{"title":"ALS+PDR: Indoor Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Using a Smartphone Ambient Light Sensor","authors":"Sosuke Otsuka;Yusei Onishi;Mananari Nakamura;Hiromichi Hashizume;Masanori Sugimoto","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3541991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3541991","url":null,"abstract":"This article proposes an indoor position-estimation method that integrates visible light positioning (VLP) with pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR), using a smartphone's built-in ambient light sensor (ALS) offering lower power consumption than a camera and inertial sensor. In the proposed method, the user's position is first estimated via PDR and the positioning results for areas where VLP using ALS (ALS-VLP) is available are corrected by using pose graphs that resolve simultaneous localization and mapping. Experiments were conducted with eight users walking a route measuring 141.67 m for five laps. The results indicated an average error of 11.30 m when only PDR was used, with a substantial reduction to 2.03 m when the proposed method was used. Limitations and challenges related to practical use scenarios of the proposed method clarified through the experiments are discussed.","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"3 ","pages":"43-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10887088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Adding Time Correlation to SVM-Based Motion Classification in Pedestrian Navigation","authors":"Eudald Sangenis;Chi-Shih Jao;Andrei M. Shkel","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3536396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3536396","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we propose an approach to enhance zero-velocity-update (ZUPT)-aided inertial navigation systems (INSs) with a time series support vector machine (SVM) forecaster algorithm. The approach is based on the inclusion in ZUPT algorithm the time correlation of velocity threshold values based on classification of 19 distinct pedestrian activities determined from a foot-mounted inertial measurement unit. The classification enhances the traditional ZUPT-aided INS by first optimizing the threshold in the detector called stance hypothesis optimal detection and second adjusting zero-velocity measurement variances for each categorized locomotion type. Experimental validation involved three subjects, each conducting 10 trials of indoor navigation, encompassing activities, such as walking, fast walking, jogging, running, sprinting, walking backward, jogging backward, and sidestepping, over a nearly 100 [m] path. The trained time series SVM classifier achieved a 90.04% average classification accuracy, resulting in an improvement in navigation accuracy by a factor of 250 as compared to a standalone INS and by a factor of 3 as compared to a traditional ZUPT-aided INS solution. Comparable improvements in the vertical drift of the navigation solution have been also demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"3 ","pages":"32-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10858374","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"RSSI-Based Passive Localization in the Wild, At Streetscape Scales","authors":"Fanchen Bao;Stepan Mazokha;Jason O. Hallstrom","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3534200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3534200","url":null,"abstract":"Pedestrian mobility data is valuable to data-driven decision-making for city planning, emergency response, and more. Thanks to the ubiquity of Wi–Fi-enabled devices, pedestrians may be colocalized with their devices using Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) measurements from Wi–Fi probe requests, passively and privately. While shown to be feasible in controlled outdoor environments, few have used this method outdoors in production environments. In this article, we continue the work on the Mobility Intelligence System (MobIntel) and apply RSSI-based passive localization on data collected from the 500 and 400 blocks of Clematis Street in West Palm Beach, FL. We present an open-source dataset used in our study, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first public Wi–Fi RSSI dataset for localization purposes in an outdoor environment. We then introduce a three-stage localization model that first classifies a test sample to a city block, followed by a sidewalk within the city block, and ends with an estimation of x-coordinate within the sidewalk. While we formulate the problem and validate our solution within an outdoor context, the work is equally applicable to large indoor environments. It achieves a mean localization error of 3.16 and 4.21 m, with 73% and 66% chance of reaching an error <inline-formula><tex-math>$le$</tex-math></inline-formula>4 m, and 17% and 21% of the data discarded due to poor quality in the 500 and 400 block, respectively. We also highlight the challenges when dealing with real-world RSSI data, analyze the model's tolerance to missing data, and propose solutions to improve localization performance.","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"3 ","pages":"13-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10854656","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"2024 Index IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation Vol. 2","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3526540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3526540","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"2 ","pages":"343-353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10832483","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142938155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation Publication Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2023.3348000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2023.3348000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"2 ","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10817733","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142905877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advancing Resilient and Trustworthy Seamless Positioning and Navigation: Highlights From the Second Volume of J-ISPIN","authors":"Valérie Renaudin;Francesco Potortì","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2024.3515573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2024.3515573","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"2 ","pages":"iii-iii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10817817","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142905705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simultaneous Localization and Mapping for Indoor Mobile Robots Using Synthetic Aperture Radar Images","authors":"Yuma Elia Ritterbusch;Johannes Fink;Christian Waldschmidt","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2024.3524487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2024.3524487","url":null,"abstract":"Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging provides a method for increasing the resolution of small and low-cost frequency-modulated continuous-wave multiple-input multiple-output radar sensors. SAR images provide a dense representation of the environment, which may be used for scan matching in a simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) system. This article presents the details of an indoor SLAM system that utilizes SAR images for loop closure detection and scan matching. The obtained trajectory accuracy is compared against a laboratory reference system, and SAR imaging results are presented.","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"3 ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10818650","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afsaneh Saeidanezhad;Wasim Ahmad;Muhammad A. Imran;Olaoluwa R. Popoola
{"title":"Enhancing Indoor Localization Accuracy in Dense IoT-Integrated 5GNR Networks: Introducing SGNCL for Sensor-Guided NLoS Correction Localization","authors":"Afsaneh Saeidanezhad;Wasim Ahmad;Muhammad A. Imran;Olaoluwa R. Popoola","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2024.3509803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2024.3509803","url":null,"abstract":"In the rapidly advancing field of wireless localization, achieving accurate indoor tracking is crucial for the next generation of smart factories, automated workflows, and efficient supply chains. The integration of 5G networks within industrial environments offers high connectivity, yet challenges remain in obtaining the fine-grained positioning required for localization applications. This article presents the development and simulation-based evaluation of the sensor-guided non-line-of-sight (NLoS) corrective localization (SGNCL) algorithm within the 5G New Radio network framework. The proposed algorithm utilizes data integration techniques to effectively mitigate NLoS errors, which are prevalent in complex indoor environments with high delay spreads. We describe the algorithm's design, operational principles, and the comprehensive simulation setup used to assess its performance. In comparison to the minimum variance anchor set, which exhibited a mean error of 2.5 m, the SGNCL algorithm achieved a significant improvement, reducing the mean error to 0.86 m. The results also highlight the algorithm's ability to handle varying delay spreads and sensor densities, ensuring robust localization performance across different scenarios. These findings demonstrate the potential of the SGNCL algorithm to enhance 5G-enabled indoor localization services by addressing NLoS challenges through simulation-based insights.","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"2 ","pages":"333-342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10804581","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Unscented Kalman Filter With Reduced Computation Time for Estimating the Attitude of the Attitude and Heading Reference System","authors":"Shunsei Yamagishi;Lei Jing","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2024.3509801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2024.3509801","url":null,"abstract":"The algorithms of the Kalman filters have been used in many papers on the Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) and attitude estimation for the attitude and heading reference system (AHRS). In this article, one type of the nonlinear Kalman filters, the Unscented Kalman filter (UKF) was researched to reduce computational cost, while maintaining accuracy. One of the issues of the attitude estimation algorithms is that computational cost is large, because of many matrix computations. The computational cost should be reduced for the application of the navigation system for general consumers toward developing low-priced navigation system. In this article, the novel UKF, named “Kaisoku Unscented Kalman Filter (KUKF)” is proposed. It was verified that the proposed KUKF reduced the computational cost about 13.426% comparing with the existing UKF, while almost maintaining accuracy.","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"2 ","pages":"320-332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10778562","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Isochrons in Injection Locked Photonic Oscillators: A New Frontier for High-Precision Localization","authors":"Alireza Famili;Georgia Himona;Yannis Kominis;Angelos Stavrou;Vassilios Kovanis","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2024.3504396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2024.3504396","url":null,"abstract":"For decades, high-accuracy localization has driven the interest of the research community. Recent cases include augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR), indoor robotics, and drone applications, which have led to the emergence of subcentimeter localization requirements. This study introduces a new approach for high-accuracy localization by utilizing \u0000<italic>isochrons</i>\u0000 in injection-locked tunable photonic oscillators, which we referred to as \u0000<bold>Iso</b>\u0000<italic>chrons in Photonic Oscillators for</i>\u0000 \u0000<bold>Pos</b>\u0000<italic>itioning</i>\u0000 (IsoPos). The proposed paradigm shift takes advantage of photonic oscillators' radical frequency tunability and isochron structure to offer an innovative path for measuring the time of arrival (ToA). To achieve precise ToA measurements, IsoPos utilizes the phase shift induced by the incoming user signal. This shift is detected by analyzing the \u0000<italic>phase response</i>\u0000 of the receiver, i.e., a photonic oscillator, which is exclusively determined by its isochrons' structure. Furthermore, IsoPos uses the injection-locking method as well as the nonlinear properties of injection-locked photonic oscillators to achieve highly accurate phase synchronization between different positioning nodes. This contributes to a seamless 3-D localization devoid of errors caused by miss-synchronization. Our numerical simulations show that IsoPos achieves sub-1 mm accuracy in 3-D localization, surpassing the precision of existing positioning systems by at least one order of magnitude.","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"2 ","pages":"304-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10763456","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}