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Multiscale simulations of the mechanical behaviour of an ensiled granular material 青贮颗粒材料力学行为的多尺度模拟
Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials Pub Date : 2000-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1484(200008)5:6<425::AID-CFM103>3.0.CO;2-V
S. Masson, J. Martínez
{"title":"Multiscale simulations of the mechanical behaviour of an ensiled granular material","authors":"S. Masson, J. Martínez","doi":"10.1002/1099-1484(200008)5:6<425::AID-CFM103>3.0.CO;2-V","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1484(200008)5:6<425::AID-CFM103>3.0.CO;2-V","url":null,"abstract":"Discrete simulations by the distinct element method are performed for modelling an ensiled granular material. Starting from the material microstructure on a microscopic scale, two procedures are considered in order to simulate the mechanical behaviour of the material within a silo on a megascopic scale. On the one hand, a direct discrete simulation from the microscopic scale to the megascopic scale is carried out. On the other hand, a two-step simulation procedure is performed: the determination of the macroscopic behaviour from the microscopic scale, followed by a continuum analysis from the macroscopic scale to the megascopic scale. The macroscopic parameters are derived from discrete simulations of usual rheological tests. An experimental validation of the distinct element method is presented by simulating a biaxial compression test. The macroscopic parameters of the ensiled material are then identified and introduced into a finite element analysis with an elastic–plastic constitutive model using the Mohr–Coulomb criterion. The results of the two above procedures are compared and in this way the relevance of the discrete simulation is demonstrated. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":100899,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials","volume":"C-27 1","pages":"425-442"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84434148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
An implicit constitutive algorithm for finite strain Cam-clay elasto-plastic model 有限应变Cam-clay弹塑性模型的隐式本构算法
Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials Pub Date : 2000-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1484(200008)5:6<469::AID-CFM105>3.0.CO;2-9
M. Rouainia, D. Wood
{"title":"An implicit constitutive algorithm for finite strain Cam-clay elasto-plastic model","authors":"M. Rouainia, D. Wood","doi":"10.1002/1099-1484(200008)5:6<469::AID-CFM105>3.0.CO;2-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1484(200008)5:6<469::AID-CFM105>3.0.CO;2-9","url":null,"abstract":"This work is directed toward the formulation and analysis of the modified Cam-clay critical state model within the framework of isotropic multiplicative finite strains. A suitable energy function, in which the shear modulus is made to depend on the mean pressure, is chosen allowing the hyperelastic response to be energy conserving. As a result of the use of Eulerian logarithmic stretches as strain measures in conjunction with an exponential approximation of the plastic flow rule, the small strain integration algorithms, and the corresponding consistent tangent operators, automatically extend to the finite strain regime. Numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the stability and good performance of the proposed formulation. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":100899,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials","volume":"19 1","pages":"469-489"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84502097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 30
Dynamic behaviour of concrete: the structural effects on compressive strength increase 混凝土的动力特性:结构对抗压强度增加的影响
Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials Pub Date : 2000-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1484(200008)5:6<491::AID-CFM106>3.0.CO;2-R
H. L. Nard, P. Bailly
{"title":"Dynamic behaviour of concrete: the structural effects on compressive strength increase","authors":"H. L. Nard, P. Bailly","doi":"10.1002/1099-1484(200008)5:6<491::AID-CFM106>3.0.CO;2-R","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1484(200008)5:6<491::AID-CFM106>3.0.CO;2-R","url":null,"abstract":"Many concrete structures may be submitted to high rate dynamic loadings (impacts, explosions, etc.). So, it is necessary to know the behaviour of this material in order to predict the response of the structure. Under dynamic loading an increase of apparent compressive strength is observed. This may be due to a rheological effect or to a structural effect. Dynamic compression tests are available using the split Hopkinson pressure bars. Forces and velocities are obtained on each face of the specimen. A simulation of these tests is carried out using two different models. The first, based on plasticity theory, is a non-associated model with a failure surface of the Ottosen type. This model is independent of the strain rate. The second model is an elasto-viscoplastic model with a damage law. It only takes into account the main features of the behaviour, the sliding phenomena, the damage and the softening. The comparison of experimental results and simulations leads us to consider the structural effect as an inertial confinement responsible for the apparent increase in strength. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":100899,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials","volume":"168 1","pages":"491-510"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75469862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 46
Catastrophic landslides due to frictional heating of the failure plane 破坏面摩擦加热引起的灾难性滑坡
Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials Pub Date : 2000-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1484(200008)5:6<443::AID-CFM104>3.0.CO;2-W
I. Vardoulakis
{"title":"Catastrophic landslides due to frictional heating of the failure plane","authors":"I. Vardoulakis","doi":"10.1002/1099-1484(200008)5:6<443::AID-CFM104>3.0.CO;2-W","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1484(200008)5:6<443::AID-CFM104>3.0.CO;2-W","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper catastrophic landslides on a discrete failure plane are considered, which are explained by a mechanism of frictional heat generation that gives rise to high pore-water pressures generation inside the shear band. The problem is governed by a set of coupled diffusion–generation equations for the pore pressure and the temperature inside the shear band at the base of the landslide. The thermo-poro-mechanical coupling leads to frictional softening due to effective stress reduction and explains the extremely low apparent friction angles for rapid slides documented in the literature. The analysis suggests also that the shear band thickness must scale with the geometric dimensions of the slide. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":100899,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials","volume":"58 1","pages":"443-467"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73569280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 87
Microstructural analysis of inherent and induced anisotropy in clay 粘土固有和诱导各向异性的微观结构分析
Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<341::AID-CFM99>3.0.CO;2-C
P. Hicher, H. Wahyudi, D. Tessier
{"title":"Microstructural analysis of inherent and induced anisotropy in clay","authors":"P. Hicher, H. Wahyudi, D. Tessier","doi":"10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<341::AID-CFM99>3.0.CO;2-C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<341::AID-CFM99>3.0.CO;2-C","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to relate the mechanical behaviour of saturated clays to their structural characteristics. Two clays were studied: a kaolinite and a bentonite. The evolution of the shape, the size, the concentration and the orientation of the elements which constitute the clay structure was examined by means of scanning and transmission electron microscopes. Particular care was taken to avoid as far as possible disturbing the micro-structure during observation. The results showed the existence of particle breakage and the creation of structural anisotropy during loading. We can conclude from this work that the mechanical behaviour to clayed materials is largely dependent on the changes which occur at the scale of the particles.","PeriodicalId":100899,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials","volume":"15 1","pages":"341-371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81673730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 107
Ground movements around excavations in granular soils: a few remarks on the influence of the constitutive assumptions on FE predictions 颗粒土中开挖周围的地面运动:关于本构假设对有限元预测影响的几点评论
Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<399::AID-CFM101>3.0.CO;2-R
G. Viggiani, C. Tamagnini
{"title":"Ground movements around excavations in granular soils: a few remarks on the influence of the constitutive assumptions on FE predictions","authors":"G. Viggiani, C. Tamagnini","doi":"10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<399::AID-CFM101>3.0.CO;2-R","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<399::AID-CFM101>3.0.CO;2-R","url":null,"abstract":"Two different approaches for modelling soil non-linearity (hardening plasticity and hypoplasticity) are compared with reference to the analysis of soil–structure interaction in an excavation in dense dry sand, supported by a propped diaphragm wall. The analysis focuses on the prediction of wall and soil movements. A commercial FE code has been used for the elastoplastic analyses, in order to assess the performance of a readily available design tool in current geotechnical engineering practice as compared to the predictions of a more advanced research tool. Although obtained for an idealized scheme, the results allow a number of more general conclusions to be drawn on the influence of the constitutive assumptions. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":100899,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials","volume":"5 1","pages":"399-423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87868410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 33
Experimental observations of behaviour of heterogeneous soils 非均质土特性的实验观察
Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<373::AID-CFM100>3.0.CO;2-D
D. Wood, G. Kumar
{"title":"Experimental observations of behaviour of heterogeneous soils","authors":"D. Wood, G. Kumar","doi":"10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<373::AID-CFM100>3.0.CO;2-D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<373::AID-CFM100>3.0.CO;2-D","url":null,"abstract":"Triaxial tests have been performed on mixtures of kaolin clay and a coarse uniform sand (d50∼2 mm). Drained and undrained compression tests have been performed on isotropically normally consolidated and overconsolidated samples. It has been found that the mechanical behaviour of the mixture is dominated by the mechanical behaviour of the clay matrix until the clay content falls below 40 per cent and the volume fraction of the granular constituent reaches about 0.45. Pore pressures in undrained tests are unaffected by the presence of the sand. Volumetric strains in the clay matrix in drained tests are virtually identical to those seen in pure clay. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Calculations of mechanical response of mixtures have been made using a theoretical analysis, developed for the behaviour of composites: it is found that this analysis overestimates the effect of the granular material. Numerical analyses using a finite element program lie closer to the experimental observations but still overestimate the influence of the sand.","PeriodicalId":100899,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials","volume":"417 1","pages":"373-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79464847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 38
Experimental observations of behaviour of heterogeneous soils 非均质土壤特性的实验观测
Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials Pub Date : 2000-06-28 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<373::AID-CFM100>3.0.CO;2-D
D. Muir Wood, G. V. Kumar
{"title":"Experimental observations of behaviour of heterogeneous soils","authors":"D. Muir Wood,&nbsp;G. V. Kumar","doi":"10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<373::AID-CFM100>3.0.CO;2-D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<373::AID-CFM100>3.0.CO;2-D","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Triaxial tests have been performed on mixtures of kaolin clay and a coarse uniform sand (<i>d</i><sub>50</sub>∼2 mm). Drained and undrained compression tests have been performed on isotropically normally consolidated and overconsolidated samples. It has been found that the mechanical behaviour of the mixture is dominated by the mechanical behaviour of the clay matrix until the clay content falls below 40 per cent and the volume fraction of the granular constituent reaches about 0.45. Pore pressures in undrained tests are unaffected by the presence of the sand. Volumetric strains in the clay matrix in drained tests are virtually identical to those seen in pure clay.</p><p>Calculations of mechanical response of mixtures have been made using a theoretical analysis, developed for the behaviour of composites: it is found that this analysis overestimates the effect of the granular material. Numerical analyses using a finite element program lie closer to the experimental observations but still overestimate the influence of the sand.</p>","PeriodicalId":100899,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials","volume":"5 5","pages":"373-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<373::AID-CFM100>3.0.CO;2-D","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72331117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 38
Microstructural analysis of inherent and induced anisotropy in clay 粘土固有各向异性和诱导各向异性的微观结构分析
Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials Pub Date : 2000-06-28 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<341::AID-CFM99>3.0.CO;2-C
P. Y. Hicher, H. Wahyudi, D. Tessier
{"title":"Microstructural analysis of inherent and induced anisotropy in clay","authors":"P. Y. Hicher,&nbsp;H. Wahyudi,&nbsp;D. Tessier","doi":"10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<341::AID-CFM99>3.0.CO;2-C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<341::AID-CFM99>3.0.CO;2-C","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of this study was to relate the mechanical behaviour of saturated clays to their structural characteristics. Two clays were studied: a kaolinite and a bentonite. The evolution of the shape, the size, the concentration and the orientation of the elements which constitute the clay structure was examined by means of scanning and transmission electron microscopes. Particular care was taken to avoid as far as possible disturbing the micro-structure during observation. The results showed the existence of particle breakage and the creation of structural anisotropy during loading. We can conclude from this work that the mechanical behaviour to clayed materials is largely dependent on the changes which occur at the scale of the particles. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.</p>","PeriodicalId":100899,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials","volume":"5 5","pages":"341-371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<341::AID-CFM99>3.0.CO;2-C","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72364071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 107
Ground movements around excavations in granular soils: a few remarks on the influence of the constitutive assumptions on FE predictions 颗粒土开挖周围的地面运动：关于本构假设对有限元预测的影响的几点意见
Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials Pub Date : 2000-06-28 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<399::AID-CFM101>3.0.CO;2-R
Gioacchino Viggiani, Claudio Tamagnini
{"title":"Ground movements around excavations in granular soils: a few remarks on the influence of the constitutive assumptions on FE predictions","authors":"Gioacchino Viggiani,&nbsp;Claudio Tamagnini","doi":"10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<399::AID-CFM101>3.0.CO;2-R","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<399::AID-CFM101>3.0.CO;2-R","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two different approaches for modelling soil non-linearity (hardening plasticity and hypoplasticity) are compared with reference to the analysis of soil–structure interaction in an excavation in dense dry sand, supported by a propped diaphragm wall. The analysis focuses on the prediction of wall and soil movements. A commercial FE code has been used for the elastoplastic analyses, in order to assess the performance of a readily available design tool in current geotechnical engineering practice as compared to the predictions of a more advanced research tool. Although obtained for an idealized scheme, the results allow a number of more general conclusions to be drawn on the influence of the constitutive assumptions. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.</p>","PeriodicalId":100899,"journal":{"name":"Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials","volume":"5 5","pages":"399-423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/1099-1484(200007)5:5<399::AID-CFM101>3.0.CO;2-R","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72364072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 33
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