High-speed Railway最新文献

{"title":"Railway-CLIP: A multimodal model for abnormal object detection in high-speed railway","authors":"Jiayu Zhang ,&nbsp;Qingji Guan ,&nbsp;Junbo Liu ,&nbsp;Yaping Huang ,&nbsp;Jianyong Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.hspr.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hspr.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Automated detection of suspended anomalous objects on high-speed railway catenary systems using computer vision-based technology is a critical task for ensuring railway transportation safety. Despite the critical importance of this task, conventional vision-based foreign object detection methodologies have predominantly concentrated on image data, neglecting the exploration and integration of textual information. The currently popular multimodal model Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) employs contrastive learning to enable simultaneous understanding of both visual and textual modalities. Drawing inspiration from CLIP’s capabilities, this paper introduces a novel CLIP-based multimodal foreign object detection model tailored for railway applications, referred to as Railway-CLIP. This model leverages CLIP’s robust generalization capabilities to enhance performance in the context of catenary foreign object detection. The Railway-CLIP model is primarily composed of an image encoder and a text encoder. Initially, the Segment Anything Model (SAM) is employed to preprocess raw images, identifying candidate bounding boxes that may contain foreign objects. Both the original images and the detected candidate bounding boxes are subsequently fed into the image encoder to extract their respective visual features. In parallel, distinct prompt templates are crafted for both the original images and the candidate bounding boxes to serve as textual inputs. These prompts are then processed by the text encoder to derive textual features. The image and text encoders collaboratively project the multimodal features into a shared semantic space, facilitating the computation of similarity scores between visual and textual representations. The final detection results are determined based on these similarity scores, ensuring a robust and accurate identification of anomalous objects. Extensive experiments on our collected Railway Anomaly Dataset (RAD) demonstrate that the proposed Railway-CLIP outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods, achieving 97.25 % AUROC and 92.66 % <em>F</em>₁-score, thereby validating the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach in real-world high-speed railway anomaly detection scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100607,"journal":{"name":"High-speed Railway","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 194-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Image encoding-based bearing fault diagnosis: Review and challenges for high-speed trains","authors":"Huimin Li ,&nbsp;Lingfeng Li ,&nbsp;Bin Liu ,&nbsp;Ge Xin","doi":"10.1016/j.hspr.2025.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hspr.2025.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-Speed Trains (HSTs) have emerged as a mainstream mode of transportation in China, owing to their exceptional safety and efficiency. Ensuring the reliable operation of HSTs is of paramount economic and societal importance. As critical rotating mechanical components of the transmission system, bearings make their fault diagnosis a topic of extensive attention. This paper provides a systematic review of image encoding-based bearing fault diagnosis methods tailored to the condition monitoring of HSTs. First, it categorizes the image encoding techniques applied in the field of bearing fault diagnosis. Then, a review of state-of-the-art studies has been presented, encompassing both monomodal image conversion and multimodal image fusion approaches. Finally, it highlights current challenges and proposes future research directions to advance intelligent fault diagnosis in HSTs, aiming to provide a valuable reference for researchers and engineers in the field of intelligent operation and maintenance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100607,"journal":{"name":"High-speed Railway","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 251-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and performance analysis of GNSS-based train positioning system with colored petri nets","authors":"Shuting Chen ,&nbsp;Daohua Wu ,&nbsp;Jiang Liu ,&nbsp;Siqi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.hspr.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hspr.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-based continuous and accurate train positioning is one of the key technologies for advanced train operations such as train virtual coupling. However, GNSS-based train positioning faces significant challenges in real-world scenarios due to environmental complexities and signal interferences. Considering this issue, this paper presents an approach for modeling and performance analysis of GNSS-based train positioning systems using Colored Petri Nets (CPNs). By systematically modeling the GNSS signal reception and processing process, the performance of the positioning system under various environment scenarios is evaluated. The system model integrates three types of interference signals (i.e., Amplitude Modulation (AM) signals, Frequency Modulation (FM) signals, and pulse signals) while incorporating environmental factors such as terrain obstructions and tunnel shielding. Additionally, the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithm is employed to process GNSS observation data, providing accurate train position estimations. The simulation results demonstrate that signal interferences and complex environmental conditions significantly affect the GNSS-based positioning accuracy. This study offers a comprehensive framework for evaluating the performance of GNSS-based train positioning systems in different scenarios, highlighting critical factors that influence positioning accuracy and stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100607,"journal":{"name":"High-speed Railway","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 175-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INS-aided GNSS jamming protection in support of resilient train positioning","authors":"Zhuojian Cao ,&nbsp;Jiang Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Jiang ,&nbsp;Baigen Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.hspr.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hspr.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Railway safety and efficiency increasingly rely on precise train positioning. The integration of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) into railway control systems aims to reduce dependence on track-side infrastructure. While GNSS has significantly improved train localization, challenges such as the susceptibility to jamming remain. To address this, this paper introduces an Inertial Navigation System (INS)-aided train positioning system based on deep integration, exploring its performance through semi-physical experiments and simulations. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed solution is able to reduce the positioning error by 63.47 %, and the velocity error by 58.47 % under jamming conditions. The study highlights the potential of deep integration for improving the resilience of GNSS-based train control systems, especially in the face of Radio Frequency (RF) jamming threats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100607,"journal":{"name":"High-speed Railway","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 185-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of vehicle-bridge interaction on nonlinear seismic performance of bridge under strong earthquakes","authors":"Ke Chen ,&nbsp;Zhibin Jin ,&nbsp;Haoyuan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.hspr.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hspr.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Railway bridges are continuously loaded by railway trains; therefore, it is important to understand the nonlinear seismic response of the Vehicle-Bridge Interaction (VBI) system under strong earthquakes. For this purpose, the nonlinear behavior of the pier was introduced into the in-house VBI solvers. The nonlinear the seismic response of the VBI system was comprehensively evaluated using this model, and the effect of the vehicle dynamics on seismic performance of the bridge was identified. It was found that the seismic responses of most simply-supported bridges were reduced in the presence of railway trains due to the out-of-phase motion of the vehicle-bridge system. Meanwhile, the nonlinear behavior of the pier can reduce the vehicle’s seismic responses. Therefore, ignoring the nonlinear behavior of the pier during strong earthquakes can significantly overestimate the seismic response of the vehicle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100607,"journal":{"name":"High-speed Railway","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 215-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adapting railway sector to repel cyber threats: A critical analysis","authors":"Wahiba Erriadi ,&nbsp;Suresh Renukappa ,&nbsp;Subashini Suresh ,&nbsp;Panagiotis Georgakis ,&nbsp;Adel Almohammad ,&nbsp;Luke Seabright","doi":"10.1016/j.hspr.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hspr.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the unique challenges facing the railway industry, cybersecurity is a crucial issue that must be addressed proactively. This paper aims to provide a systematic review of cybersecurity threats that could impact the safety and operations of rolling stock, the privacy and security of passengers and employees, and the public in general. The systematic literature review revealed that cyber threats to the railway industry can take many forms, including attacks on operational technology systems, data breaches, theft of sensitive information, and disruptions to train services. The consequences of these threats can be severe, leading to operational disruptions, financial losses, and loss of public trust in the railway system. To address these threats, railway organizations must adopt a proactive approach to security and implement robust cybersecurity measures tailored to the industry’s specific needs and challenges. This includes regular testing of systems for vulnerabilities, incident response plans, and employee training to identify and respond to cyber threats. Ensuring the system remains available, reliable, and maintainable is fundamental given the importance of railways as critical infrastructure and the potential harm that can be caused by cyber threats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100607,"journal":{"name":"High-speed Railway","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 229-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing railway systems: A systematic review of digital twin technologies","authors":"Emmanuel Anu Thompson ,&nbsp;Pan Lu ,&nbsp;Philip Kofi Alimo ,&nbsp;Herman Benjamin Atuobi ,&nbsp;Evans Tetteh Akoto ,&nbsp;Cephas Kenneth Abbew","doi":"10.1016/j.hspr.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hspr.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Digital Twin (DT) technology is revolutionizing the railway sector by providing a virtual replica of physical systems, enabling real-time monitoring, predictive maintenance, and enhanced decision-making. This systematic literature review examines the status, enabling technologies, case studies, and frameworks for DT applications in railway systems with 91 selected papers from Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE, and the Snowballing Technique. The review focuses on four primary subsystems: tracks, civil structures, vehicles, and overhead contact line structures. Key findings reveal that DT has successfully optimized maintenance strategies, improved operational efficiency, and enhanced system safety. Internet of Things (IoT) devices, Artificial Intelligence (AI), machine learning, and cloud computing are critical in implementing DT models. However, challenges like data integration, high implementation costs, and cybersecurity risks remain, necessitating the discussed implications. Future research should focus on improving data interoperability, reducing costs through scalable cloud-based solutions, and addressing cybersecurity vulnerabilities. DT technology has the potential to revolutionize railway infrastructure management, ensuring greater efficiency, safety, and sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100607,"journal":{"name":"High-speed Railway","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 238-250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of self-diplexing and quadruplexing Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) antennas for C- and X-band high-speed wireless applications","authors":"Bhim Sain Singla ,&nbsp;Ashish Kumar ,&nbsp;Ahmed J.A. Al-Gburi","doi":"10.1016/j.hspr.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hspr.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compact antenna designs have become a critical component in the recent advancements of wireless communication technologies over the past few decades. This paper presents a self-multiplexing antenna based on diplexing and quadruplexing Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (SIW) cavities. The diplexing structure incorporates two V-shaped slots, while the quadruplexing structure advances this concept by combining the slots to form a cross-shaped configuration within the cavity. The widths and lengths of the slots are carefully tuned to achieve variations in the respective operating frequencies without affecting the others. The proposed diplexing antenna resonates at 8.48 and 9.2 GHz, with a frequency ratio of 1.08, while the quadruplexing antenna operates at 6.9, 7.1, 7.48, and 8.2 GHz. Both designs exhibit isolation levels well below –20 dB and achieve a simulated peak gain of 5.6 dBi at the highest frequency, with a compact cavity area of 0.56 λg². The proposed antennas operate within the NR bands (n12, n18, n26), making them suitable for modern high-speed wireless communication systems. Moreover, the properties like multiband operation, compactness, high isolation, low loss, and low interference make the antenna favorable for the high-speed railway communication systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100607,"journal":{"name":"High-speed Railway","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 205-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and implementation of train-to-train wireless communication in virtual train coupling system","authors":"Weifeng Yang ,&nbsp;Taifu Chen ,&nbsp;Chen Han ,&nbsp;Dong Feng ,&nbsp;Jihui Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.hspr.2024.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hspr.2024.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article discusses the detailed examination of the engineering design and implementation process for direct Train-to-Train (T2T) communication within a wireless train backbone network in the context of a virtual coupling scenario. The article proposed several critical aspects, including the optimization of transmission data requirements, which is essential to ensure that communication between trains is efficient and reliable. The design of the T2T wireless communication subsystem is discussed in detail, outlining the technical specifications, protocols, and technologies employed to facilitate wireless communication between multiple trains. Additionally, the article presents a thorough analysis of the data collected during real-world train experiments, highlighting the performance metrics and challenges encountered during testing. This empirical data not only validates the effectiveness of the proposed design but also serves as a crucial reference for future advancements in T2T wireless communication systems. By combining both theoretical principles and practical outcomes, the article offers insights that will aid engineers and researchers in developing robust and efficient wireless communication systems for next-generation train operations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100607,"journal":{"name":"High-speed Railway","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 137-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Passenger choice between demand-responsive train and pre-scheduled train in high-speed railway: A stated preference study","authors":"Tao Li ,&nbsp;Dewei Li ,&nbsp;Yongsheng Wang ,&nbsp;Han Gao ,&nbsp;Jialun Ma ,&nbsp;Haotian Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.hspr.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hspr.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Demand-responsive transportation has been introduced in many cities around the world. However, whether it is applicable in the railway is still questionable, an exploration of passenger choice behavior between demand-responsive trains and pre-scheduled trains is pivotal in addressing this issue. To delve into passengers’ choice preferences when facing demand-responsive trains and to dissect the feasibility of implementing demand-responsive service in high-speed railways, the stated preference survey method is employed to investigate travel intention of passengers. Based on the survey data obtained in China, the heterogeneity of passengers is analyzed from three aspects: personal socio-economic characteristics, travel characteristics, and travel mode choice. Considering the situation that demand-responsive train cannot operate, the risk attributes are considered. To bolster the appeal of demand-responsive trains, personalized service product attributes are added. Mixed Logit mode, which takes into account the heterogeneous travel choice behavior of passengers, is developed, and Maximum Likelihood Estimation and the Monte Carlo method are used to calibrate model parameters. The willingness to pay in terms of different factors of passengers is determined. The results indicate that early arrival deviation time, late arrival deviation time, demand response time, and success rate of ticket purchase remarkable influence passengers’ decision regarding demand-responsive train, with only the success rate of ticket purchase positively impacting train choice. Moreover, the significant difference in train ticket price is observed solely in the self-funded long distance scenario, while demand-responsive trains are found to be particularly appealing in self-funded short distance scenario. Through the Willingness To Pay (WTP) analysis, it is discovered that by shortening demand response time, enhancing the success rate of ticket purchase, and minimizing the deviation times of early arrival and late arrival of trains, the attractiveness of the demand-responsive train to passengers under three travel scenarios can be augmented. This study provides profound insights into the possibility of railway enterprises operating demand-responsive trains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100607,"journal":{"name":"High-speed Railway","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 125-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}