{"title":"Environmental sustainability in G7: Nexus between digitalization, green innovation, environmental taxes, and ESG uncertainty","authors":"Md Qamruzzaman","doi":"10.1016/j.igd.2026.100329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.igd.2026.100329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the impact of ESG-based sustainability uncertainty, digitisation, green technological innovation, and environmental taxation on ecological sustainability in the G7 nations from 2003 to 2023. Employing advanced econometric models, such as DSUR, CUP-FM, and CUP-BC, as well as non-causality tests, the analysis reveals that ESG uncertainty significantly increases the ecological footprint and reduces the load-capacity factor, reflecting weaker environmental resilience. Conversely, digitisation and green innovation contribute positively by reducing ecological degradation and enhancing sustainability. Environmental taxes effectively deter harmful activities, thereby strengthening the ecological capacity. This study introduces the ESG-Based Sustainability Uncertainty Index (ESGUI), offering a novel approach to quantifying policy-related sustainability risks. The findings underscore the asymmetric effects of technological and policy variables on environmental outcomes, emphasising the need for robust governance and coherent strategies to address environmental challenges. This study offers critical insights for policymakers to align environmental policies with technological innovations and fiscal tools, thereby achieving long-term ecological balance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100674,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Green Development","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100329"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tackling climate change and improving environmental sustainability: The significance of digitalization, green innovation, and hydroelectricity consumption","authors":"Md. Emran Hossain , Nasiru Inuwa , Devi Prasad Dash , Shamsa Kanwal , Tariq Alkhrissat , Miguel Angel Esquivias","doi":"10.1016/j.igd.2026.100332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.igd.2026.100332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change threatens sustainable development, especially in fast-growing economies such as China. This study jointly examines internet penetration (digitalization), green innovation, hydroelectricity consumption, natural resource extraction, and economic growth in shaping China's climate outcomes over 1980–2021. We apply an augmented dynamic ARDL simulation framework and spectral causality tests to a composite climate change score built from eight environmental indicators. Long-run estimates show that a 1 % rise in resource extraction increases the climate score by 0.02 %, while green innovation cuts it by 0.16 % and hydroelectricity by 0.03 %. Short-run responses are directionally consistent: −0.12 % for green innovation and −0.02 % for hydroelectricity. Economic growth and digitalization aggravate climate pressures over time. Robustness diagnostics (alternative specifications and parameter stability checks) affirm these core relationships. Spectral causality reveals that resource extraction, green innovation, and economic growth drive climate outcomes at medium and long horizons, underscoring dynamic feedbacks often missed in single-factor studies. These findings broaden evidence on integrated technology–resource–energy pathways in emerging economies. Policy priority should therefore center on accelerating green innovation, scaling low-carbon power—particularly hydropower—and managing resource extraction to advance mitigation and support Sustainable Development Goal 13: Climate Action.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100674,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Green Development","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gender diversity, governance innovation, and sustainable corporate practices: Evidence from the two-tier board system","authors":"Arif Budi Satrio","doi":"10.1016/j.igd.2026.100331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.igd.2026.100331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Corporate governance in emerging markets is often shaped by ownership concentration, which makes female board representation crucial. However, evidence of the role of women on boards remains limited and fragmented. This study investigates the role of female board members by using indicators of their representation, education, age, and nationality to examine how they influence corporate governance. Drawing on agency and resource dependence theories, this study examines the role of directors and commissioners in capturing the unique two-tier board systems in developing countries. Employing fixed effects and dynamic GMM, this study finds that board diversity improves governance quality, with the impact becoming more pronounced when it reaches a critical mass of 30 %. Younger, more highly educated, and foreign females on boards show differential interaction effects on boards of directors and commissioners, underscoring the importance of the quality of gender diversity tailored to their positions. This robust study advances the theory in a two-tier governance structure while offering practical guidance for regulators and firms to encourage meaningful female participation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100674,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Green Development","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extreme frequency connectedness between clean energy, fossil fuel, and G7 stock markets: Portfolio management implications","authors":"Houssem Eddine Belghouthi , Walid Mensi , Khamis Hamed Al-Yahyaee","doi":"10.1016/j.igd.2026.100324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.igd.2026.100324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the connectedness and risk spillovers between G7 stock markets, oil (Brent, WTI, Gasoline, Heating Oil), and clean energy (S&P GCE, Rennix, Wilderhill) markets. Using the Quantile Frequency Connectedness framework, we assess interconnectedness across different market phases and investment horizons. The results reveal that connectedness is time-varying and intensifies significantly during periods of financial turmoil, such as the COVID-19 epidemic. Short-term spillovers dominate, suggesting rapid dissemination of shocks. The connectedness structure is also asymmetric, with stronger spillovers in bearish phases. G7 stock indices emerge as consistent net transmitters of volatility, while clean energy assets function as net receivers during bearish phases, offering diversification benefits and serving as safe-haven assets. In contrast, oil assets shift from net receivers to net transmitters over longer horizons. Portfolio analysis reveals that although oil assets offer stronger hedging effectiveness, clean energy assets outperform in terms of risk-adjusted returns and serve as effective volatility buffers. Such benefits reinforce their role in sustainable and resilient portfolio construction. These findings carry significant implications for investors and policymakers, highlighting the critical role of asymmetric and frequency-dependent market connectedness in understanding risk transmission, and promoting the clean energy transition through the implementation of robust green financial policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100674,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Green Development","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145929020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How environmental corporate social responsibility affects green product innovation in China high-pollution industry: The mediating role of green entrepreneurial orientation","authors":"Zhibin Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.igd.2026.100330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.igd.2026.100330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the relationship between environmental corporate social responsibility (ECSR) and green product innovation (GPI) in China high-pollution industries, focuses on the mediating role of three dimensions of green entrepreneurial orientation: innovativeness (IS), proactiveness (PS), and risk-taking (PG). Used 488 enterprises data in China's high-pollution industries and structural equation model method, empirical analysis results show that ECSR has a significant positive impact on GPI, IS, PS, and PG. IS, PS, and PG all have a significant positive impact on GPI. Mediation effects revealed that IS and PG play a mediating role in the influence of ECSR on GPI, but PS does not act as a mediator in this process. This study provides practical guidance for high-pollution industry enterprises in green transformation, addressing how to encourage and promote green entrepreneurial orientation under the guidance of the environmental corporate social responsibility principles, ultimately driving the practical significance of green product innovation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100674,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Green Development","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mapping ESG-Driven sustainable development: A retrospective review and future research agenda","authors":"Slimane Ed-Dafali , Mitesh Patel , Zahra Adardour , Christina Theodoraki","doi":"10.1016/j.igd.2026.100326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.igd.2026.100326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This bibliometric review aims to provide a retrospective overview of ESG performance research within financial, non-financial, and mixed contexts. We reviewed 169 articles selected from high-quality journals. The main theme discussed is the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance on financial performance, highlighting divergent insights across sectors and over time. These differences are highly dependent on sector-specific characteristics, corporate governance systems, ownership structures, and the financial measures used. For each sector, specific governance attributes appear to be determining factors in maintaining good ESG projects. Indeed, new ESG trends are identified in the emerging digital era, including ESG controversies, green innovation, biodiversity risks, and technological innovation, highlighting the urgent need to address them to advance ESG research. Our study provides valuable insights for practitioners, academics, and policy-makers to ensure ESG integration while achieving profitability and sustainability through effective corporate governance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100674,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Green Development","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145929021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Explainable neural algorithms for corporate sustainability forecasting: A layered predictive model anchored in executive awareness, green finance, and digital innovation","authors":"Yara Ibrahim , Hosam Moubarak , Hebatallah Badawy","doi":"10.1016/j.igd.2026.100335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.igd.2026.100335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates how artificial intelligence (AI) capability drives sustainable performance through the mediating role of Digital Green Innovation (DGI). Grounded in the Resource-Based and Natural Resource-Based Views, survey data from 321 organizations are analyzed using a multi-method approach that integrates partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), machine learning (ML), and explainable AI (XAI). The PLS-SEM results reveal a full mediation effect AI Capability enhances sustainable performance exclusively through DGI highlighting that technological resources must be embedded within innovation processes to generate environmental and social value. To ensure convergent validation and methodological robustness, predictive ML models (random forest, support vector regression, multilayer perceptron, and one-dimensional convolutional neural networks) are applied alongside XAI techniques (SHAP and LIME). These complementary analyses independently converge on the same key drivers DGI and top management environmental awareness providing strong empirical triangulation and interpretive transparency. Theoretically, the study advances the understanding of AI-enabled sustainability by demonstrating that AI resources yield value only when channeled through green innovation capabilities. Methodologically, it contributes by showcasing a convergent SEM–ML–XAI framework that enhances both explanatory and predictive validity. Practically, organizations should strengthen digital innovation systems and employ XAI tools to dynamically monitor and refine sustainability performance drivers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100674,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Green Development","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nuria Badenes-Plá , José M. Labeaga , Ester Martínez-Ros
{"title":"Does gender equality matter in the mitigation of CO2 emissions? An OECD country analysis","authors":"Nuria Badenes-Plá , José M. Labeaga , Ester Martínez-Ros","doi":"10.1016/j.igd.2025.100311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.igd.2025.100311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Proposal</h3><div>Grounded in the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals, the analysis explores the implications of gender disparities for environmental impact. Traditionally, the literature on environmental impact of emissions is assessed without incorporating a gendered perspective. This study investigates the extent to which gender inequality influences emissions levels in OECD countries and moderates the relationship between broader social inequalities and environmental outcomes. Utilizing a newly constructed dataset encompassing 29 OECD countries over the period 2014–2019, the study integrates indicators of gender, income, and wealth inequality with data on emissions and resource use. The findings reveal that increasing concentrations of wealth and income pose significant barriers to achieving gender equality, with substantial environmental consequences. While aggregate models may not consistently reflect this relationship, evidence from specific countries highlights the self-reinforcing nature of gender inequality. The results entail relevant policy implications emphasizing the potential for dual benefits of addressing both inequalities from targeted public policies, advancing social equity while enhancing climate action. Tackling these interconnections can unlock opportunities for a more sustainable and equitable future, fostering synergies between justice and environmental sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100674,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Green Development","volume":"4 6","pages":"Article 100311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of official ESG disclosure timing on the effectiveness of the Chinese stock market","authors":"Jiale Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.igd.2025.100314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.igd.2025.100314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chinese companies often use quarterly ratings to assess and update their environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) performance. This approach allows investors and stakeholders to stay informed about a company's performance. This study investigated variations in the effect of ESG announcements made in different months on the cumulative abnormal return (CAR) within seven days before and after each announcement. Specifically, statistical analysis, regression analysis, comparative analysis, and other methods were used to determine the month of announcement having the most profound impact on ESG performance, focusing on the impact of ESG announcements in March, June, September, and December on CAR during the announcement period. In addition, this study introduces an instrumental variable to directly compare differences in the impact of ESG announcements on CAR in these months. The results showed that the impact of ESG announcements on CAR varies during the announcement period. In addition, a direct comparison showed that ESG announcements in March have a more pronounced impact on CAR than those in June and September. This study highlights the effect of ESG, a non-financial indicator, on stock returns and sheds light on whether companies can be benefited through sustainable development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100674,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Green Development","volume":"4 6","pages":"Article 100314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asif Raihan , Mohammad Ridwan , Syed Masiur Rahman , Tapan Sarker , Filiz Guneysu Atasoy , Samanta Islam , Mifthaul Arefine Kakon , Runa Akter
{"title":"Balancing growth and sustainability: The role of women's empowerment, innovation, and green transitions","authors":"Asif Raihan , Mohammad Ridwan , Syed Masiur Rahman , Tapan Sarker , Filiz Guneysu Atasoy , Samanta Islam , Mifthaul Arefine Kakon , Runa Akter","doi":"10.1016/j.igd.2025.100315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.igd.2025.100315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change and environmental degradation remain urgent global challenges driven by rapid economic growth, fossil fuel dependence, and unsustainable consumption. While prior studies have explored the roles of technology, energy, and growth, limited research examines how women's empowerment shapes the economy–energy–technology–environment nexus. This study investigates the joint impact of economic development, technological innovation, renewable energy, and women's empowerment on environmental sustainability using data from 189 countries spanning 1990–2022. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model is employed to assess both short- and long-run dynamics, with robustness verified through Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS), Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS), and Canonical Cointegration Regression (CCR). Results show that economic growth intensifies greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, while technological innovation, renewable energy use, and women's empowerment significantly reduce emissions across time horizons. These findings underscore the need to integrate gender equity with technological and energy transitions to decouple economic progress from ecological degradation. Policy recommendations include expanding renewable energy, incentivizing green technologies, and strengthening women's participation in economic and political decision-making. By positioning gender empowerment as a structural driver of sustainability, this study advances an inclusive framework for achieving a resilient, low-carbon global future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100674,"journal":{"name":"Innovation and Green Development","volume":"4 6","pages":"Article 100315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}