IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation最新文献

Enhancing Spreading Code Authentication in GNSS: A Statistical Multisignal Approach 增强GNSS扩频码认证：一种统计多信号方法

IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3564896

Francesco Ardizzon;Laura Crosara;Stefano Tomasin;Nicola Laurenti

{"title":"Enhancing Spreading Code Authentication in GNSS: A Statistical Multisignal Approach","authors":"Francesco Ardizzon;Laura Crosara;Stefano Tomasin;Nicola Laurenti","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3564896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3564896","url":null,"abstract":"The threat of signal spoofing against global navigation satellite system has grown in recent years and has motivated the study of antispoofing techniques. This article addresses the challenge of verifying the authenticity of signals protected by spreading code authentication. Conventional methods rely on either the correlation or cross-energy checks between the received signal and a local replica of the transmitted signal generated by the verifier using the authentic code. However, these methods are vulnerable to specific attacks. In particular, we show how to forge an effective spoofing signal just by using publicly available information. As a countermeasure, we propose a two-step authentication protocol leveraging the statistical independence of legitimate signals. First, we define a <italic>reliability metric</i> based on the generalized likelihood ratio for each signal, with higher values indicating greater signal reliability. In the second step, we select the most reliable signals to compute the position, velocity, and time (PVT) and perform a multisignal authentication check, combining the reliability metrics to validate the authenticity of the final PVT solution. Its robustness is proved by testing it against a wide class of attacks. Among others, these include the optimal attack against the cross-energy check and the attack that will be proven to be statistically optimal against the proposed check itself. Finally, we also test the performance of the scheme in a scenario where only a subset of the signals has been spoofed.","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"3 ","pages":"128-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10979356","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toward Feature-Based Low-Latency Localization With Rotating LiDARs 基于特征的旋转激光雷达低延迟定位

IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3562512

Lukas Beer;Thorsten Luettel;Mirko Maehlisch

{"title":"Toward Feature-Based Low-Latency Localization With Rotating LiDARs","authors":"Lukas Beer;Thorsten Luettel;Mirko Maehlisch","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3562512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3562512","url":null,"abstract":"An accurate global position is often considered to be one of the main requirements for autonomous driving. Even though GNSS provides a solution, it is dependent on the environment and not accurate enough. In this article, we present a fully GNSS-free localization, which uses maps and LiDAR to estimate the position of the vehicle. We tackle two major drawbacks of LiDAR-based localization: the limitation to the mapped area and a generally high latency. We use two different maps: a high-precision geometric HD map and a more general semantic occupancy grid map, resulting from OpenStreetMap. This allows us to provide a high-precision localization within the mapped area and a rough position estimate outside the mapped area. The coupling ensures seamless transitions when leaving or entering the HD map area, without losing the position and without the need for GNSS or loop closures. The latency is minimized by employing a continuous feature extraction. Instead of waiting for the full 360<inline-formula><tex-math>$^circ$</tex-math></inline-formula> rotation of the LiDAR, we extract semantic features during the rotation by combining a continuous instance and semantic segmentation. This reduces the latency to a minimum. We evaluate our approach in real-world experiments and show that it can localize the vehicle with a mean absolute error of 0.12 m using a full rotation of the LiDAR sensor, and 0.17 m with the continuous processing pipeline.","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"3 ","pages":"105-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10970261","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143908352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metric-Based Few-Shot Learning With Triplet Selection for Adaptive GNSS Interference Classification 基于度量的基于三元组选择的少镜头学习自适应GNSS干扰分类

IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3562140

Felix Ott;Lucas Heublein;Tobias Feigl;Alexander Rügamer;Christopher Mutschler

{"title":"Metric-Based Few-Shot Learning With Triplet Selection for Adaptive GNSS Interference Classification","authors":"Felix Ott;Lucas Heublein;Tobias Feigl;Alexander Rügamer;Christopher Mutschler","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3562140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3562140","url":null,"abstract":"Jamming devices pose a significant threat as they disrupt signals from the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and thus compromise the accuracy and robustness of positioning systems. The detection of anomalies in frequency snapshots is essential to effectively counteract these interferences. Furthermore, the ability to adapt to diverse and previously unseen interference characteristics is critical to ensuring the reliability of GNSS in real-world applications. In this article, we propose a few-shot learning (FSL) approach to adapt to new classes of interference. We employ pairwise learning techniques, including triplet and quadruplet loss functions, during the training process to enhance the latent representation. In addition, we conducted a benchmark evaluation of state-of-the-art triplet learning methodologies utilizing GNSS datasets. Our method incorporates quadruplet selection, allowing the model to learn representations from various classes of positive and negative interference. Moreover, our quadruplet variant selects pairs based on aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty, facilitating differentiation between similar classes. We evaluated all methods using a publicly available indoor GNSS dataset collected in controlled environments characterized by various multipath effects, and using a dataset obtained from a highway bridge spanning a real-world German highway. Furthermore, we record and publish a second dataset from a highway featuring eight interference classes, in which our FSL method utilizing quadruplet loss demonstrates superior performance in jammer classification accuracy, achieving a rate of 97.66%.","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"3 ","pages":"81-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10969504","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143908429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Positioning and Tracking in DECT-2020 NR With Proactive Anchor Selection for Range, Angle, and RSS Measurements 在DECT-2020 NR中进行定位和跟踪，主动选择锚点进行范围、角度和RSS测量

IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3559907

Antti Saikko;Jukka Talvitie;Joonas Säe;Juho Pirskanen;Mikko Valkama

{"title":"Positioning and Tracking in DECT-2020 NR With Proactive Anchor Selection for Range, Angle, and RSS Measurements","authors":"Antti Saikko;Jukka Talvitie;Joonas Säe;Juho Pirskanen;Mikko Valkama","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3559907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3559907","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses efficient positioning and user device tracking in Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks with particular focus on the new DECT-2020 New Radio standard—the first noncellular 5G technology standard in the world. Stemming from fundamental performance requirements of IoT networks, for example, related to energy consumption, latency, and reliability, it is important to utilize available radio resources efficiently, while avoiding redundant transmissions and signaling. In this article, we extend our earlier proposed tracking-based positioning solution, which utilized Fisher information to select the most beneficial range and angle measurements, to cover also received signal strength (RSS)-based measurements and particle filter-based solutions. By exploiting prior information inherited from tracking-based positioning solutions, it is possible to proactively select the most valuable positioning measurements, and thus save valuable effort and time in acquiring and processing positioning measurements without sacrificing the positioning performance in practice. Through extensive numerical evaluations, considering range, angle, and RSS measurements, we show that the proposed anchor selection method is able to outperform the traditional signal-to-noise ratio-based measurement selection approach, while enabling positioning with a smaller number of measurements. In addition, we illustrate the effect of prior information quality on the proposed method performance by varying the measurement interval in the tracking process. The numerical results show that when only two anchors are utilized, approximately up to 10%–50% reduction in positioning root-mean-square error can be achieved depending on the considered measurement type.","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"3 ","pages":"70-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10963685","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving OSNMAlib: New Formats, Features, and Monitoring Capabilities 改进OSNMAlib：新的格式、特性和监控功能

IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3558771

Aleix Galan-Figueras;Cristian Iñiguez;Ignacio Fernandez-Hernandez;Sofie Pollin;Gonzalo Seco-Granados

{"title":"Improving OSNMAlib: New Formats, Features, and Monitoring Capabilities","authors":"Aleix Galan-Figueras;Cristian Iñiguez;Ignacio Fernandez-Hernandez;Sofie Pollin;Gonzalo Seco-Granados","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3558771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3558771","url":null,"abstract":"Galileo will declare Open Service Navigation Message Authentication (OSNMA), a civil Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal authentication scheme, operational in the near future. OSNMAlib, an open-source library that implements OSNMA, was presented two years ago after the test phase of the protocol started and has since undergone several upgrades. In this article, we disclose these upgrades, which comprise new input sources, new features and optimizations, and the creation of an OSNMA real-time monitoring website. For each input source, we describe how can they be integrated within an OSNMA library and what pitfalls to avoid. The new features include optimizations for data retrieval such as the use of dual frequency and Reed-Solomon encoding, which are evaluated in urban and open sky scenarios using real recorded data. The new JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) logging format aimed at researchers is used in <italic>osnmalib.eu</i> website to display, in a friendly and understandable way, the live Galileo and OSNMA messages and the OSNMAlib authentication output. In addition, the website also provides the I/NAV data bits to help snapshot receivers and other GNSS-based applications.","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"3 ","pages":"117-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10955685","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Range-Free Positioning in NB-IoT Networks by Machine Learning: Beyond W$k$NN 基于机器学习的NB-IoT网络无距离定位：超越W$k$NN

IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3558465

Luca De Nardis;Marco Savelli;Giuseppe Caso;Federico Ferretti;Lorenzo Tonelli;Nadir Bouzar;Anna Brunstrom;Özgü Alay;Marco Neri;Fouzia Elbahhar Bokour;Maria-Gabriella Di Benedetto

{"title":"Range-Free Positioning in NB-IoT Networks by Machine Learning: Beyond W$k$NN","authors":"Luca De Nardis;Marco Savelli;Giuseppe Caso;Federico Ferretti;Lorenzo Tonelli;Nadir Bouzar;Anna Brunstrom;Özgü Alay;Marco Neri;Fouzia Elbahhar Bokour;Maria-Gabriella Di Benedetto","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3558465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3558465","url":null,"abstract":"Existing proposals for positioning in narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) networks based on range estimation are characterized by either low accuracy or lack of compliance with 3GPP standards. While range-free approaches taking advantage of machine learning (ML) have been recently proposed as a potential way forward, their evaluation has been carried out only in simulated environments, with the exception of weighted <inline-formula><tex-math>$k$</tex-math></inline-formula> nearest neighbors (W<inline-formula><tex-math>$k$</tex-math></inline-formula>NN), recently tested on experimental data. This work investigates five ML strategies for range-free positioning in NB-IoT networks, based on W<inline-formula><tex-math>$k$</tex-math></inline-formula>NN and its combination with preprocessing and classification algorithms as well as on artificial neural networks (ANNs). The strategies are evaluated on experimental data and are compared based on a set of key performance indicators measuring both positioning performance and processing load. Two different datasets taken at different times and locations were adopted, enabling the validation of strategies optimized on one testbed on the other, as well as the study of the impact of dataset features on performance. Results show that range-free positioning using ML is a viable solution in commercial NB-IoT networks, and that W<inline-formula><tex-math>$k$</tex-math></inline-formula>NN and ANNs are at the two extremes in terms of a performance/complexity tradeoff; intermediate tradeoffs can be achieved by combining W<inline-formula><tex-math>$k$</tex-math></inline-formula>NN with preprocessing techniques and classification models.","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"3 ","pages":"53-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10950079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuromorphic Digital-Twin-Based Controller for Indoor Multi-UAV Systems Deployment 基于神经形态数字双控制器的室内多无人机系统部署

IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3567374

Reza Ahmadvand;Sarah Safura Sharif;Yaser Mike Banad

{"title":"Neuromorphic Digital-Twin-Based Controller for Indoor Multi-UAV Systems Deployment","authors":"Reza Ahmadvand;Sarah Safura Sharif;Yaser Mike Banad","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3567374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3567374","url":null,"abstract":"This study introduces a novel distributed cloud-edge framework for autonomous multi-unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems that combines the computational efficiency of neuromorphic computing with nature-inspired control strategies. The proposed architecture equips each UAV with an individual spiking neural network (SNN) that learns to reproduce optimal control signals generated by a cloud-based controller, enabling robust operation even during communication interruptions. By integrating spike coding with nature-inspired control principles inspired by tilapia fish territorial behavior, our system achieves sophisticated formation control and obstacle avoidance in complex urban environments. The distributed architecture leverages cloud computing for complex calculations while maintaining local autonomy through edge-based SNNs, significantly reducing energy consumption and computational overhead compared to traditional centralized approaches. Our framework addresses critical limitations of conventional methods, including the dependence on premodeled environments, computational intensity of traditional methods, and local minima issues in potential field approaches. Simulation results demonstrate the system's effectiveness across two different scenarios: first, the indoor deployment of a multi-UAV system made up of 15 UAVs, and second, the collision-free formation control of a moving UAV flock, including six UAVs considering the obstacle avoidance. Due to the sparsity of spiking patterns, and the event-based nature of SNNs on average for the whole group of UAVs, the framework achieves almost 90% reduction in computational burden compared to traditional von Neumann architectures implementing traditional artificial neural networks.","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"3 ","pages":"165-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10989580","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

OUL-HMT: Optimized AAV Localization Using Hybrid Metaheuristic Techniques 使用混合元启发式技术优化AAV定位

IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3567375

Awadhesh Dixit;Meka Naga Nandini Devi;Firoj Gazi;Md Muzakkir Hussain

{"title":"OUL-HMT: Optimized AAV Localization Using Hybrid Metaheuristic Techniques","authors":"Awadhesh Dixit;Meka Naga Nandini Devi;Firoj Gazi;Md Muzakkir Hussain","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3567375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3567375","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving an exact localization is a complex and essential issue for autonomous aerial vehicles (AAVs) due to their three-directional high-speed mobility. Identifying the accurate flying position of AAVs for resource management and task reallocation is still challenging. In these scenarios, the position of the AAVs must be identifiable in a timely and precise manner. A bioinspired metaheuristic hybrid model was proposed to overcome the shortcomings of inaccurate altitude and improve the AAVs' flying positional coordinates. The proposed model incorporates the particle swarm optimization (PSO) with a fuzzy logic technique. PSO is used to find the optimal or near-optimal positions for the AAVs by minimizing localization error across a wide search space. Once the PSO has determined a feasible solution, fuzzy logic is applied for fine tuning the position based on real-time environmental factors (e.g., signal strength, sensor data, or global positioning system errors). This combination achieved both global efficiency (via PSO) and local precision (via fuzzy logic), ensuring robust localization even in noisy or dynamic conditions during AAVs flight operations. The model, compared to the state-of-the-art model, shows more accuracy in AAV localization with real-time operational data.","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"3 ","pages":"142-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10989237","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Position and Orientation Estimation Uncertainty Using Magnetometer Arrays for Indoor Localization 利用磁力计阵列进行室内定位的位置和方向估计的不确定性

IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3567258

Thomas Edridge;Manon Kok

{"title":"Position and Orientation Estimation Uncertainty Using Magnetometer Arrays for Indoor Localization","authors":"Thomas Edridge;Manon Kok","doi":"10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3567258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3567258","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, it has been shown that odometry is possible only using data from a magnetometer array. In this work, we analyze the uncertainty of the pose change estimate using a magnetometer array. We derive an analytical expression for the pose change covariance to analyze the estimation uncertainty in Monte Carlo simulations. Under certain conditions, we demonstrate that using a magnetometer array, it is possible to estimate the position and orientation change with submillimeter and subdegree precision between two consecutive time-steps. Moreover, we also demonstrate that when constructing a magnetometer array, magnetometers should be placed in the direction of movement to maximize the positional and rotational precision, with at least four magnetometers per unit of length-scale. In addition, we illustrate that to minimize positional and rotational drift to under a few percentages and degrees of the distance traveled, submillimeter and subdegree magnetometer alignment errors are necessary. Similarly, bias errors smaller than a few percent of the magnitude of the magnetic field variations are necessary. The Monte Carlo simulations are verified using experimental data collected with a 30-magnetometer array. The experimental data show that when insufficient magnetic field anomalies are in close proximity, the changes in positions are estimated poorly, while significant orientation information is still obtained. It also shows that when the magnetometer array is in close proximity to sufficient magnetic field anomalies, the overall trajectory traveled by a magnetometer array can be accurately estimated with a horizontal error accumulation of less than a percentage of the distance traveled.","PeriodicalId":100621,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation","volume":"3 ","pages":"152-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10989651","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ALS+PDR: Indoor Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Using a Smartphone Ambient Light Sensor ALS+PDR：使用智能手机环境光传感器的室内行人航位推算

IEEE Journal of Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1109/JISPIN.2025.3541991

Sosuke Otsuka;Yusei Onishi;Mananari Nakamura;Hiromichi Hashizume;Masanori Sugimoto

引用次数: 0