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Energy storage configuration model for reliability services of active distribution networks 有源配电网可靠性业务的储能配置模型
IF 5.1
iEnergy Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.23919/IEN.2025.0015
Yaqi Sun;Wenchuan Wu;Yue Zhou;Haotian Zhao;Shuwei Xu;Qi Wang
{"title":"Energy storage configuration model for reliability services of active distribution networks","authors":"Yaqi Sun;Wenchuan Wu;Yue Zhou;Haotian Zhao;Shuwei Xu;Qi Wang","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2025.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2025.0015","url":null,"abstract":"The volatility introduced by the integration of renewable energy poses challenges to the reliability of power supply, increasing the demand for energy storage in distribution networks. Shared energy storage in distribution networks can participate in energy storage allocation as a provider of reliability ancillary services. This paper proposes a novel Nash bargaining based energy storage coordinated allocation method to fully incentivize shared energy storage to participate in reliability services within the distribution network. First, an analytical reliability assessment model is constructed and embedded into the energy storage allocation model, where the impact of renewable energy uncertainty is described using chance constraints. Considering the interests of both the distribution network and shared energy storage operators, a Nash bargaining based energy storage coordinated allocation and benefit sharing mechanism is established, which is then transformed into a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model for efficient solution. Case studies show that the proposed method, through cooperation between the distribution system operator and shared energy storage operators, significantly reduces investment cost of energy storage and ensures a rational distribution of the benefits obtained.","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"4 3","pages":"149-156"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11151747","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fusion of deep learning and machine learning methods for hourly locational marginal price forecast in power systems 融合深度学习和机器学习方法的电力系统小时边际电价预测
IF 5.1
iEnergy Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.23919/IEN.2025.0019
Matin Farhoumandi;Sheida Bahramirad;Ahmed Alabdulwahab;Mohammad Shahidehpour;Farrokh Rahimi;Ali Ipakchi;Farrokh Albuyeh;Sasan Mokhtari
{"title":"Fusion of deep learning and machine learning methods for hourly locational marginal price forecast in power systems","authors":"Matin Farhoumandi;Sheida Bahramirad;Ahmed Alabdulwahab;Mohammad Shahidehpour;Farrokh Rahimi;Ali Ipakchi;Farrokh Albuyeh;Sasan Mokhtari","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2025.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2025.0019","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose STPLF, which stands for the short-term forecasting of locational marginal price components, including the forecasting of non-conforming hourly net loads. The volatility of transmission-level hourly locational marginal prices (LMPs) is caused by several factors, including weather data, hourly gas prices, historical hourly loads, and market prices. In addition, variations of non-conforming net loads, which are affected by behind-the-meter distributed energy resources (DERs) and retail customer loads, could have a major impact on the volatility of hourly LMPs, as bulk grid operators have limited visibility of such retail-level resources. We propose a fusion forecasting model for the STPLF, which uses machine learning and deep learning methods to forecast non-conforming loads and respective hourly prices. Additionally, data preprocessing and feature extraction are used to increase the accuracy of the STPLF. The proposed STPLF model also includes a post-processing stage for calculating the probability of hourly LMP spikes. We use a practical set of data to analyze the STPLF results and validate the proposed probabilistic method for calculating the LMP spikes.","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"4 3","pages":"193-204"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11151718","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Two-stage optimization of route, speed, and energy management for hybrid energy ship under sea conditions 海况下混合动力船舶航路、航速和能量管理两阶段优化
IF 5.1
iEnergy Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.23919/IEN.2025.0017
Xiaoyuan Luo;Jiaxuan Wang;Xinyu Wang;Xinping Guan
{"title":"Two-stage optimization of route, speed, and energy management for hybrid energy ship under sea conditions","authors":"Xiaoyuan Luo;Jiaxuan Wang;Xinyu Wang;Xinping Guan","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2025.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2025.0017","url":null,"abstract":"As future ship system, hybrid energy ship system has a wide range of application prospects for solving the serious energy crisis. However, current optimization scheduling works lack the consideration of sea conditions and navigational circumstances. Therefore, this paper aims at establishing a two-stage optimization framework for hybrid energy ship power system. The proposed framework considers multiple optimizations of route, speed planning, and energy management under the constraints of sea conditions during navigation. First, a complex hybrid ship power model consisting of diesel generation system, propulsion system, energy storage system, photovoltaic power generation system, and electric boiler system is established, where sea state information and ship resistance model are considered. With objective optimization functions of cost and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, a two-stage optimization framework consisting of route planning, speed scheduling, and energy management is constructed. Wherein the improved A-star algorithm and grey wolf optimization algorithm are introduced to obtain the optimal solutions for route, speed, and energy optimization scheduling. Finally, simulation cases are employed to verify that the proposed two-stage optimization scheduling model can reduce load energy consumption, operating costs, and carbon emissions by 17.8%, 17.39%, and 13.04%, respectively, compared with the non-optimal control group.","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"4 3","pages":"174-192"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11151748","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stability assessment of inverter-dominated power systems considering coupling between phase angle and voltage dynamics 考虑相角和电压动态耦合的逆变器主导电力系统稳定性评估
IF 5.1
iEnergy Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.23919/IEN.2025.0016
Cong Fu;Shuiping Zhang;Shun Li;Feng Liu
{"title":"Stability assessment of inverter-dominated power systems considering coupling between phase angle and voltage dynamics","authors":"Cong Fu;Shuiping Zhang;Shun Li;Feng Liu","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2025.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2025.0016","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) with inverter interfaces has fundamentally reshaped power system dynamics, challenging traditional stability analysis frameworks designed for synchronous generator-dominated grids. Conventional classifications, which decouple voltage, frequency, and rotor angle stability, fail to address the emerging strong voltage-angle coupling effects caused by RES dynamics. This coupling introduces complex oscillation modes and undermines system robustness, necessitating novel stability assessment tools. Recent studies focus on eigenvalue distributions and damping redistribution but lack quantitative criteria and interpretative clarity for coupled stability. This work proposes a transient energy-based framework to resolve these gaps. By decomposing transient energy into subsystem-dissipated components and coupling-induced energy exchange, the method establishes stability criteria compatible with a broad variety of inverter-interfaced devices while offering an intuitive energy-based interpretation for engineers. The coupling strength is also quantified by defining the relative coupling strength index, which is directly related to the transient energy interpretation of the coupled stability. Angle-voltage coupling may induce instability by injecting transient energy into the system, even if the individual phase angle and voltage dynamics themselves are stable. The main contributions include a systematic stability evaluation framework and an energy decomposition approach that bridges theoretical analysis with practical applicability, addressing the urgent need for tools for managing modern power system evolving stability challenges.","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"4 3","pages":"157-164"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11125854","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Generalized shipboard microgrid power flow incorporating hierarchical control 基于层次控制的广义船舶微电网潮流
IF 5.1
iEnergy Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.23919/IEN.2025.0018
Stephen Mossing;Oscar Amestegui;Michael Jonas;Fei Feng;Lizhi Wang;Qing Shen;Sina Zarrabian;Ziqian Liu;Peng Zhang
{"title":"Generalized shipboard microgrid power flow incorporating hierarchical control","authors":"Stephen Mossing;Oscar Amestegui;Michael Jonas;Fei Feng;Lizhi Wang;Qing Shen;Sina Zarrabian;Ziqian Liu;Peng Zhang","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2025.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2025.0018","url":null,"abstract":"Modern shipboard microgrids (SMGs) incorporating distributed energy resources (DERs) enhance energy resilience and reduce carbon emissions. However, the hierarchical control schemes of DERs bring challenges to the traditional power flow methods. This paper devises a generalized three-phase power flow approach for SMGs that integrate hierarchically controlled DERs. The main contributions include: (1) a droop-controlled three-phase Newton power flow algorithm that automatically incorporates the droop characteristics of DERs; (2) a secondary-controlled three-phase power flow method for power sharing and voltage regulation; and (3) modified Jacobian matrices to incorporate various hierarchical control modes. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the devised approach in both balanced and unbalanced three-phase hierarchically controlled SMG systems with arbitrary configurations.","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"4 3","pages":"165-173"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11125856","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Strength-constrained unit commitment in IBR dominant power systems IBR优势电力系统中强度约束的机组承诺
iEnergy Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.23919/IEN.2025.0011
Yong-Kyu Kim;Sang-Ho Lee;Gyu-Sub Lee
{"title":"Strength-constrained unit commitment in IBR dominant power systems","authors":"Yong-Kyu Kim;Sang-Ho Lee;Gyu-Sub Lee","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2025.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2025.0011","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a strength-constrained unit commitment (UC) model incorporating system strength constraints based on the weighted short-circuit ratio (WSCR) is proposed. This model facilitates the comprehensive assessment of area-wide system strength in power systems with high inverter-based resource (IBR) penetration, thereby contributing to the mitigation of weak grid issues. Unlike traditional models, this approach considers the interactions among multiple IBRs. The UC problem is initially formulated as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model, reflecting WSCR and bus impedance matrix modification constraints. To enhance computational tractability, the model is transformed into a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) form. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated through simulations on the IEEE 5-bus, IEEE 39-bus, and a modified Korean power system, demonstrating the ability of the proposed UC model enhancing system strength compared to the conventional methodologies.","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"4 2","pages":"121-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11045319","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhancing operational planning of active distribution networks considering effective topology selection and thermal energy storage 考虑有效拓扑选择和热储能的有功配电网运行规划
iEnergy Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.23919/IEN.2025.0013
Vineeth Vijayan;Ali Arzani;Satish M. Mahajan
{"title":"Enhancing operational planning of active distribution networks considering effective topology selection and thermal energy storage","authors":"Vineeth Vijayan;Ali Arzani;Satish M. Mahajan","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2025.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2025.0013","url":null,"abstract":"Grid-scale energy storage systems provide effective solutions to address challenges such as supply-load imbalances and voltage violations resulting from the non-coinciding nature of renewable energy generation and peak demand incidents. While battery and hydrogen storage are commonly used for peak shaving, ice-based thermal energy storage systems (TESSs) offer a direct way to reduce cooling loads without electrical conversion. This paper presents a multi-objective planning framework that optimizes TESS dispatch, network topology, and photovoltaic (PV) inverter reactive power support to address operational issues in active distribution networks. The objectives of the proposed scheme include minimizing peak demand, voltage deviations, and PV inverter VAr dependency. The mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem is solved using a Pareto-based multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) method. The MATLAB-OpenDSS simulations for a modified IEEE-123 bus system show a 7.1% reduction in peak demand, a 13% reduction in voltage deviation, and a 52% drop in PV inverter VAr usage. The obtained solutions confirm minimal operational stress on control devices such as switches and PV inverters. Thus, unlike earlier studies, this work combines all three strategies to offer an effective solution for the operational planning of the active distribution network.","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"4 2","pages":"98-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11045320","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Three key policy areas in urgent need of improvement for advancing China's energy transition 推进中国能源转型亟待完善的三个关键政策领域
iEnergy Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.23919/IEN.2025.0014
Peng Li;Jing Zhang
{"title":"Three key policy areas in urgent need of improvement for advancing China's energy transition","authors":"Peng Li;Jing Zhang","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2025.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2025.0014","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past two decades, the industry policy framework centered on the Renewable Energy Law has effectively facilitated the leapfrog development of China's new energy sector. During this period, policy incentives were primarily focused on promoting the rational scaling of the industry, thereby driving rapid technological upgrades and iterations. This, in turn, enabled a significant reduction in the cost of new energy power generation. In this process, policy played a pivotal role in two key areas: first, by providing per-kilowatt-hour subsidies to bridge the cost gap between new energy and conventional power sources; and second, by exempting the system cost of new energy grid-connected operation through a full guaranteed purchase system.","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"4 2","pages":"77-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11045317","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How many grid-forming converters are needed? — A techno-economic perspective 需要多少台并网变流器?-技术经济视角
iEnergy Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.23919/IEN.2025.0012
Guoxuan Cui;Hongyang Jia;Ning Zhang;Fei Teng
{"title":"How many grid-forming converters are needed? — A techno-economic perspective","authors":"Guoxuan Cui;Hongyang Jia;Ning Zhang;Fei Teng","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2025.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2025.0012","url":null,"abstract":"Renewable generation is rapidly increasing and transforming power systems toward “new-type power systems”. The integration of renewable energy resources necessitates a shift from conventional grid-following converters (GFLs) to advanced grid-forming controls. Although grid-forming converters (GFMs) provide grid support and enhance system stability under weak grid conditions, their deployment requires more robust hardware, complex control algorithms and system operation constraints, resulting in planning and operational trade-offs between system stability and cost efficiency. This paper studies the underexplored question of how many GFMs are needed from a techno-economic perspective. The holistic analysis integrates long-term planning, short-term operational strategies and dynamic stability considerations, thereby supporting large-scale renewable integration while ensuring system security and economic benefits.","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"4 2","pages":"79-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11045318","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Quantum-accelerated active distribution network planning based on coherent photonic quantum computers 基于相干光子量子计算机的量子加速有源配电网规划
iEnergy Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.23919/IEN.2025.0009
Yu Xin;Haipeng Xie;Wei Fu
{"title":"Quantum-accelerated active distribution network planning based on coherent photonic quantum computers","authors":"Yu Xin;Haipeng Xie;Wei Fu","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2025.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2025.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Active distribution network (ADN) planning is crucial for achieving a cost-effective transition to modern power systems, yet it poses significant challenges as the system scale increases. The advent of quantum computing offers a transformative approach to solve ADN planning. To fully leverage the potential of quantum computing, this paper proposes a photonic quantum acceleration algorithm. First, a quantum-accelerated framework for ADN planning is proposed on the basis of coherent photonic quantum computers. The ADN planning model is then formulated and decomposed into discrete master problems and continuous subproblems to facilitate the quantum optimization process. The photonic quantum-embedded adaptive alternating direction method of multipliers (PQA-ADMM) algorithm is subsequently proposed to equivalently map the discrete master problem onto a quantum-interpretable model, enabling its deployment on a photonic quantum computer. Finally, a comparative analysis with various solvers, including Gurobi, demonstrates that the proposed PQA-ADMM algorithm achieves significant speedup on the modified IEEE 33-node and IEEE 123-node systems, highlighting its effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"4 2","pages":"107-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11036584","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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