Lu,&nbsp;Yujia Wu,&nbsp;Jie Luo","doi":"10.1002/med4.39","DOIUrl":"10.1002/med4.39","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A data mining algorithm is proposed based on BERTopic to provide new insights into the analysis of medication rules in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) prescriptions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using the BERTopic algorithm, collected TCM prescriptions for corneal diseases are converted to embeddings through a transformer based on the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers pre-trained model. Then, Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection is applied to perform dimensionality reduction in prescription embeddings. Subsequently, Hierarchical Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise is used for clustering. Finally, class-based term frequency–inverse document frequency is used to generate several main drug combinations from the clustered results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The highest frequency of drugs used included Buddleja officinalis, Bidens pilosa, Angelica sinensis, Eriocaulon buergerianum, and Raw Rehmannia glutinosa. The most frequent drug combinations were “Eriocaulon buergerianum, Raw Rehmannia glutinosa, Prunella vulgaris, Notopterygium incisum” “Lycii Fructus, Bidens pilosa, Buddleja officinalis” and “Kochiae Fructus, Cortex Dictamni.”</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proposed data mining algorithm based on BERTopic demonstrated promising outcomes in the analysis of TCM prescription medication rules. This method exhibited simplicity and efficiency, thereby offering a novel avenue for analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100913,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Advances","volume":"1 4","pages":"353-360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/med4.39","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139233555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncogenic viral antigens for engineered T cell immunotherapy: Challenges and opportunities","authors":"Haipeng Zhang,&nbsp;Jing Chen,&nbsp;Qianbing Zhang,&nbsp;Lingfeng Yu,&nbsp;Xiaohong Li,&nbsp;Sha Wu","doi":"10.1002/med4.37","DOIUrl":"10.1002/med4.37","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Viruses that cause malignancies such as hepatocellular carcinoma and cervical cancer are the cause of approximately 20% of all human cancers. In recent years, engineered T cell immunotherapy targeting tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) has had some success against virus-associated cancer, although these treatments are associated with side effects. TAA-specific-modified T cells may kill cancer cells but they also react with and damage healthy tissue. During an oncogenic virus infection, viral DNA integrates into the host genome, leading to the expression of viral-specific antigens in the tumor in a restricted and durable manner. The cross-reactive side-effects of conventional TAA-specific engineered T cell treatment can be avoided by creating engineered T cells that target oncogenic viral antigens. To chart a course for the discovery of additional viral-specific antigens and their combination with immune checkpoint inhibition therapies, this review summarizes the development, preclinical research, and clinical application of oncogenic viral antigen–specific T cell immunotherapy. This review also addresses challenges such as virus mutation and diverse integration, which can result in the loss of the target.</p>","PeriodicalId":100913,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Advances","volume":"1 4","pages":"306-317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/med4.37","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139243559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and development of a multi-epitope vaccine for the prevention of latent tuberculosis infection","authors":"Fan Jiang,&nbsp;Lingling Wang,&nbsp;Jie Wang,&nbsp;Peng Cheng,&nbsp;Jing Shen,&nbsp;Wenping Gong","doi":"10.1002/med4.40","DOIUrl":"10.1002/med4.40","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) often progresses to active tuberculosis, necessitating the development of novel vaccine to prevent LTBI. In this study, we aimed to design a <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (<i>M. tuberculosis</i>) vaccine that could elicit a potent immune response to prevent LTBI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used bioinformatics and immunoinformatics techniques to develop a multi-epitope vaccine (MEV) called C624P. The vaccine contained six cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), two helper T lymphocytes (HTL), and four B-cell epitopes derived from six antigens associated with LTBI and the <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> region of difference. We added Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists and PADRE peptide to the MEV to enhance its immunogenicity. We then analyzed the C624P vaccine's physical and chemical properties, spatial structure, molecular docking with TLRs, and immunological features.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The C624P vaccine displayed good antigenicity and immunogenicity scores of 0.901398 and 3.65609, respectively. The vaccine structure was stable, with 42.82% α-helix content, a Z-value of −7.84, and a favored Ramachandran plot area of 85.84% after majorization. Molecular docking analysis showed that the C624P vaccine could bind tightly to TLR2 (−1011.0 kcal/mol) and TLR4 (−941.4 kcal/mol). Furthermore, the C624P vaccine effectively stimulated T and B lymphocytes, resulting in high levels of Th1 cytokines such as IFN-γ and IL-2.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The C624P vaccine represents a promising MEV for preventing LTBI. The vaccine's good antigenicity, immunogenicity, stability, and ability to activate immune responses suggest its effectiveness in preventing LTBI. Our study demonstrated the utility of bioinformatics and immunoinformatics techniques in designing safe and effective tuberculosis vaccines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100913,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Advances","volume":"1 4","pages":"361-382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/med4.40","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of dietary patterns with cognitive function in older people: Results from the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey","authors":"Haiqing Zheng,&nbsp;Huixian Li,&nbsp;Lingcong Kong,&nbsp;Xueli Zhang,&nbsp;Yunfei Gao,&nbsp;Lianting Hu,&nbsp;Xianwen Shang,&nbsp;Huiying Liang","doi":"10.1002/med4.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/med4.35","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dietary patterns are crucial for maintaining cognitive health among older people and can be modified through lifestyle interventions. We investigated the associations between dietary patterns, changes in these patterns over time, and cognitive function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cohort study utilized data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey conducted between 2005 and 2014. The sample included 7472 participants (mean age: 81.45 ± 10.88 years). Dietary patterns were derived using cluster analysis. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The relationships between dietary patterns/changes, MMSE scores, changes in MMSE scores, and cognitive impairment were analyzed using the generalized estimating equation method, linear regression, and logistic regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cluster analysis identified three major dietary patterns: balanced diet, relatively balanced diet, and unbalanced diet. Mean MMSE scores decreased from 24.71 ± 7.24 in 2005 to 22.22 ± 9.29 in 2008, then increased to 24.10 ± 7.76 in 2014. Participants who adhered to balanced diet patterns exhibited significantly higher MMSE scores (1.56; 95% confidence interval: 1.34, 1.78) than those who followed unbalanced diet patterns. This association was particularly prominent among older individuals, women, individuals with no education, and underweight individuals. Participants with relatively balanced or balanced diets showed a significantly lower risk of cognitive impairment (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.65, 0.80; OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.42, 0.53, respectively) than those with unbalanced diets. Transitioning from an unhealthy diet to a healthy diet was associated with a smaller decline in MMSE scores and reduced risk of cognitive impairment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings emphasize the importance of balanced or relatively balanced diets in preserving cognitive health in older individuals. These patterns relate to better MMSE scores and reduced cognitive impairment risk. Shifting from unhealthy to healthy diets is linked to improved MMSE scores and lower cognitive impairment risk. These results underscore the importance of dietary interventions in mitigating cognitive decline in older adults. Further research is warranted to understand the underlying mechanisms and develop targeted strategies for promoting healthy dietary habits in this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100913,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Advances","volume":"1 3","pages":"246-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/med4.35","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50154765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering the heterogeneity and cell fate decisions of endothelial cells after myocardial infarction by single-cell sequencing","authors":"Xinyang Long,&nbsp;Boteng Yan,&nbsp;Zengnan Mo","doi":"10.1002/med4.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/med4.34","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The plasticity of endothelial cells (ECs) is crucial for tissue response to injury. Myocardial infarction can profoundly affect EC function, leading to a shift toward mesenchymal differentiation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We utilized human single-nucleus RNA sequencing data to investigate the dynamic changes and cellular interactions between normal and post-infarction ECs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified two distinct subpopulations of ECs: A transient subpopulation characterized by short-term mesenchymal gene expression and a long-term subpopulation characterized by myocardial gene expression. Trajectory analysis revealed the differentiation pathways and potential roles over time and space. Furthermore, we uncovered the proliferation, differentiation, hypoxic, and inflammatory responses of ECs to injury.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study provides a comprehensive and detailed characterization of endothelial cell states, highlighting the role of activated endothelial cell subpopulations in promoting inflammation and tissue repair after infarction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100913,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Advances","volume":"1 3","pages":"234-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/med4.34","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50154767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}