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Are all glacial diamictites glacial? Implications for palaeoclimatology 所有的冰川二晶岩都是冰川吗？对古气候学的影响
Geology Today Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1111/gto.12500
Mats O. Molén
{"title":"Are all glacial diamictites glacial? Implications for palaeoclimatology","authors":"Mats O. Molén","doi":"10.1111/gto.12500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gto.12500","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Interpretations of the origins of pre-Pleistocene diamictites are in a state of flux, changing from glacial processes to sediment gravity flows (SGFs). Working methods for the study of such deposits need to be multi-proxy and process-sedimentological and not start with presumptions based on former models or interpretations. For instance, the detailed documentation of pavements, dropstones and erratics indicate that a shift from glaciogenic interpretations to SGFs for many pre-Pleistocene diamictites is needed. In another example, surface microtextures (SM) formed by glaciers display a combination of large-scale fractures and (irregular) abrasion, in contrast to non-glacial environments, and may therefore be used as a quick diagnostic working tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":100581,"journal":{"name":"Geology Today","volume":"41 1","pages":"10-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cherrapunji, India: a land of waterfalls and speleothems, and the right place to become a UNESCO Global Geopark 印度切拉蓬吉：瀑布和岩浆之地，成为联合国教科文组织全球地质公园的理想之地
Geology Today Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1111/gto.12497
Krishanu Datta
{"title":"Cherrapunji, India: a land of waterfalls and speleothems, and the right place to become a UNESCO Global Geopark","authors":"Krishanu Datta","doi":"10.1111/gto.12497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gto.12497","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Here, I propose that Cherrapunji, one of the wettest places on the planet, should be a potential site as a UNESCO Global Geopark. This location is not only associated with numerous majestic waterfalls, karst topography and multiple natural caves and speleothems with global scientific value, but is also of great significance to local people. These features have made this place an important area for geoscience research, as well as an important area for the development of geotourism. Cherrapunji is also the source of the ‘Meghalayan Age’, the most recent age in the geological timescale, defined by the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) in 2018, for the past 4200 years of the Holocene. This article calls on researchers, government officials as well as the local people to take all the necessary steps to make Cherrapunji a UNESCO Global Geopark.</p>","PeriodicalId":100581,"journal":{"name":"Geology Today","volume":"40 6","pages":"243-247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142724185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Geodigest Geodigest
Geology Today Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1111/gto.12493
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引用次数: 0
Can a 62-million-year-old ‘hyperthermal’ event hold the clues to our uncertain future climate? 6200 万年前的 "高热 "事件能否为我们不确定的未来气候提供线索？
Geology Today Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1111/gto.12495
James Barnet
{"title":"Can a 62-million-year-old ‘hyperthermal’ event hold the clues to our uncertain future climate?","authors":"James Barnet","doi":"10.1111/gto.12495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gto.12495","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Climate change has been rising to an ever-increasing prominence in the news headlines in recent years, as local and global temperature records are obliterated, and extreme weather events occur with increasing frequency and severity. Preparing for an uncertain future climate represents one of the biggest challenges humans have ever faced. Here, I take you back 62 million years ago (Ma) to a poorly studied short-lived global warming event known as the Latest Danian Event (LDE), which may represent a good analogue for current human-induced climate change. I discuss evidence for changes in temperature and pH of the oceans during the LDE, using novel geochemical proxies on the calcite shells of zooplankton to prove that the LDE was the first global ‘hyperthermal’ event of the Cenozoic. I also delve into the potential forcing mechanisms behind the event, outlining the critical outstanding questions which palaeoclimatologists are yet to answer. Most importantly, I highlight the lessons we can learn from the LDE about our future climate, allowing us to better plan, prepare and adapt.</p>","PeriodicalId":100581,"journal":{"name":"Geology Today","volume":"40 6","pages":"228-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gto.12495","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Messages from the past: the petroglyphs of El Hierro Island, Canary Islands 来自过去的信息：加那利群岛埃尔希耶罗岛的岩画
Geology Today Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1111/gto.12496
Mario Guglielmi, Valentin R. Troll, Joerg Foest, Juan Carlos Carracedo
{"title":"Messages from the past: the petroglyphs of El Hierro Island, Canary Islands","authors":"Mario Guglielmi,&nbsp;Valentin R. Troll,&nbsp;Joerg Foest,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Carracedo","doi":"10.1111/gto.12496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gto.12496","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ancient cultures have frequently made use of stone surfaces to carve and engrave symbols, letters and messages for others. These petroglyphs usually have a lasting character and are frequently preserved well beyond the survival of the culture that produced the petroglyphs. In this article, we focus on the written and pictorial testimony of the pre-Hispanic era of the island of El Hierro (Canary Islands, Spain), which exploited a series of volcanic rock features to create a written testimony of their presence and their way of life. This specific cultural heritage has been adapted to the specific geological features on the island and the emerging stone masonry skill of the aboriginal culture of the original islanders, creating a unique and lasting record of their ability to use geological elements for cultural development.</p>","PeriodicalId":100581,"journal":{"name":"Geology Today","volume":"40 6","pages":"236-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gto.12496","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rock climbing sites as locations for geoheritage and geoscience engagement in mountains 作为山区地质遗产和地质科学参与地点的攀岩地点
Geology Today Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1111/gto.12494
Jasper Knight, Irene Maria Bollati
{"title":"Rock climbing sites as locations for geoheritage and geoscience engagement in mountains","authors":"Jasper Knight,&nbsp;Irene Maria Bollati","doi":"10.1111/gto.12494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gto.12494","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Outdoor activities including trekking and hiking are commonly undertaken in mountains and in other environments where bedrock surfaces or bedrock-controlled landforms are present and where users can enjoy the fresh air and the physical landscape. Information boards and leaflets are often used by scientists and environmental managers in these environments to communicate geoscience issues to the general public along hiking and trekking trails. Rock climbing sites are also prime locations where rock surfaces are exposed and where specific user groups interact with the physical landscape. Here, we describe the relationship between rock climbing and the nature of rock outcrops and the opportunity that this affords for more innovative ways of communicating geoscience information to a physically active and engaged public. As such, rock climbing sites can be considered geoheritage sites, where they represent sites of importance for people and communities (cultural heritage) as well as for their geological and educational value (geological heritage). The characteristics of rock climbing sites as geoheritage sites are discussed in this feature, as are the potential threats to the integrity of these sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":100581,"journal":{"name":"Geology Today","volume":"40 6","pages":"223-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gto.12494","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Geology of the Tour de France: taking a sports audience by surprise 环法自行车赛的地质学：让体育观众大吃一惊
Geology Today Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1111/gto.12489
Douwe J.J. Van Hinsbergen, Mark B. Carpenter, José Been, Marjolein N. Naudé
{"title":"Geology of the Tour de France: taking a sports audience by surprise","authors":"Douwe J.J. Van Hinsbergen,&nbsp;Mark B. Carpenter,&nbsp;José Been,&nbsp;Marjolein N. Naudé","doi":"10.1111/gto.12489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gto.12489","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Every year, tens of millions of cycling enthusiasts watch and read about the Tour de France, one of the largest sports events of the year. For hours on end, they wait in anticipation of the climax of the race, and these hours are filled by commentators and journalists with background information about riders, the course, history, cuisine, culture and architecture. Little do they realize that every day the peloton is actually setting out on a beautiful excursion through what is one of the most geologically and geographically diverse regions in the world. The Geo-Sports project provides journalists, readers, and viewers with accessible excursion guides, in written and video format, on websites and social media. In this article, we explain the rationale and background of the project, and we hope you will join us in lifting the veil to expose the beauty of the natural world and its role in our society.</p>","PeriodicalId":100581,"journal":{"name":"Geology Today","volume":"40 5","pages":"180-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gto.12489","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142316843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Geodigest Geodigest
Geology Today Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1111/gto.12488
{"title":"Geodigest","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/gto.12488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gto.12488","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100581,"journal":{"name":"Geology Today","volume":"40 5","pages":"166-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142316841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Peridotites and other ultramafic rocks 橄榄岩和其他超基性岩
Geology Today Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1111/gto.12491
Kent Brooks
{"title":"Peridotites and other ultramafic rocks","authors":"Kent Brooks","doi":"10.1111/gto.12491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gto.12491","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Peridotites are a group within the category of ultramafic rocks. These are usually dark-coloured rocks rich in magnesium, poor in silica and lacking feldspars. Earth's mantle, which makes up 83 percent by volume and 67 percent by weight of the planet, consists largely of peridotite, which, although relatively sparse at the surface, therefore, is Earth's most abundant rock type. Unfortunately, the mantle, which lies on average at &gt;7 km under the oceans and &gt;35 km under the continents, is not directly accessible for observation and our information comes largely from seismic studies, inclusions in volcanic rocks and sections of the ocean floor which have been tectonically emplaced into the crust: the <i>ophiolite complexes</i> and <i>abyssal peridotites</i> of the oceans. Such rocks also occur when mafic minerals, such as olivine, pyroxene and spinel, accumulate in magma chambers. An unusual occurrence of ultramafic rocks is the lava called <i>komatiite</i>, representing ultramafic liquids, which are largely restricted to Precambrian environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":100581,"journal":{"name":"Geology Today","volume":"40 5","pages":"201-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142316838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
North York Moors and Yorkshire Wolds: Landscape and Geology by Tony Waltham. Ramsbury, Marlborough: Crowood Press, 2024. 160pp. ISBN: 978-0-7198-4374-7 [paperback] £18.99 北约克沼泽和约克郡沃尔德：景观与地质》，托尼-沃尔瑟姆著。马尔堡拉姆斯伯里：克劳德出版社，2024 年。 160pp.ISBN: 978-0-7198-4374-7 [平装] £18.99
Geology Today Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1111/gto.12492
{"title":"North York Moors and Yorkshire Wolds: Landscape and Geology by Tony Waltham. Ramsbury, Marlborough: Crowood Press, 2024. 160pp. ISBN: 978-0-7198-4374-7 [paperback] £18.99","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/gto.12492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gto.12492","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100581,"journal":{"name":"Geology Today","volume":"40 5","pages":"208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142316839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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