Jun Tanaka, Seiya Ikeda, Nozomu Yoshikuni, Kohki Mukai
{"title":"Membrane separation of dispersion of PbS colloidal quantum dots with iodide ligands","authors":"Jun Tanaka, Seiya Ikeda, Nozomu Yoshikuni, Kohki Mukai","doi":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We have succeeded in membrane separation to classify PbS colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) with iodide ligands, which have the potential to significantly improve the performance of many optoelectronic devices such as solar cells. CQDs are expected to be applied in various fields due to their unique features; however, a method for mass-producing uniform CQDs has not yet been established, and the high manufacturing costs resulting from small-scale production are hindering social implementation. We have proposed the membrane separation process as an alternative to conventional centrifugation and demonstrated an acceleration and improved efficiency of the separation processes, thereby eliminating the bottlenecks. Size separation of CQDs with iodide ligands (I-CQDs) using membrane filtration has remained particularly challenging due to their inevitable adsorption to the membrane. In this work, I-CQDs were successfully withdrawn to the filtrate without adsorption by dispersing them in a quaternary mixed solvent that satisfies the adsorption-inhibiting conditions proposed in previous studies, which are based on Hansen solubility parameters. Our membrane separation technology will become the basis for the low-cost production of I-CQDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science Letters","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100107"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khalid Mohammad Tayyab , Mohammad Aadil , Chul Ho Park
{"title":"Ongoing phase separation inside hollow fiber membranes via non-solvent induced phase separation","authors":"Khalid Mohammad Tayyab , Mohammad Aadil , Chul Ho Park","doi":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the critical influence of residual solvent on pore evolution during the non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. Employing a comprehensive multi-technique approach, including FT-IR spectroscopy, UV absorbance, contact angle, mechanical testing, shrinkage analysis, and confocal fluorescence microscopy, membrane's morphological evolution is elucidated. The findings demonstrate that residual solvent, particularly under elevated cleaning temperatures, significantly promotes pore collapse, leading to a substantial reduction in water flux. To mitigate this issue, we develop a tailored cleaning solution (methanol, water, and calcium chloride) that effectively enhances solvent exchange while maintaining the rejection performance for bovine serum albumin (BSA). Crucially, this research reveals that residual solvent significantly affects membrane performance, influencing pore structure in ways that go beyond the traditional understanding of the initial phase separation process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science Letters","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100106"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145094873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel carbon molecular sieve membranes for CO2 separation derived from the zero-dimension carbon quantum dots doped polyimide","authors":"Lujie Sheng, Xianglong Zhang, Qingdi Mu, Hui Li, Jizhong Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membranes are very promising for efficient gas separation. In this work, a novel CMS membrane was constructed from the zero-dimension material doped polyimide precursor. The introduction of carbon quantum dots into the polyimide matrix precursor regulated the nanopores structure of the derived CMS membranes precisely for CO<sub>2</sub> separation. The PSD (pore size distribution) near 0.35 nm became narrower after the carbon quantum dots incorporation. And, the novel CMS membranes showed attracting enhancement of gas permeability (114.6 Barrer) and selectivity (94.7) for CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> separation simultaneously, which broke 2008 upper bound. Furthermore, the zero-dimension materials are the promising fillers to regulate the nanopores structure of the CMS membranes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science Letters","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100105"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Timothy M. Weigand, Riley Vickers, Cass T. Miller, Orlando Coronell
{"title":"Temporal fluctuations of non-equilibrium water accessible pathways in polyamide reverse osmosis active layers","authors":"Timothy M. Weigand, Riley Vickers, Cass T. Miller, Orlando Coronell","doi":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molecular-scale simulations of pressure-driven transport through polyamide domains were performed. Analysis revealed the importance of non-equilibrium molecular distributions and the existence of connected pathways from feed to permeate at all times. Individual pathways were found to be ephemeral with an observed upper bound persistence time of 1.75 ns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science Letters","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100104"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Maximizing liquid fertilizer concentration during ammoniacal nitrogen recovery using hollow fiber membrane contactors","authors":"Musie Welldegerima Atsbha, Oded Nir","doi":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hollow fiber membrane contactors (HFMC) can recover high-purity ammonium (liquid) fertilizer from wastewater with low energy and area footprint. Previous studies examined factors such as pH, initial ammonia concentration, flow rate, stream configuration, and acid-stripping solution. However, water flux through the membrane, impacting %N in acid stripping, remains a key barrier to producing commercial-grade liquid fertilizer. This study tested %N enhancement by increasing feed-side salinity to reduce vapor pressure, thereby reducing undesired water flux to the acid side. Two salinity levels (2 M and 5 M NaCl) representing zeolite regeneration solutions were tested. With 5 M NaCl, water flux was nullified, yielding 12 %N (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>) over two cycles, considered very high for this technology. In contrast, 2 M NaCl allowed water flux, achieving only 9 %N. In a third cycle, 5 M NaCl further increased %N to ∼14 %, an unprecedented result for HFMC. Water flux was negative (-0.031 L/m²·h) with 5 M and positive (0.015 L/m²·h) with 2 M NaCl, indicating reverse or forward flow. Ammonia removal efficiency and transfer coefficient (<em>K</em>) remained stable. Furthermore, the membrane prevented ion cross-contamination, producing high-purity liquid fertilizer. Operating at higher salinity, as in ammonia-laden regeneration solutions, may be economically feasible due to solution reusability. This approach optimizes feed properties for highly concentrated liquid fertilizer production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science Letters","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100103"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noah Ferguson, Maqsud Chowdhury, Colin Fitzsimonds, Nicole Beauregard, Mayur Ostwal, Marianne Pemberton, Edward Wazer, Caylin Cyr, Ranjan Srivastava, Jeffrey R. McCutcheon
{"title":"Self-regulating behavior of hybrid membrane systems as demonstrated in an element-scale forward osmosis-reverse osmosis hybrid system","authors":"Noah Ferguson, Maqsud Chowdhury, Colin Fitzsimonds, Nicole Beauregard, Mayur Ostwal, Marianne Pemberton, Edward Wazer, Caylin Cyr, Ranjan Srivastava, Jeffrey R. McCutcheon","doi":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hybrid membrane systems can be difficult to design due to the requisite flow rate matching between up- and downstream unit operations. In this work, we use a forward osmosis-reverse osmosis (FO-RO) hybrid system to demonstrate how some membrane systems can exhibit self-regulating behavior due to osmotic coupling. This can reduce the need for complex control systems for flow balancing. We show this behavior using a module-scale test bed that can mimic the behavior of larger scale operations. The system shows permeate flow rate near-convergence between the FO and RO modules after startup or when perturbed by a change in RO module pressure. The behavior of this hybrid system demonstrates that some membrane operations can exploit osmotic interdependence, rather than expensive control systems, to achieve steady state operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science Letters","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100102"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reactive substrate-driven interfacial polymerization for wrinkled polyamide membranes with enhanced permeance","authors":"Ping Xu , Shaofan Duan , Pengfei Zhang , Kecheng Guan , Hideto Matsuyama","doi":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel strategy was developed to regulate polyamide (PA) membrane morphology and performance by introducing a reactive copolymer, poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride) (PSMA), into the polyethersulfone (PES) substrate. The reactive anhydride groups of PSMA first react with piperazine (PIP) monomers, subsequently affecting diffusion and reaction dynamics of the remaining monomers during interfacial polymerization (IP) for PA layer formation. As a result, wrinkled PA morphologies were formed, enhancing the surface roughness and effective filtration area. The wrinkled PA membranes exhibited significantly improved water permeance (up to 19.7 L m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> bar<sup>-1</sup>) while maintaining comparable rejection rates of 98.7 %, 98.2 %, 85.7 %, 6.1 %, 7.1 % for Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, MgSO<sub>4</sub>, MgCl<sub>2</sub>, LiCl, and NaCl, respectively, due to the similar free volume to unmodified membranes. This work offers a promising approach to tailor membrane structure and optimize nanofiltration performance via substrate reactivity engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science Letters","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100101"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ga Eun Kim , Gyu-Jin Lee , Seoung-Eun Nam , Jinsoo Kim , Sung In Lim , Hyuk Taek Kwon
{"title":"Sealing grain boundary defects in polycrystalline ZIF-8 membranes by graphene oxide coating","authors":"Ga Eun Kim , Gyu-Jin Lee , Seoung-Eun Nam , Jinsoo Kim , Sung In Lim , Hyuk Taek Kwon","doi":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Here we report that a simple graphene oxide (GO) coating can seal the grain boundary (GB) defects of polycrystalline ZIF-8 membranes and thus improve C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>/C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> separation performance, especially separation factor. The effectiveness of GB defect sealing was investigated in terms of the number of GO coatings, the extent of GB defects in ZIF-8 membranes, and GO coating method (dip-coating under atmospheric pressure vs. dip-coating under vacuum), allowing us to conclude that the strategy can mend ZIF-8 membranes with a wide range of GB defects. Moreover, the GO sealing enhanced the pressure-resistance of a ZIF-8 membrane to some extent. Lastly, the GO-sealed ZIF-8 membrane was thermally stable and the intrinsic transport properties of a ZIF-8 membrane was not influenced by the presence of GO.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science Letters","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100100"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liat Birnhack , Oren Ben Porat , Ori Fridman , Tiezheng Tong , Razi Epsztein
{"title":"Partition energy in polyamide membranes and its link to ion-ion selectivity","authors":"Liat Birnhack , Oren Ben Porat , Ori Fridman , Tiezheng Tong , Razi Epsztein","doi":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the mechanisms of molecular transport in polyamide membranes is imperative to improve their solute-specific selectivity. We explored the partitioning behaviors of water and salts in polyamide membranes to elucidate the role of ion-membrane interactions in the transport. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was employed to quantify the mass uptake at different temperatures and determine partition energies (<em>E</em><sub>k</sub>) for water and salts under two different pH values. Zeta potential and permeability tests were conducted to support the ion-membrane affinity trends observed with QCM and link these trends to ion-ion selectivity. Our results demonstrate a high affinity of water to the polyamide membrane (<em>E</em><sub>k</sub> < 0), with a significant swelling effect attributed to dipole interactions and hydrogen bonding. Ion partitioning revealed distinct differences between monovalent and divalent cations, as well as between kosmotropic and chaotropic anions. Specifically, divalent cations (Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup>) exhibited considerably lower partition energies (-0.99 and 0.29 kcal mol<sup>-1</sup>, respectively) and more efficient charge neutralization, indicating stronger interactions with the membrane compared to monovalent cations (∼2.2 kcal mol<sup>-1</sup>). The partition energies of the chaotropic iodide and kosmotropic sulphate anions were substantially different (-5.5 and 4.0 kcal mol<sup>-1</sup>, respectively), likely due to the different tendency of these anions to shed their hydration shell and stick to the polymer. Last, our permeability tests indicate the potential existence of an intrinsic tradeoff between ion partitioning and intrapore diffusion, presumably due to the opposite effects that ion-membrane interactions have on these transport steps. Overall, our work underscores the role of ion-specific interactions in membrane transport and selectivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science Letters","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100099"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samarpan Deb Majumder , Christopher M. Stafford , Xitong Liu
{"title":"Rinse-free deposition of molecular layer-by-layer (mLbL) polyamide reverse osmosis membranes","authors":"Samarpan Deb Majumder , Christopher M. Stafford , Xitong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memlet.2025.100098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The molecular layer-by-layer (mLbL) deposition technique enables the fabrication of polyamide-based reverse osmosis membranes with low surface roughness and tunable membrane thickness, but scale-up of the process is challenged by the necessity for rinsing away unreacted monomers after each deposition step. By sensible tuning of monomer concentrations during deposition, we can eliminate the rinsing steps while still producing polyamide membranes with comparable thickness and surface properties. This approach markedly shortens fabrication time and improves reagent efficiency. By measuring the growth rate of the polyamide membrane as a function of deposition cycles and monomer concentration, we demonstrate that we can deliver a more targeted quantity of monomer to the growing film surface while maintaining a linear growth rate profile. Desalination tests reveal that mLbL membranes produced at the lowest monomer concentration (membrane thickness of ≈20 nm) achieved 99.9 % salt rejection within 4 h, while maintaining a flux of 0.98 L m⁻² h⁻¹ bar⁻¹, indicating that the crosslink density of the membrane remains high. This modified mLbL approach significantly reduces membrane fabrication time without compromising performance, offering a path towards scalable production of polyamide-based membranes with controlled thickness and low roughness while prioritizing both time and resource efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science Letters","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100098"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}