Journal of Joint Surgery and Research最新文献

{"title":"Hip fracture and cancer: descriptive epidemiological study demonstrating a paradigm shift in common orthopedic trauma","authors":"Juri Teramoto ,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Homma ,&nbsp;Taiji Watari ,&nbsp;Koju Hayashi ,&nbsp;Tomonori Baba ,&nbsp;Nobuhiko Hasegawa ,&nbsp;Daisuke Kubota ,&nbsp;Tatsuya Takagi ,&nbsp;Muneaki Ishijima","doi":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Despite the increase both in patients with cancer and those with proximal femoral fractures (PFFs), details of the characteristics of non-pathological PFFs in patients undergoing cancer treatment are unknown. The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the characteristics and issues of patients with active cancer who have non-pathological PFFs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a retrospective, observational, descriptive epidemiological study. A total of 376 patients were admitted to Juntendo University hospital with a diagnosis of PFF. Six of these patients had metastasis-related pathological fractures and were excluded from this study. The remaining 370 patients comprised 100 men and 270 women.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean patient age was 78.6 ​± ​11.2 years. Fractures included 141 trochanteric femoral fractures and 229 femoral neck fractures. Of these, 39 (10.5%) of the patients had active cancer, 55 (14.9%) has a history of past cancer, and 276 (74.6%) had no cancer. Among the 39 patients with active cancer, 13 (33.3%) received glucocorticoids; furthermore, 10 (76.9%) of these 13 patients were not receiving medications to prevent osteoporosis. Lastly, 9 of the 39 falls were hospitalization-related, but 6 (66.7%) of these 9 patients did not undergo rehabilitation during hospitalization.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Approximately one in ten patients with PFF in this study were undergoing cancer treatment. Moreover, one in four patients with PFF were cancer-related. Therefore, orthopedic surgeons should have basic knowledge about cancer management in hip fracture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Joint Surgery and Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 17-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-operative change in lower limb length in inverted V-shaped high tibial osteotomy with a large correction angle is larger than that with a small correction angle","authors":"Seiju Hayashi,&nbsp;Kei Kato,&nbsp;Satoshi Miyazaki,&nbsp;Kazuki Yunokawa","doi":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Although inverted V-shaped high tibial osteotomy (iVHTO) is a good option for severe varus deformity requiring a valgus correction angle &gt;15°, it is still unclear whether its several clinical advantages can be applied to varus deformities requiring a valgus correction angle ≤15°. Moreover, no previous studies have revealed why the application of iVHTO was limited to a correction angle &gt;15°. This study aimed to compare post-operative anatomical changes and to determine any applicability of iVHTO for a valgus correction angle ≤15° using three-dimensional (3D) bone models.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Differences in post-operative anatomical alignment changes between iVHTO with &gt;15° of correction (L-iVHTO group) and iVHTO with ≤15° of correction (S-iVHTO group) were examined. A total of 37 knees (18 ​L-iVHTO and 19 ​S-iVHTO) in 27 patients were enrolled. Pre- and post-operative 3D computed tomography bone models were reconstructed using a ZedHTO system. Post-operative anatomical changes (Δ) in posterior tibial slope (PTS), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), knee rotation angle (KRA), tibial torsion angle (TTA), patella tilting angle (PTA), Caton–Deschamps index (CDI), tibia length (TL), and lower leg length (LLL) were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ΔLLL in the L-iVHTO group (1.8 ​± ​5.6 ​mm) was significantly larger than that in the S-iVHTO group (−1.7 ​± ​4.8 ​mm; <em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.01). No significant differences were observed among the groups in ΔMPTA, ΔPTS at the medial and lateral tibial plateau, ΔKRA, ΔTTA, ΔPTA, ΔCDI, and ΔTL.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Since the characteristics of hemi-open-wedge HTO (OWHTO) and hemi-closed-wedge HTO (CWHTO) might be expressed in iVHTO depending on the correction angle, surgeons should be aware pre-operatively that L-iVHTO will lengthen the LLL and S-iVHTO will shorten the LLL post-operatively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Joint Surgery and Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 21-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of cup placement accuracy using the navigation in total hip arthroplasty between three models using inverse probability of treatment weighting","authors":"Shotaro Tachibana,&nbsp;Shinya Hayashi,&nbsp;Yuichi Kuroda,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Kamenaga,&nbsp;Masanori Tsubosaka,&nbsp;Kensuke Wada,&nbsp;Yoshihito Suda,&nbsp;Yuma Onoi,&nbsp;Kemmei Ikuta,&nbsp;Kensuke Anjiki,&nbsp;Naoki Nakano,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Matsumoto,&nbsp;Ryosuke Kuroda","doi":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study compared the accuracy of acetabular cup placement between three portable navigation systems during total hip arthroplasty (THA). Furthermore, factors affecting accuracy were investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 101 patients who underwent THA using accelerometer-based navigation, 3D mini-optical navigation, or augmented reality (AR)-based navigation were analyzed. Post-operative cup placement angles were measured using three-dimensional templates. Propensity scores were calculated based on age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and target placement angle. After adjusting for confounding factors using inverse probability of treatment weighting matching, absolute differences in post-operative and intra-operative inclination and anteversion angles were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.05). The backgrounds of outliers (an absolute difference in inclination or anteversion &gt;5°) and non-outliers were compared using <em>t</em>-test and Fisher's exact test. Additionally, logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratios of background outliers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The absolute differences in post-operative and intra-operative inclination angles were 2.8°, 3.0°, and 2.9° for accelerometer-based navigation, 3D mini-optical navigation, and AR-based navigation, respectively, with no significant differences. The mean differences in anteversion angles among the groups were 2.2° for accelerometer-based navigation, 2.7° for 3D mini-optical navigation, and 2.2° for AR-based navigation, with no significant differences. BMI was significantly higher in the outlier group (<em>p</em> ​= ​0.03), and logistic regression analysis results showed an odds ratio of 1.2 (<em>p</em> ​= ​0.02).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrated no significant differences in cup placement accuracy among the three navigation systems after adjusting for confounding factors. High BMI may have affected accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Joint Surgery and Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 59-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143446132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of coronal plane alignment of arthritic and healthy knees in Japan","authors":"Gai Kobayashi,&nbsp;Masahiro Hasegawa,&nbsp;Yohei Yamabe,&nbsp;Shine Tone,&nbsp;Yohei Naito,&nbsp;Akihiro Sudo","doi":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>There are geographic differences in the prevalence of coronal plane alignment of the knee (CPAK) phenotypes. This study aimed to evaluate the CPAK classification of healthy and arthritic knees in Japan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cohort of arthritic knees (150 knees in 125 patients who underwent primary total knee arthroplasty) and a cohort of healthy knees (150 knees in 150 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty or bipolar hip arthroplasty with healthy knees) underwent radiological assessment with long-leg radiographs and were categorized into nine phenotypes. The lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), mechanical and arithmetic hip–knee–ankle angles (mHKA and aHKA, respectively), and joint line obliquity were measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean LDFA was 88.1° and 86.9° in the arthritic and healthy knee cohorts, respectively, and the mean MPTA was 85.2° and 86.6°, respectively. The mean mHKA was −8.0° and −1.2° and the mean aHKA was −2.9° and −0.3° in the arthritic and healthy knee cohorts, respectively. There was no significant difference in the distribution of varus/valgus knee on mHKA between the arthritic and healthy knee cohorts. In the arthritic knee cohort, most were CPAK type I (97 knees, 64.7%). Healthy knees were most commonly classified as type II (71 knees, 47.3%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The distribution of varus/valgus knee was similar in Japanese arthritic and healthy knees. However, the distribution of the CPAK classification in the arthritic and healthy knees of Japanese individuals was different.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Joint Surgery and Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 26-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of surgical site infection: need to focus on the enemy within","authors":"Arian Ocean Abedi ,&nbsp;Armita Armina Abedi ,&nbsp;Javad Parvizi","doi":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This review aimed to summarize effective measures to prevent surgical site infections (SSIs) and periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) following total joint arthroplasty (TJA), focusing specifically on the role of the patient's microbiome in the pathogenesis of SSI and highlighting the importance of targeted decolonization strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The impact of the microbiome of the skin, nose, and oral cavity on SSIs is examined. The review includes a detailed analysis of recent literature regarding microbiome-focused interventions and the role of synbiotics in enhancing the gastrointestinal epithelial barrier and reducing pathogen translocation. It also addresses how the host's resistome contributes to antibiotic resistance, which complicates infection prophylaxis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The findings suggest that strategic targeting of the microbiome through specific preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative protocols can significantly improve surgical outcomes. The evidence supports the efficacy of microbiome-centered approaches in infection prevention, with a substantial focus on the roles of the skin, nasal, and oral microbiomes. However, the potential role of the gut microbiome remains less explored in arthroplasty.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Understanding the endogenous sources of SSIs through the microbiome offers a promising direction for reducing infection rates in TJA. While current evidence encourages a shift in pre-operative preparations and post-operative care to incorporate microbiome-centered strategies, further research is necessary to fully explore the potential of the gut microbiome in enhancing prophylaxis against SSIs and PJIs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Joint Surgery and Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 73-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Appreciation to reviewers in 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Joint Surgery and Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Page 78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurate acetabular cup placement using a smartphone-based digital alignment guide in total hip arthroplasty","authors":"Yuki Teranishi ,&nbsp;Yusuke Okanoue ,&nbsp;Junpei Dan ,&nbsp;Dai Ohira ,&nbsp;Masahiko Ikeuchi","doi":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Successful total hip arthroplasty (THA) requires accurate positioning of the acetabular cup. Although computed tomography (CT)-based navigation technology enables more accurate placement, most navigation systems are bulky, expensive, and often inaccessible due to cost and complexity. The purpose of this study was to introduce a smartphone-based digital cup alignment guide to improve placement accuracy and provide a cost-effective and accessible solution for THA.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A smartphone application for acetabular cup placement in THA using built-in gyroscope and accelerometer sensors was developed. The application calculates and displays the cup inclination angle to ensure surgical accuracy. A prospective study was conducted to verify and validate the new guide by assessing the difference between the target pre-operative planned angles and the post-operative placement angles in 87 patients. Differences between the displayed intra-operative angles and the post-operative placement angles were compared between the new guide and CT-based navigation in 20 of the 87 cases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The post-operative cup inclination and anteversion angles were 40.4 ​± ​2.9° (range 35–47°) and 13.7 ​± ​4.4° (range 5–27°). Differences between the intra-operative target and post-operative cup inclination and anteversion angles were 1.8 ​± ​1.9° (range 0–7°) and 2.8 ​± ​2.5° (range 0–10°), respectively. The application demonstrated no significant difference in cup inclination and anteversion angle accuracy compared with CT-based navigation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The smartphone-based guide provides a practical alternative for cup placement in THA, especially in settings where CT-based navigation is not available. Challenges include the need to manage intra-operative pelvic alignment and rotational errors, which suggest room for improvement. However, it is a cost-effective and accessible tool that can improve the accuracy of acetabular cup placement in THA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Joint Surgery and Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142697447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examination of intra-operative blood loss on the first side to perform simultaneous bilateral total hip arthroplasty without allogeneic blood transfusion","authors":"Hiroshige Hamada,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Oinuma,&nbsp;Hidetaka Higashi,&nbsp;Yoko Miura,&nbsp;Taishi Ninomiya,&nbsp;Keishin Ueno,&nbsp;Takamitsu Sato,&nbsp;Hideaki Shiratsuchi","doi":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Simultaneous bilateral total hip arthroplasty (THA) offers benefits such as early rehabilitation and reduced medical costs but carries a risk of peri-operative bleeding necessitating post-operative blood transfusion. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with post-operative anemia in simultaneous bilateral THA using the direct anterior approach (DAA) and to identify criteria for limiting the surgery to one side.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients who underwent simultaneous bilateral THA without allogeneic blood transfusion during surgery at Funabashi Orthopaedic Hospital (Chiba, Japan) between January 2022 and December 2022 were included. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with post-operative anemia. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed using the results in multiple regression analysis to calculate cutoff values.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 161 patients (28 men and 133 women) were included, with a mean age of 61 years. Pre-operative hemoglobin levels and intra-operative blood loss on the first side were identified as factors associated with post-operative anemia. ROC analysis showed that the cutoff value of intra-operative blood loss on the first side was 9.2% of the patient blood volume (PBV) when the pre-operative hemoglobin level was &lt;12 ​g/dL and 16.9% of the PBV when it was ≥12 ​g/dL.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study identified factors associated with post-operative anemia in simultaneous bilateral THA using DAA as well as the criteria for limiting surgery to the first side to prevent post-operative blood transfusion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Joint Surgery and Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 53-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143446119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the most effective osteoporosis drug for bone mineral density loss in proximal area after total hip arthroplasty: A network meta-analysis","authors":"Akira Morita ,&nbsp;Emi Kamono ,&nbsp;Tadashi Oyama ,&nbsp;Hyonmin Choe ,&nbsp;Yutaka Inaba ,&nbsp;Naomi Kobayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The aim of this study was to compare and rank the efficacy of different drugs for bone mineral density (BMD) loss prevention at 1 year after total hip arthroplasty (THA) using a network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A literature search was conducted based on the PRISMA statement. The searched databases included MEDLINE (through PubMed), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cumulative Index to Nursing &amp; Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). Only RCTs exploring the efficacy of currently available osteoporosis drugs in preventing periprosthetic BMD loss were included. A multivariate random-effects NMA was conducted to combine direct and indirect comparisons of agents using a frequentist consistency model. Regarding the efficacy rank, the frequentist analog to the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) probabilities, called the P-score, was used.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>In total, 17 RCTs were extracted. According to the pairwise mean difference (95% confidence interval) in BMD change, the efficacy of teriparatide was highest in both zones 1 and 7. From the predicted treatment rankings for BMD changes, teriparatide was ranked as the best intervention in zone 1 (P-score ​= ​0.8844) and zone 7 (P-score ​= ​0.9044)</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results suggest that teriparatide, zoledronic acid, alendronate, and etidronate may be options for the prevention of periprosthetic BMD loss in zones 1 and 7 ​at 1 year after THA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Joint Surgery and Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 8-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiological evaluation of coronal femoral and tibial morphology and coronal limb alignment in windswept deformity of the knee","authors":"Tomoki Koyama ,&nbsp;Takehiko Sugita ,&nbsp;Akira Sasaki ,&nbsp;Kento Harada ,&nbsp;Hidetatsu Tanaka ,&nbsp;Takashi Aki ,&nbsp;Naohisa Miyatake ,&nbsp;Seiya Miyamoto ,&nbsp;Ikuo Maeda ,&nbsp;Masayuki Kamimura ,&nbsp;Toshimi Aizawa","doi":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjoisr.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Windswept deformity (WSD) of the knee, involving valgus deformity in one knee and varus deformity in the other, is uncommon and not well understood. This study aimed to clarify the radiological characteristics of WSD patients with osteoarthritis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>WSD knees with Kellgren–Lawrence stage 3 or 4 osteoarthritis in 36 patients were radiologically evaluated. Mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), arithmetic hip–knee–ankle (aHKA) angle, and joint line obliquity were measured. Comparisons in radiological measurements were made with 47 patients with bilateral valgus and 135 patients with bilateral varus knee osteoarthritis (control groups).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among WSD patients, 75% had valgus deformity in the right knee, while 25% had it in the left knee. The mLDFA in valgus WSD knees was significantly lower than that in varus WSD knees (85.1 ​± ​2.2° <em>vs.</em> 87.3 ​± ​2.3°; <em>p</em> &lt; ​0.001), whereas the MPTA in varus WSD knees was significantly lower than that in valgus WSD knees (83.9 ​± ​0.5° <em>vs.</em> 87.8 ​± ​0.5°; <em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.001). The calculated aHKA angle indicated that valgus and varus WSD knees corresponded to constitutional valgus and varus alignments, respectively. Compared with the control groups, the mLDFA in valgus WSD knees was significantly higher than that in bilateral valgus knees (85.1 ​± ​0.4° <em>vs.</em> 83.5 ​± ​0.3°; <em>p</em> ​= ​0.003), whereas the mLDFA in varus WSD knees was significantly lower than that in bilateral varus knees (87.4 ​± ​0.4° <em>vs.</em> 88.5 ​± ​0.2°; <em>p</em> ​= ​0.008).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>WSD is more frequently associated with right knee valgus deformity in the Japanese population. Significant side-specific differences in coronal femoral and tibial morphology and constitutional limb alignment were observed in WSD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Joint Surgery and Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 48-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}