Journal of Occupational Accidents最新文献_第9页

Risk of back pain. Can a servey help? A discriminant analytic approch 背部疼痛的风险。服务员能帮上忙吗?判别分析方法

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1989-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(89)90005-9

Ram R. Bishu

{"title":"Risk of back pain. Can a servey help? A discriminant analytic approch","authors":"Ram R. Bishu","doi":"10.1016/0376-6349(89)90005-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0376-6349(89)90005-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ergonomic research on back pain has evolved around development of techniques such as biomechanical, and postural analyses to assess occupational risk factors. While use of such techniques can often reveal potential for back pain in jobs before injuries have occurred, they require costly equipment and skilled ergonomists. They are also very time-consuming for non-repetitive jobs. It was hypothesized that operator knowledge of a job could be used as a source of information for identification of the risks inherent in a job. It was further postulated that a discriminant function derived from the variables measured through a survey would identify risk factors in a job, and separate jobs into groups of risky and non-risky jobs. To test this method three years' data on back pain accidents pertaining to a steel mill were analyzed to yield a set of candidate jobs. These jobs were then investigated through a survey. A significant discriminant function (<em>p</em> = 0.0005) was developed using the survey responses and a categorized incidence rate. A high classification accuracy showed that the survey variables could discriminate the jobs well. Job incumbents tended to over-emphasize intensity and dynamic factors and under-emphasize postural factors. The technique of discriminant analysis appears to have an exciting potential for a priori classification of all jobs on a risk continuum for management action.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100816,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Accidents","volume":"11 1","pages":"Pages 51-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0376-6349(89)90005-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78509251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Risk assessment and machinery safety 风险评估和机械安全

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1989-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(89)90004-7

H.M.N. Raafat

{"title":"Risk assessment and machinery safety","authors":"H.M.N. Raafat","doi":"10.1016/0376-6349(89)90004-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0376-6349(89)90004-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rapid development in the field of machine design coupled with the increasing use of fluid power and programmable electronic systems in operating modern machinery has led to an increasing concern for the safety of all personnel involved in machine operation and maintenance.</p><p>In many respects, modern machinery tends to pose unique problems and hazards which might differ in nature from those presented by conventional machinery. The introduction of the British Standard Code of practice BS 5304:1988 for Safety of Machinery will benefit manufacturers from a more uniform application of safeguarding principles. Until the European Community legislation and supporting Standards are available, the Code will be the major document detailing how British machinery safety legislation can be complied with. Although the application of risk assessment to machinery safety was explored briefly in the new British Standard, it has very limited application and rigid requirements for safeguarding are still imposed, mainly as a result of ‘experience’ or past accident statistics. Designers feel ‘justifiably’ severely restricted in their innovation by a set of rigid rules presented by the new Standard as well as the EC Directive on Product Liability. This paper considers the role of probabilistic risk assessment as a modern approach to machinery safety through a case history and proposes a guide for the acceptability of risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100816,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Accidents","volume":"11 1","pages":"Pages 37-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0376-6349(89)90004-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79224577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

The international safety rating system in South African mining 南非矿业的国际安全评级系统

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1989-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(89)90006-0

H.S. Eisner, J.P. Leger

引用次数: 1

Accidents in materials handling at building construction sites 建筑工地物料搬运事故

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1989-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(89)90002-3

Toivo Niskanen, Jouni Lauttalammi

{"title":"Accidents in materials handling at building construction sites","authors":"Toivo Niskanen, Jouni Lauttalammi","doi":"10.1016/0376-6349(89)90002-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0376-6349(89)90002-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of the study was to analyze factors influencing the occurrence of accident situations in the handling of materials. The study was started by collecting all the accident notification forms (a total of 442 forms) that pertained to accidents involving the handling of materials that had occurred in one large construction company during five years. The original accident reports sent by the construction company to the insurance companies between 1977 and 1981 were examined, and the accident reports which involved the accidents in materials handling at building construction sites were analyzed in detail. In all, 442 accident reports were analyzed. Each of the 442 accidents were classified according to the following: the construction phase; the work operation; the event causing the injury; the activity at the moment of the accident; the object causing injury; the part of the body injured in the accident; the type of injury; the period of disability; the accident compensation costs paid by the insurance company; and the occupation. The production method and type of building were obtained from the retrospective data on the construction project. The serious accidents (100 cases) investigated by the National Board of Labour Protection were analyzed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100816,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Accidents","volume":"11 1","pages":"Pages 1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0376-6349(89)90002-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76889281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

The index of harm: A measure for comparing occupational risk across industries 危害指数:一种比较各行业职业风险的指标

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1989-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(89)90003-5

Kenneth A. Solomon, Kirsten A. Alesch

{"title":"The index of harm: A measure for comparing occupational risk across industries","authors":"Kenneth A. Solomon, Kirsten A. Alesch","doi":"10.1016/0376-6349(89)90003-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0376-6349(89)90003-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents an index of harm methodology that compares occupational risk among workers exposed to radiological and nonradiological harms. It extends the work of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) by considering American rather than European and Japanese industry groups, by treating the relative importance of various occupational harms as a parameter rather than an arbitrary constant, and by identifying several ways in which both the methodology and the database could be improved. In the analysis, we examine the risk affects of six occupational harms — three nonradiological (death, accidental injury, and disease or illness) and three radiological (somatic effects, genetic effects, and somatic effects to the fetuses or embryos of pregnant women). We performed our analysis under five different assumptions about the relative importance of averting of the six harms in question. The results of this analysis show that radiological workers exposed to the current industry average of 0.35 rem/year are among the safest of all industry groupings, and the riskiest industries appear to be mining; agriculture, fishing, and farming; construction; transportation; and manufacturing, roughly in that order.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100816,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Accidents","volume":"11 1","pages":"Pages 19-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0376-6349(89)90003-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84906227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Safety at work: The limits of self-regulation 工作安全:自我调节的限度

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1989-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(89)90008-4

H.S. Eisner

引用次数: 112

Performance of protective clothing: 2nd symposium' STP 989 防护服性能:第二次研讨会' STP 989

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1989-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(89)90007-2

H.S. Eisner

引用次数: 1

Contents volume 10 目录第10卷

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1989-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(89)90028-X

引用次数: 0

The effects of an informational safety campaign in the shipbuilding industry 造船业信息安全运动的效果

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1989-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(89)90020-5

K.L. Saarela, J. Saari, M. Aaltonen

引用次数: 30

Forthcoming events 即将到来的事件

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1989-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(89)90025-4

引用次数: 0