{"title":"European College of Veterinary Anaesthetists","authors":"D. Raptopoulos","doi":"10.1111/J.1467-2995.1997.TB00270.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-2995.1997.TB00270.X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"15 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88025127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of epidural xylazine on EEG responses to surgical stimulation during isoflurane anaesthesia in dogs","authors":"K. Otto, S. Piepenbrock, B. Rischke, C. Bötel","doi":"10.1111/J.1467-2995.1997.TB00266.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-2995.1997.TB00266.X","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The effects of epidural administration of 250 μg/kg xylazine on EEG responses to surgical stimulation of 5 different intensities were evaluated during isoflurane anaesthesia for an experimental orthopaedic procedure in dogs. The dogs were assigned randomly to one of 2 treatment groups receiving either xylazine (n = 4) or equal volumes of sterile water (n = 4) (control group) epidurally. Intense surgical stimulation during removal of a bone graft from the dorsoiliac spine of the ileum was associated with a significantly (P = 0.0339) higher increase in EEG alpha/delta ratio after epidural administration of sterile water than after epidural injection of 250 μg/kg of xylazine. In addition, the preincision baseline values for 80% spectral edge frequency were significantly (P = 0.0339) lower in the xylazine group compared to control dogs. Our results suggest that epidural administration of 250 μg/kg of xylazine during orthopaedic procedures in dogs exerts antinociceptive effects which may be in part mediated by a supraspinal effect of xylazine.","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"30 1","pages":"33-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77401693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Report from the Recipient of the 1996 Pharmacia and Upjohn Travel Award","authors":"D. Flaherty","doi":"10.1111/J.1467-2995.1997.TB00271.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-2995.1997.TB00271.X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"101 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75658517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ABSTRACTS OF SCIENTIFIC PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE AUTUMN CONFERENCE OF THE ASSOCIATION OF VETERINARY ANAESTHETISTS, BRISTOL, 25–27TH SEPTEMBER 1996","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-2995.1997.tb00267.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1997.tb00267.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 39-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1997.tb00267.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72285522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. L. Cruz, S. Luna, R. M. O. Clark, F. Massone, G. B. Castro
{"title":"Epidural anaesthesia using lignocaine, bupivacaine or a mixture of lignocaine and bupivacaine in dogs","authors":"M. L. Cruz, S. Luna, R. M. O. Clark, F. Massone, G. B. Castro","doi":"10.1111/J.1467-2995.1997.TB00265.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-2995.1997.TB00265.X","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The time to loss of interdigital reflex, duration of action, duration of muscle relaxation and cardiorespiratory effects were compared after epidural block using lignocaine, bupivacaine or a combination of lignocaine and bupivacaine in dogs. Dogs were pre-medicated with methotrimeprazine, anaesthesia was induced with thiopentone, in order to facilitate epidural puncture, and a lumbosacral epidural block was performed. Body temperature fell after pre-medication, thiopentone and epidural anaesthesia. Minimal changes were observed in arterial O 2 saturation, end tidal CO 2 , respiratory rate, heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure. The combination of bupivacaine with lignocaine produced a shorter time to loss of interdigital reflex than bupivacaine alone, longer analgesia than lignocaine alone and longer muscle relaxation than either lignocaine or bupivacaine. The combination appeared to be the best choice when surgical time is prolonged.","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"53 1","pages":"30-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80733126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"European College of Veterinary Anaesthetists","authors":"Professor D. Raptopoulos","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-2995.1997.tb00270.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1997.tb00270.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"24 1","pages":"Page 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1997.tb00270.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72279924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gastro-oesophageal reflux during anaesthesia induced with either thiopentone or propofol in the dog","authors":"D. Raptopoulos, A. Galatos","doi":"10.1111/J.1467-2995.1997.TB00263.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-2995.1997.TB00263.X","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Lower oesophageal pH was monitored in 68 dogs under anaesthesia induced with either thiopentone or propofol and maintained with halothane in oxygen. Gastro-oesophageal reflux, as evidenced by a decrease in lower oesophageal pH to less than 4.0 or an increase to more than 7.5, occurred in 17.6% (6/34) and 50% (17/34) of the thiopentone-induced and the propofol-induced dogs, respectively, the difference between the 2 groups being significant. Reflux usually occurred shortly after the induction of anaesthesia and had a mean duration of about 46 min. On most occasions, in both groups, the refluxate was acid (pH 7.5). Gastric contents of pH below 2.5 were refluxed on 7 and 2 occasions in the propofol and the thiopentone group, respectively. Regurgitation occurred in only 2 dogs, one in each group. It was concluded that the higher incidence of reflux in the propofol-induced dogs may have been due to the greater decrease of lower oesophageal sphincter pressure induced by propofol than by thiopentone in dogs.","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"6 1","pages":"20-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83738282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of glycopyrrolate on heart rate and intestinal motility in conscious horses","authors":"S. Singh , W. McDonell , S. Young , D. Dyson","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-2995.1997.tb00262.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1997.tb00262.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Glycopyrrolate (GLY) is a synthetic quaternary ammonium anticholinergic compound which offers a number of advantages over atropine, including less arrhythmogenic influence and lack of significant effect upon the central nervous system, eyes and foetus. Five healthy horses (7.4 ± 2.2 years, 462 ± 31.7 kg) were administered 2.5, 5 and 10 μg/kg doses of GLY iv in a randomised and blinded manner with at least 48 h between treatments. The electrocardiogram and heart rate were recorded on an oscilloscopic and chart recorder while gastrointestinal (GIT) motility was assessed by auscultation of 4 abdominal quadrants, assigning a subjective score from 0 (no motility) to 4 (normal motility). Heart rate, which was observed at baseline, 2, 5, 10, 15, 30 min, and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 h post GLY, revealed no change with the 2.5 μg/kg dose, and an increase with 5 μg/kg (59%) and 10 μg/kg (109%) for up to 1 h. The 2.5 and 5 μg/kg doses did not prevent the development of second degree atrioventricular block in some horses for up to 15 min, while the 10 μg/kg dose eliminated any pre-existing block within 5 min. There was a complete loss of GIT motility with the 5 and 10 μg/kg doses and partial loss with the 2.5 μg/kg dose. Subsequent return of motility was apparently dose-dependent with 50% of baseline motility score returning in 2.4, 6.4 and 11.5 h with 2.5, 5 and 10 μg/kg doses, respectively. Two horses receiving a 10 μg/kg dose developed abdominal discomfort. Passage of faeces and appetite were not significantly different with any dose. Glycopyrrolate did not induce any change in the pupillary response to a light source at any stage of observation. The results of this study indicate that 5 μg/kg induces a reasonable increase in heart rate without affecting GIT motility for an excessive length of time in awake, healthy, adult, unsedated horses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 14-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1997.tb00262.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72285521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Isoflurane potentiates metocurine via peripheral not central nervous system action","authors":"J.F. Antognini","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-2995.1997.tb00260.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1997.tb00260.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Inhalational anaesthetics potentiate neuromuscular blocking drugs. The exact sites are not known, but may include the central nervous system, the neuromuscular junction or muscle. Anaesthetic action in the brain could potentiate neuromuscular block directly, or indirectly by altering plasma catecholamine concentrations.</p><p>In 5 goats anaesthetised with fentanyl and pentobarbitone, an experimental preparation was used in which isoflurane (end-tidal/exhaust 1.2–1.3%) was selectively delivered to either the torso (via the lungs) or brain (via an oxygenator/roller pump) during a stable ≅60% metocurine blockade (≅= 4–8 μg/min). Bilateral evoked gastrocnemius muscle twitch was accomplished with electrical stimulation (0.1 Hz) of the sciatic nerves, one of which was cut proximal to the stimulation site; output from the force transducer was digitised and stored on a computer. Blood samples were taken for metocurine, noradrenaline and adrenaline analysis.</p><p>When isoflurane was added to the brain, % depression of the muscle twitch was unchanged at 64 ± 13% on the uncut side; the cut side was also unchanged. When isoflurane was added to the torso, % depression increased from 68 ± 14% to 82 ± 12% (P < 0.05) on the uncut side and from 68 ± 8% to 81 ± 5% on the cut side (P < 0.05). Metocurine concentration in the torso decreased slightly when isoflurane was added to the torso (133 ± 19 ng/ml to 121 ± 18 ng/ml, P < 0.05) and increased slightly when isoflurane was added to the head (116 ± 31 ng/ml to 136 ± 31 ng/ml, P < 0.05). There were no significant changes in noradrenaline or adrenaline concentrations.</p><p>These data suggest that the periphery (neuromuscular junction or muscle) is the important site where isoflurane potentiates metocurine-induced neuromuscular blockade.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Anaesthesia","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 6-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1467-2995.1997.tb00260.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72285520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}