{"title":"Crystal growth of praseodymium molybdate by gel method","authors":"Sanjay Pandita , Vinay Hangloo , K.K. Bamzai , P.N. Kotru , Neera Sahni","doi":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00192-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00192-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Experiments for the growth of praseodymium<span> molybdate<span> crystals using a silica gel method of crystal growth in the system PrCl</span></span></span><sub>3</sub>–(NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>6</sub>Mo<sub>7</sub>O<sub>24</sub>–NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>–HNO<sub>3</sub>–Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> are reported. The Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-rays (EDAX) results suggest the crystals to be praseodymium heptamolybdate of the type Pr<sub>2</sub>Mo<sub>7</sub>O<sub>24</sub>. The crystals assumed varied morphologies, including spherulites, single crystal platelets, multifaceted and coalesced crystals. Some crystals exhibited a twinned structure. The spherulitic morphologies resulted from either the aggregation of crystals joining in a spherical envelope or the formation of an interpenetrating type with complex twinning. The layered structure on the crystal surfaces suggest that the crystals grew by two-dimensional spreading and a pile-up of layers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inorganic Materials","volume":"3 7","pages":"Pages 675-680"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00192-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82452321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of particle size on the antibacterial activity of zinc oxide","authors":"Osamu Yamamoto","doi":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00197-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00197-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The influence of particle size on the antibacterial activity of ZnO powders was investigated using powders with different particle sizes ranging from 0.1 to 0.8 μm. By measuring the change in electrical conductivity with bacterial growth, it was found that the antibacterial activity of ZnO increased with decreasing particle size and increasing powder concentration. The changes of antibacterial action for <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> were similar to those for <em>Escherichia coli</em>. However, the influence of particle size for <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> was less than that for <em>Escherichia coli</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inorganic Materials","volume":"3 7","pages":"Pages 643-646"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00197-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89801078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gwenaëlle Rousse , Calin Wurm , Mathieu Morcrette , Juan Rodriguez-Carvajal , Joël Gaubicher , Christian Masquelier
{"title":"Crystal structure of a new vanadium(IV) diphosphate: VP2O7, prepared by lithium extraction from LiVP2O7","authors":"Gwenaëlle Rousse , Calin Wurm , Mathieu Morcrette , Juan Rodriguez-Carvajal , Joël Gaubicher , Christian Masquelier","doi":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00092-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00092-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new vanadium(IV) diphosphate, VP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>, was obtained by lithium extraction from LiVP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>. The parent compound, LiVP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>, is built on [P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>] groups and [VO<sub>6</sub>] octahedra and its structure has been confirmed by Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. The extraction of one lithium, both electrochemically or chemically, leads to VP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub><span> which presents a totally different diffraction pattern diagram. The crystal structure of this new compound was determined from Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction on the chemically prepared sample. The framework of LiVP</span><sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> is maintained upon lithium extraction, and VP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> crystallizes in space group <em>P2<sub>1</sub></em>. Compared to LiVP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>, there is a very large cell distortion due to a modification of the shape of the tunnels that contained lithium ions along with an oxidation of the vanadium V<sup>III</sup> to V<sup>IV</sup> that induces shorter V–O bond lengths. The phase transformation from LiVP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> to VP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> is found to be displacive and not reconstructive.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inorganic Materials","volume":"3 7","pages":"Pages 881-887"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00092-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85784767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Direct precipitation of spinel type oxide ZnGa2O4 from aqueous solutions at low temperature below 90°C","authors":"Masanori Hirano, Shiro Okumura, Yasunori Hasegawa, Michio Inagaki","doi":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00178-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00178-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ultrafine ZnGa<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> spinel particles ranging from 4 to 11 nm of crystallite size were directly precipitated by dropping a mixed solution of zinc sulfate and gallium sulfate into aqueous NH<sub>3</sub> at a temperature of 25 to 90°C with stirring. They were also precipitated by aging the mixed solution in the presence of either urea or hexamethylenetetramine at 90°C. The crystallite size of the precipitates decreased with increasing concentration of the metal ions in the solution and with decreasing temperature of the solution, which is explained by the formation of a large number of nuclei.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inorganic Materials","volume":"3 7","pages":"Pages 797-801"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00178-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77285243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tzuen-Rong Yang , G. Ilonca , Mi-Ra Kim , G. Stiufiuc , C. Lung
{"title":"Transport properties of Bi2Sr2Ca1−xGdx(Cu1−yZny)2Oy epitaxial thin films","authors":"Tzuen-Rong Yang , G. Ilonca , Mi-Ra Kim , G. Stiufiuc , C. Lung","doi":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00045-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00045-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Measurements of magnetoresistivity, Seebeck, Nernst and Hall coefficients in the mixed state for “Bi:2212” epitaxial thin films, prepared by DC sputtering, and doped with Gd (0≤</span><em>x</em>≤0.5) and Zn (0≤<em>y</em>≤0.03) in magnetic fields between 0 and 5 T, and the temperature range 5–50 K are reported. The critical temperatures, the Hall, Nernst and Seebeck coefficients depend strongly on Zn and Gd contents in the samples. The tails of the transport coefficients versus temperature curves are caused by fluctuation effects, which increase with increasing magnetic field. These anomalous behaviors validate the theories based on time dependent Ginsburg–Landau theory.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inorganic Materials","volume":"3 7","pages":"Pages 781-783"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00045-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73680135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P Padmaja, G.M Anilkumar, P Mukundan, G Aruldhas, K.G.K Warrier
{"title":"Characterisation of stoichiometric sol–gel mullite by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy","authors":"P Padmaja, G.M Anilkumar, P Mukundan, G Aruldhas, K.G.K Warrier","doi":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00189-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00189-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic investigation has been carried out to study the structural changes and coordination of Al and Si in the mullite system as a function of temperature (60–1400°C). The FTIR spectral patterns of the gel and the gel calcined at 200°C show bands corresponding to Al–O–Al and Si–O–Si vibrations. At higher temperatures hydroxyl groups and organics present have been removed. The absence of fine structure in the region 400–900 cm</span><sup>−1</sup> in the temperature range 400–1000°C is interpreted as due to the existence of nanostructured alumina, silica and alumina–silica agglomeration in the amorphous state. Analysis of the spectra indicates the presence of both octahedral and tetrahedral coordination at 1000°C, the temperature around which spinel is formed. The shifting of the asymmetric stretching frequencies of the Si–O–Si and Al–O–Si networks to higher wave numbers indicate the formation of mullite at 1200°C. Crystalline nature of the product is indicated by the sharpening of spectral peaks. The spectra also indicates the completion of mullite formation at 1250°C.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inorganic Materials","volume":"3 7","pages":"Pages 693-698"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00189-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74285733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Boyero Macstre , E. Fernández López , J.M. Gallardo-Amores , R. Ruano Casero , V. Sánchez Escribano , E. Pérez Bernal
{"title":"Influence of tile synthesis parameters on the structural and textural properties of precipitated manganese oxides","authors":"J. Boyero Macstre , E. Fernández López , J.M. Gallardo-Amores , R. Ruano Casero , V. Sánchez Escribano , E. Pérez Bernal","doi":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00091-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00091-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>A systematic study has been conducted in order to compare the structural and morphological properties as well as the genesis course of manganese oxides prepared by a precipitation-calcination method under different conditions. In particular, the roles of the precursor salt, the pH, the precipitating agent and thermal treatment were investigated. It was found that </span>calcination at 873 K of the starting materials gives rise in all cases to crystalline bixbyite. However, the phases formed at lower temperatures are quite different and depend largely on the synthesis conditions. The systems prepared from a Mn(III) ionic salt present maximum specific surface areas according to a greater development medium-sized pores.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inorganic Materials","volume":"3 7","pages":"Pages 889-899"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00091-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76853296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Metal–insulator transition in the spinel-type Cu(Ir1−xPtx)2S4 system","authors":"Nobuhiro Matsumoto, Yasuhiro Yamauchi, Junji Awaka, Yasushi Kamei, Hideaki Takano, Shoichi Nagata","doi":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00180-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00180-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A normal thiospinel CuIr<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> exhibits a temperature-induced metal–insulator (M–I) transition around 226 K with crystal structure transformation. In order to study gradual variations of the M–I transition by gentle chemical modification with increasing the number of 5d electron, we have prepared the polycrystalline samples of Cu(Ir<sub>1−<em>x</em></sub>Pt<sub><em>x</em></sub>)<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> and have investigated the electrical and magnetic properties of these samples. The features of the M–I transition in the electrical resistivity vary gradually with Pt concentration <em>x</em>. No structural transformation has been observed for <em>x</em><span>=0.25 and 0.30, where the abrupt jump disappears in the resistivity and the magnetic susceptibility around the transition temperature.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inorganic Materials","volume":"3 7","pages":"Pages 791-795"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00180-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76792955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lithium loss from lithium cobalt oxide: hexagonal Li0.5Co0.5O to cubic Li0.065Co0.935O phase transition","authors":"Ermete Antolini","doi":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00185-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00185-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lithium loss from LiCoO<sub>2</sub> following isochronal thermal treatment for 5 h in the temperature range 850–1300°C was determined by thermogravimetric (TGA) and diffractometric (XRD) measurements. Lithium vaporization starts from 900°C, and following thermal treatment at 1300°C 85% of lithium was lost. At 1050°C a change in the mechanism of lithium and oxygen evaporation was observed. Initially, following lithium loss, Li<sub><em>y</em></sub>Co<sub>2−<em>y</em></sub>O<sub>2</sub> (solid solution of CoO in LiCoO<sub>2</sub>) was formed. An activation energy of 305 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup><span>, not too far from the heat of reaction from Li</span><sub>2</sub>O to Li<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> vapour, was obtained. Phase transition to cubic Li<sub>0.065</sub>Co<sub>0.935</sub>O structure occurred starting from thermal treatment at 1050°C. Both hexagonal and cubic lithium cobalt oxide structures were subjected to phase transition to get LiCoO<sub>2</sub> and Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> during cooling, but the cubic phase was stabilized against phase transition with increasing temperature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inorganic Materials","volume":"3 7","pages":"Pages 721-726"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00185-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89320690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S.A.M Lima, F.A Sigoli, M Jafelicci Jr, M.R Davolos
{"title":"Luminescent properties and lattice defects correlation on zinc oxide","authors":"S.A.M Lima, F.A Sigoli, M Jafelicci Jr, M.R Davolos","doi":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00055-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00055-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ZnO luminescent properties are strongly influenced by the preparation method and they are principally related to electronic and crystalline structures. This work reports about the correlation among luminescence properties of ZnO, obtained from zinc hydroxycarbonate, and crystalline lattice defects, microstrain, as function of thermal treatment. The crystallite size increase and the qualitative microstrain, obtained by Williamson–Hall plots, decrease as function of temperature. The evolution of electronic defects is analyzed by luminescence spectroscopy based on energy of the electronic transitions. From excitation spectrum, it is verified two bands around 377 nm and 405 nm attributed to the transitions between valence–conduction bands and valence band to interstitial zinc level, respectively. The emission spectra of sample treated at 600°C shows large band at 670 nm. However, the green emission around 530 nm is observed for samples treated at 900°C. The intensities of excitation and emission bands are associated with the increase of the electronic defects that depend on the strain lattice decrease. The lowest strain lattice results on the best green luminescent properties of zinc oxide.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inorganic Materials","volume":"3 7","pages":"Pages 749-754"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1466-6049(01)00055-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86098751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}