{"title":"Irregular deposits in Norway: Systemic economic crime in the rental market","authors":"Johannes Pippidis Lorentzen","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the prevalence and patterns of irregular deposit practices and legal breaches concerning tenancy deposits in Norway’s private rental housing sector. Irregularities in handling tenancy deposits can adversely affect tenants, particularly vulnerable groups like students and low-income families. By analysing transaction data from DNB, Norway’s largest bank, covering January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2023, the research reveals that approximately 24.5–42.6 % of rental units experience irregular deposit practices. Many deposits are not stored in legally required accounts, and about 85 % of deposit repayments were round figures, indicating that interest accrued on deposits was often not paid back to tenants. These breaches of the Norwegian Tenancy Act highlight significant concerns within the private renting sector. As the first systematic investigation of irregular deposits in Norway’s rental market, this study provides a foundation for future research and interventions to protect tenant rights and improve compliance with deposit regulations. The findings emphasize the necessity for legislative reforms to strengthen tenant protections and ensure proper deposit-handling practices.The findings emphasize the necessity for legislative reforms to strengthen tenant protections and ensure proper deposit-handling practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Criminology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Combating money laundering in the age of digital transformation: A comparative study between Türkiye and Nigeria","authors":"Mouhamed Bachir DIOP","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The significance of digitalization due to technological advancements in the modern age is becoming increasingly apparent. However, as a result of the rapid global change, serious concerns arise regarding various aspects of proper digitalization, particularly how to leverage it while avoiding its potentially harmful effects. The numerous gaps that could be exploited create a more dangerous posture, especially concerning financial crimes. This study aims to illuminate a part of the legislative experiences of Türkiye and Nigeria in combating money laundering. The study examines each country's relevant approaches separately, comparing the mechanisms employed in the thick of the digital transformation era.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Criminology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144195860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Uncovering illicit trade practices: Leveraging trade data with a macro-meso-micro approach","authors":"Alexander Kupatadze","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores the potential of legal trade data as a critical tool for analysing illicit trade. By analysing anomalies, trends, and patterns, it demonstrates techniques of uncovering illegal trade practices. The study advances a novel Macro-Meso-Micro Framework, analysing trade flows from broad trends to granular transaction details. Case studies on commodities like acetate tow, drug precursors, and anti-malaria drugs highlight red flags, including vague descriptions, abnormal routes, and opaque buyers. Case studies are offered that demonstrate how macro-meso-micro framework can uncover specific cases of illegal trade practices. The paper also demonstrates that cross-referencing trade data with other datasets enhances detection, offering actionable insights into combating illicit trade.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Criminology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Therapeutic but toxic spaces: Romance fraud victimization from a psychosocial perspective","authors":"Yutaka Yoshida","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Existing studies on romance fraud have been criticized for neglecting the social contexts where these crimes occur. This study takes a psychosocial approach to understanding victims/survivors’ experiences with romance fraud to demonstrate how recognizing the interplay between social norms and the individual psyche can deepen our phenomenological understanding of why messages from fraudsters appear attractive in the eyes of the targeted individuals. Using the case of victims/survivors in globalizing, neoliberalist Japan, the study highlights how the convergence of individuals’ negative emotions and social norms surrounding intimacy can lead to what is experienced as therapeutic but (also) toxic communication with fraudsters, exerting an irresistibly seductive pull on victims/survivors. The life stories of women victimized in romance fraud disclose a poignant situation where fraudsters manipulate their wish and aspiration, as neoliberal entrepreneurial subjects, to seize happiness through their own efforts against the uncertainty of the transiting gender norms in Japan especially with regard to the production and reproduction. The study discusses the findings’ implication for perceived responsibility of victims/survivors, challenging victim-blaming discourses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Criminology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144204716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Old techniques, new technologies: Exploring patterns from scammers that commit financial fraud via cryptocurrency","authors":"Brandon Dulisse, Chivon Fitch, Jaden Denis, Nathan Connealy","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates cryptocurrency-related scams using data from two state scam trackers, focusing on scam types, financial losses, and scammers' methods of contact. Initial findings reveal that cryptocurrency scams share similarities with other online financial scams but maintain unique characteristics tied to digital platforms and cryptocurrencies. The most prevalent scam types for crypto scams are fraudulent trading platforms and pig butchering scams, with victims being predominantly male and introduced to scammers primarily via social media or online messaging platforms. Scammers use a variety of titles to instill an appearance of legitimacy when it comes to cryptocurrency investment behavior: figures, financial experts, and known acquaintances. Scams initiated through personal connections, particularly romantic or familial identities, lead to the largest financial losses. Overall, these results suggest anonymity and digital communication make crypto scams more financially damaging than traditional scams. Our findings can assist in educating the public and improving fraud prevention through focusing on understanding how cryptocurrencies are facilitating new and more costly financial criminal opportunities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Criminology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144549799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abigail Padi , Alhassan Musah , Marshall Wellington Blay , Daniel Odei Okyere, Justice Mark Baidoo
{"title":"Drivers of value added tax compliance among small and medium scale enterprises in Ghana: a multi-dimensional approach","authors":"Abigail Padi , Alhassan Musah , Marshall Wellington Blay , Daniel Odei Okyere, Justice Mark Baidoo","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the drivers of Value Added Tax (VAT) compliance among small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) in Ghana using a multi-dimensional approach. From a sample size of 520 SMEs, data was collected using structured questionnaires, while the dataset was analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that the cost of VAT compliance is not a significant determinant of compliance, deviating from conventional assumptions held in tax compliance literature. On the other hand, knowledge of VAT, VAT audit, and religiosity had positive significant effects on VAT compliance, whereas penalties and fines and high VAT rates influenced compliance behaviour in the negative direction. Remarkably, trust in government did not appear as a predictor of compliance, indicating VAT compliance behaviour is driven largely by immediate economic and operations factors rather than perception of government trustworthiness. This paper contributes to the literature on tax compliance in two important ways: by addressing the socio-cultural and institutional dimensions together, hence more holistically explaining the compliance behaviour regarding VAT, and by challenging the universal applicability of the deterrence theory and providing support for the theory of planned behaviour. The findings equally suggest the need for balanced enforcement strategies and increased taxpayer education to enhance compliance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Criminology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigating art experts and appraisers as potential white-collar criminals: Theorizing art fraud convenience","authors":"Federica De Molli, Petter Gottschalk","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This conceptual paper investigates the role of art experts and appraisers in white-collar crime through the lens of convenience theory. As gatekeepers of authenticity, provenance, and valuation, art appraisers hold significant power in shaping market outcomes. Yet, the opacity of appraisal processes and the asymmetry of knowledge between experts and clients might create opportunities for misconduct. This study explores how deviant behaviour among art professionals can be understood through the interaction of three key dimensions of convenience theory: personal greed, social decay, and learning. Drawing on documented cases of art fraud, including the Knoedler Gallery scandal, the paper illustrates how systemic vulnerabilities, and professional incentives may facilitate ethical transgressions. This research contributes to the broader discourse on white-collar crime by theorizing how structural and situational factors shape decision-making and accountability in the art market.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Criminology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144195861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self inflicted wounds: Financial crime and judicial system in a semi-authoritarian Zimbabwe","authors":"Munjeyi Edmore","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is a wealth of literature that describes and theorizes about the practices of economic and financial crime in the Global North and South, but little research has been done to explore the perspectives of other stakeholders on the growing trend of these crimes and the efficacy of the judicial system in semi-autocratic Zimbabwe. There is a paucity of research on the perspectives of opposition politicians, civic society, human rights lawyers, and journalists on the state of Zimbabwe’s judicial system in dealing with the incidences of financial crimes in a post-coup era, despite the large body of literature on the destructive effects of such crimes on the economy and economic development in Zimbabwe. This study fills this lacuna by examining whether the current judicial system could genuinely deter serious financial crimes or rather encourage their occurrence. This paper focused on analyzing and evaluating the status quo of the judicial system with respect to the existence of financial crimes in Zimbabwe. The article is based on in-depth qualitative interviews with key statekeholders. The findings indicate that the judicial system is captured and biased, as evidenced by the low percentage of convicted individuals with a high profile or elite individuals. The article argues that demilitarization and depoliticization of the judiciary system can be steps towards ‘fencing off’ state intrusion and removing financial crime in Zimbabwe. The results of the data analysis inspired the development of an all-inclusive judiciary structure meant to improve the fairness of the current criminal justice system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Criminology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Grand corruption in the global south: Legal, political and economic analysis of assets recovery in Nigeria","authors":"Simeon A. Igbinedion , Anthony Osobase","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the battle against grand corruption in the Global South (with special emphasis on Nigeria) from the multi-disciplinary perspectives of law, politics and economics. Because grand corruption is a crime, the government – acting for the state – has the exclusive jurisdiction to invoke the existing anti-corruption regime against offenders and their illicitly acquired assets. However, the sole reliance on law has proven to be grossly inadequate because the quantum of recovered assets is disproportionately infinitesimal to the much that is plundered. The objective of the paper is to discuss these issues towards the end of narrowing the gap between assets plundered and assets recovered. In view of such legal inadequacy, this paper interrogates the political attributes of grand corruption and the propensity of the political class to promote its interest over and above that of the rest and to frustrate anti-corruption initiatives. Economically, the paper evaluates the crime by using time series data spanning from 2004 to 2021 and multiple regression technique on the data. The outcome suggests that grand corruption indicator has negative significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria. The result of the discussion demonstrates that it is futile to expect law alone to overcome the incidence of grand corruption and, more importantly, facilitate assets recovery. Such result necessitates the deployment of political and economic analyses. In conclusion, the paper suggests some policy measures that could enable Nigeria and, by extension, many other states in the Global South to overcome the economic crime and render the plundering of their collective patrimony highly unattractive to unscrupulous public officials. Surely, such outcome would channel assets that would otherwise have been plundered to human and national development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Criminology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regulating cryptocurrencies in a post-pandemic global economy: A comparative legal analysis of the EU, the US, and Russia","authors":"Lana Stern","doi":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeconc.2025.100183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article examines how the design features of retail central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) influence the detection and prevention of crypto-enabled money laundering. Drawing on a comparative analysis of Russia, the European Union, the United States, and Malta, it evaluates the effectiveness of CBDC-integrated anti-money laundering (AML) mechanisms in addressing the three key stages of illicit finance: placement, layering, and integration. Using primary sources, including pilot program data, legislative texts, and policy consultations, alongside secondary academic literature, the Study explores how design elements such as ledger visibility, programmable transaction limits, sanctions screening, and tiered privacy structures can be embedded into CBDC infrastructure. The findings reveal significant variation in enforcement capacity, privacy protection, and governance transparency across jurisdictions, shaped by political economy, legal traditions, and technological architectures. The article argues that while CBDCs offer unprecedented opportunities to embed compliance at the core of payment systems, their legitimacy and adoption depend on the careful balancing of enforcement effectiveness with constitutional safeguards, civil liberties, and public trust. Policy recommendations emphasize jurisdiction-specific typology mapping, programmable safeguards, stakeholder engagement, tiered anonymity, cross-border interoperability, and independent oversight. The analysis concludes that CBDCs, if responsibly designed, can modernize AML frameworks and strengthen financial integrity without undermining democratic principles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100775,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Criminology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}