Fundamental Plasma Physics最新文献

{"title":"On the energy spectrum evolution of electrons undergoing radiation cooling","authors":"S.V. Bulanov ,&nbsp;G.M. Grittani ,&nbsp;R. Shaisultanov ,&nbsp;T.Z. Esirkepov ,&nbsp;C.P. Ridgers ,&nbsp;S.S. Bulanov ,&nbsp;B.K. Russell ,&nbsp;A.G.R. Thomas","doi":"10.1016/j.fpp.2024.100036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpp.2024.100036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Radiative cooling of electron beams interacting with counter-propagating electromagnetic waves is analyzed, taking into account the quantum modification of the radiation friction force. Central attention is paid to the evolution of the energy spectrum of electrons accelerated by the laser wake field acceleration mechanism. As an electron beam loses energy to radiation, the mean energy decreases and the form of the energy distribution also changes due to quantum-mechanical spectral broadening.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100558,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Plasma Physics","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772828524000013/pdfft?md5=63ddd370569c84bb5e44937f8489c06c&pid=1-s2.0-S2772828524000013-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139674615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature dependence of beam on plasma stopping power in the resonance regions of fusion reactions","authors":"Keh-Fei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.fpp.2023.100032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpp.2023.100032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A recent proposal of accelerator based fusion reactor considers a scheme where an ion beam from the accelerator hits the target plasma on the resonance of the fusion reaction so that the reactivity (<em>σv</em>) can be an order of magnitude larger than that of a thermonuclear reactor. One of the important inputs is the stopping power which is needed to assess the energy loss of the beam in the plasma. In this work, we shall use the analytic formulation of Brown, Preston and Singleton <span>[1]</span> to calculate the temperature dependence of the stopping power due to the target <span><math><mi>t</mi><mo>,</mo><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><none></none><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></math></span>, and <span><math><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>11</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></math></span> plasmas in the resonance regions of their respective fusion reactions, i.e., <span><math><mi>d</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>→</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>α</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>+</mo><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub><mo>→</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>α</mi></math></span>, and <span><math><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>11</mn></mrow></msup><mi>B</mi><mo>→</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>α</mi></math></span>. It is found that the calculated stopping power, especially when the quantum corrections are included, does not go down with temperature as fast at <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>. Instead it decreases slower, more like <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> with <span><math><mi>x</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span> in the range of T from ∼ 5 to 50 keV for <em>d</em> on <em>t</em> and <span><math><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><none></none><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></math></span> plasmas around their resonance energies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100558,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Plasma Physics","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100032"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772828523000250/pdfft?md5=241a928f1c778f23c5f978e06fee0269&pid=1-s2.0-S2772828523000250-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138570393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of the melting line in the two-dimensional complex plasmas using an unsupervised machine learning method","authors":"Hu-Sheng Li ,&nbsp;He Huang ,&nbsp;Wei Yang ,&nbsp;Cheng-Ran Du","doi":"10.1016/j.fpp.2023.100031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpp.2023.100031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Machine learning methods have been widely used in the investigations of the complex plasmas. In this paper, we demonstrate that the unsupervised convolutional neural network can be applied to obtain the melting line in the two-dimensional complex plasmas based on the Langevin dynamics simulation results. The training samples do not need to be labeled. The resulting melting line coincides with those obtained by the analysis of hexatic order parameter and supervised machine learning method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100558,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Plasma Physics","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772828523000249/pdfft?md5=c63aa94f1004a4f41799e2b344ba9533&pid=1-s2.0-S2772828523000249-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138501364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Existence of Korteweg-de Vries solitons and relevance of relativistic effects in a dusty electron-ion plasma","authors":"Maricarmen A. Winkler ,&nbsp;Víctor Muñoz ,&nbsp;Felipe A. Asenjo","doi":"10.1016/j.fpp.2023.100030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpp.2023.100030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nonlinear effects in the propagation of perturbations in a dusty electron-ion plasma are studied, considering fully relativistic wave motion. A multifluid model is considered for the particles, from which a KdV equation can be derived. In general, two different soliton solutions are found depending on the kind of dispersion of the KdV equation. We study when the dispersion coefficient of this equation is positive. In this case, two kinds of behavior are possible, one associated with a slow wave mode, another with a fast wave mode. It is shown that, depending on the value of the system parameters, compressive and/or rarefactive solitons, or no soliton at all, can be found and that relativistic effects for ions are much more relevant than for electrons. It is also found that relativistic effects can strongly decrease the soliton amplitude for the slow mode, whereas for the fast mode they can lead to compressive-rarefactive soliton transitions and vice versa, depending on the dust charge density in both modes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100558,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Plasma Physics","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100030"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772828523000237/pdfft?md5=a55773a348dd396b91a28341ed8cdac5&pid=1-s2.0-S2772828523000237-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138501400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confining and escaping magnetic field lines in tokamaks: Analysis via symplectic maps","authors":"Matheus S. Palmero,&nbsp;Iberê L. Caldas","doi":"10.1016/j.fpp.2023.100027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpp.2023.100027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In magnetically confined plasma, it is possible to qualitatively describe the magnetic field configuration via phase spaces of suitable symplectic maps. These phase spaces are of mixed type, where chaos coexists with regular motion, and the complete understanding of the complex dynamical evolution of chaotic trajectories is a challenge that, when overcome, may provide further knowledge into the behaviour of confined fusion plasma. This work presents two numerical investigations into characteristics of mixed phase spaces which model distinct magnetic configurations in tokamaks under different perturbation regimes. The first approach relies on a recurrence-based analysis of ensembles of chaotic trajectories to detect open field lines that widely differ from the average. The second focuses on the transient dynamical behaviour of field lines before they escape the systems. These two methods provide insights into the influence of stickiness and invariant manifolds on the evolution of chaotic trajectories, improving our understanding of how these features affect transport and diffusion properties in mixed phase spaces. These theoretical and numerical approaches may enhance our comprehension of confined plasma behaviour and plasma-wall interactions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100558,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Plasma Physics","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100027"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67739336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symmetric Compton Scattering: A way towards plasma heating and tunable mono-chromatic gamma-rays","authors":"L. Serafini ,&nbsp;A. Bacci ,&nbsp;C. Curatolo ,&nbsp;I. Drebot ,&nbsp;V. Petrillo ,&nbsp;A. Puppin ,&nbsp;M. Rossetti Conti ,&nbsp;S. Samsam","doi":"10.1016/j.fpp.2023.100026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpp.2023.100026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper explores the transition between Compton Scattering and Inverse Compton Scattering (ICS), which is characterized by an equal exchange of energy and momentum between the colliding particles (electrons and photons). This regime has been called Symmetric Compton Scattering (SCS) and has the unique property of eliminating the energy-angle correlation of scattered photons, and, when the electron recoil is large, transferring monochromaticity from one colliding beam to the other, resulting in back-scattered photon beams that are intrinsically monochromatic. The paper suggests that large-recoil SCS or quasi-SCS can be used to design compact intrinsic monochromatic <em>γ</em>-ray sources based on compact linacs, thus avoiding the use of GeV-class electron beams together with powerful laser/optical systems as those typically required for ICS sources. Furthermore, at low recoil and low energy collisions (in the 10 keV energy range), SCS can be exploited to heat the colliding electron beam, which is widely scattered with large transverse momenta over the entire solid angle, offering a technique to trap electrons into magnetic bottles for plasma heating.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100558,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Plasma Physics","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100026"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50203527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A D-3He fusion reactor for the mitigation of global warming","authors":"E. Mazzucato","doi":"10.1016/j.fpp.2023.100022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpp.2023.100022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Since a fusion reactor using the Deuterium-Tritium fuel cycle cannot be a source of clean energy because of the deleterious effects of energetic neutrons carrying 80% of the energy output, and it is very doubtful that it will be able to achieve Tritium self-sufficiency because of an extremely problematic and still unproven breeding procedure, this paper proposes a new reactor scheme capable of confining hot and dense plasmas using the Deuterium – Helium-3 fuel cycle. Such a reactor must be considered a source of clean energy because of its very low level of neutrons production, and its fuel is available in large quantity since we can get the needed Deuterium from seawater and likewise Helium-3 from the moon, as it was found from the samples of lunar soil brought back by the astronauts of the Apollo Mission. The proposed reactor consists of two 100 m long cylindrical plasmas, connected by semicircular sections to form a racetrack configuration. It should be capable of producing from 16 to 20 GW of fusion power when operating with an electron density of 3 × 10²⁰ m⁻³, a magnetic field of 10 T and average temperatures from 40 to 45 keV. Out of this power, up to 10 GW will be used for replacing the loss of electron energy from bremsstrahlung radiation, with a consequent reduction in the reactor power output. However, such a loss could be mitigated by a partial recovery of the energy plasma radiation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100558,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Plasma Physics","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100022"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50204580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collisionless relativistic magnetic reconnection driven by electron vortices in laser-plasma interaction","authors":"Yan-Jun Gu ,&nbsp;Kirill V. Lezhnin ,&nbsp;Sergei V. Bulanov","doi":"10.1016/j.fpp.2023.100018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpp.2023.100018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Magnetic reconnection (MR) is a fundamental process in space and laboratory plasmas. The appearance of high power lasers opens a new way to investigate MR under the relativistic condition. In this paper, relativistic collisionless MR driven by two ultra-intense lasers and a pair of asymmetric targets is studied numerically via the kinetic simulations. The static magnetic fields produced by the electron vortex structures with opposite magnetic polarities approach each other driven by the magnetic pressure and the density gradient. The antiparallel magnetic fields annihilate accompanied with the topological variation and the corresponding magnetic field energy is being dissipated to the kinetic energy of the nonthermal charged particles. Besides the outflows along the current sheet, a fast particle bunch is accelerated perpendicularly contributed by the displacement current.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100558,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Plasma Physics","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50204579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shaping the edge radial electric field to create shearless transport barriers in tokamaks","authors":"L.A. Osorio-Quiroga ,&nbsp;M. Roberto ,&nbsp;I.L. Caldas ,&nbsp;R.L. Viana ,&nbsp;Y. Elskens","doi":"10.1016/j.fpp.2023.100023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpp.2023.100023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In tokamak-confined plasmas, particle transport can be reduced by modifying the radial electric field. In this paper, we investigate the influence of both a well-like and a hill-like shaped radial electric field profile on the creation of shearless transport barriers (STBs) at the plasma edge, which are a type of barrier that can prevent chaotic transport and are related to the presence of extreme values in the rotation number profile. For that, we apply an <span><math><mrow><mi>E</mi><mo>×</mo><mi>B</mi></mrow></math></span> drift model to describe test particle orbits in large aspect-ratio tokamaks. We show how these barriers depend on the electrostatic fluctuation amplitudes and on the width and depth (height) of the radial electric field well-like (hill-like) profile. We find that, as the depth (height) increases, the STB at the plasma edge becomes more resistant to fluctuations, enabling access to an improved confinement regime that prevents chaotic transport. We also present parameter spaces with the radial electric field parameters, indicating the STB existence for several electric field configurations at the plasma edge, for which we obtain a fractal structure at the barrier/non-barrier frontier, typical of quasi-integrable Hamiltonian systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100558,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Plasma Physics","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100023"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50204581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vertical displacements close to ideal-MHD marginal stability in tokamak plasmas","authors":"F. Porcelli ,&nbsp;T. Barberis ,&nbsp;A. Yolbarsop","doi":"10.1016/j.fpp.2023.100017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpp.2023.100017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Elongated tokamak plasmas are prone to instability, initiated by vertical displacement perturbations, which can be suppressed if a perfectly conductive wall is placed near the plasma boundary, providing passive feedback stabilization. For the more realistic case of a resistive wall, the vertical mode can still grow on the relatively slow resistive wall time scale. Active feedback control is then required for complete stabilization. However, the slow growth is far from ideal-MHD marginal stability on the stable side, i.e., provided that the wall is sufficiently close to the plasma. It is shown that the resistive growth rate can be significantly faster, scaling with fractional powers of wall resistivity, if the wall position satisfies the criterion for ideal-MHD marginal stability, thus posing more stringent conditions for active feedback stabilization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100558,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Plasma Physics","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50203494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}