{"title":"Phytochemical Potential and Biological Activity of Pumpkin: A Review","authors":"Aayeena Altaf, Hanu Sharma, Aamir Hussain Dar, Kshirod Kumar Dash, Vinay Kumar Pandey, Madiya Manzoor","doi":"10.1002/fsh3.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh3.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Among all vegetables pumpkin is one of the most important crops which is utilized in the rural as well as urban regions. Pumpkin belongs to family <i>Cucurbitaceae</i>; it is consumed throughout the globe because of its several herbal and medicinal values. Due to the high content of nutritional components such as phenolics, linoleic acid, oils, peptides, vitamin C and E, flavonoids, carotene, protein, terpenoids, phytosterols, and minerals present in pumpkin, it is counted among valuable vegetables. Different evidences from many studies presented the medicinal and therapeutic values of pumpkin peel, pulp, and seeds. Therefore all parts of the pumpkin must be utilized so as to get positive health effects by consuming pumpkin or its parts. Apart from health benefits, pumpkin has been utilized in different fields of food industry such as in meat, bakery, beverage, and diary industries. Rather than consuming pumpkin in raw form, many methods and technologies have been used to develop new and innovative products that can be beneficial in terms of health and nutrition. Therefore, this review was designed to elaborate the phytochemistry, therapeutic and medicinal values, applications in food sector, as well as the toxicity of pumpkin and its parts (peel, pulp, and seeds).</p>","PeriodicalId":100546,"journal":{"name":"Food Safety and Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"188-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsh3.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Formulation and Characterization of Multi-Source Edible Oils From Groundnut and African Walnuts Oils and Their Effect on Some Biochemical Parameters of High Fat Diet Induced Obese Wistar Rats","authors":"Wendy Audrey Etongue Douky, Achidi Aduni Ufuan, Fabrice Tonfack Djikeng, Veshe-Teh Zemoh Sylvia Ninying, Flavie Tonkeu Djikeng, Hilaire Macaire Womeni","doi":"10.1002/fsh3.12086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh3.12086","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed at evaluating the effect of multi-source edible oils from groundnut and African walnut oils in the management of obesity in high fat diet induced-obese Wistar rats. Groundnut oil (GO), African walnut oil (WO), and their 50:50 and 60:40 blends (GO:WO) were used and tested for their quality. For the in vivo part, 42 albino Wistar rats were used. They were divided into 7 groups containing 6 rats each. Group 1 received the normal diet and groups 2 to 7 the high-fat diet for 60 days. Group 3 was treated with orlistat, and groups 4–7 with oils for 28 days. The rats were sacrificed and the sera prepared from the blood which were used for biochemical analyses (lipid profile and serum enzymes). Results showed that the oils used had good quality. The oils significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) decreased the serum lipids (except for HDL which increased), total cholesterol/HDL ratios, and the atherogenic index. Aspartate aminotransferase (ASP) and creatinine were significantly decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in treated and normal groups. For alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, the normal group and those treated with orlistat and GO presented the lowest (<i>p</i> < 0.05) concentrations. GO, WO, and their blends can be recommended as food ingredient for obese patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":100546,"journal":{"name":"Food Safety and Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"264-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsh3.12086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingqian Tan, Maojun Jin, Maria Daglia, Esra Capanoglu, A. M. Abd El-Aty
{"title":"Perspective on Current Advances and Future Directions in Food Safety and Health","authors":"Mingqian Tan, Maojun Jin, Maria Daglia, Esra Capanoglu, A. M. Abd El-Aty","doi":"10.1002/fsh3.12085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh3.12085","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent advances in food safety and health have been driven by technological innovation, regulatory reform, increased consumer awareness, and recognition of the clinical importance of functional ingredients. These developments aim to reduce the risks associated with foodborne illness, improve the nutritional quality of food, and enhance overall public health. Emerging technologies, such as blockchain for supply chain transparency, artificial intelligence for predictive analytics, and novel preservation methods, are transforming food safety practices. Concurrently, the integration of functional ingredients, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, dietary fibers, probiotics, and bioactive peptides, into daily diets is gaining attention for their potential in preventing chronic diseases and supporting long-term health. Global regulatory frameworks are also being strengthened to ensure compliance with safety standards. Future directions in food safety are likely to focus on integrating these technologies and nutritional strategies with traditional methods, fostering international collaboration, and addressing the challenges posed by climate change and globalization. This perspective provides a comprehensive overview of current advances in food safety, discusses emerging trends, and explores future directions, emphasizing the critical role of innovation, policy, and nutrition in protecting public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":100546,"journal":{"name":"Food Safety and Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"140-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsh3.12085","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predictive modeling and risk assessment strategies for enhancing dairy product safety: A comprehensive review","authors":"Prachi Pahariya, Awani Shrivastav, Tridib Kumar Goswami, Ruplal Choudhary","doi":"10.1002/fsh3.12084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh3.12084","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The dairy industry is a crucial part of the food sector, encompassing a wide range of raw, pre-processed, and post-processed dairy products. The concern about delivering safe dairy products is increasing due to the rise in pathogenic outbreaks associated with the dairy industry. To mitigate the risks associated with dairy products, risk assessment (RA) and predictive modeling play vital roles. This review article provides a comprehensive analysis of RA and predictive modeling in managing these risks. Risk assessment offers a structured approach to evaluate public health risks through hazard identification, hazard characterization, exposure assessment, and risk characterization. Predictive modeling complements RA by using scientific and mathematical methods to anticipate microbial behavior under various conditions, aiding in the prevention of contamination throughout the dairy supply chain. This article emphasizes the application of these tools in real-world scenarios to improve the accuracy of food safety predictions. In conclusion, integrating risk assessment with predictive modeling is essential for mitigating contamination risks and ensuring the safety and quality of dairy products. While significant advancements have been made, future research should focus on enhancing model precision through robust data sets and advanced machine learning, leading to more effective strategies that protect public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":100546,"journal":{"name":"Food Safety and Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"172-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsh3.12084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yang Sun, Kunli Zhong, Lanmengya Nie, Yan Xu, Yiran Wang, Jingtao Yuan, Shuai Jiang, Xu Li, Zhidong Zhang, Xiangfei Li, Ling Jiang
{"title":"State-of-the-art in food safety: The potential of CRISPR/Cas-based lateral flow assay technology in the field of food analysis","authors":"Yang Sun, Kunli Zhong, Lanmengya Nie, Yan Xu, Yiran Wang, Jingtao Yuan, Shuai Jiang, Xu Li, Zhidong Zhang, Xiangfei Li, Ling Jiang","doi":"10.1002/fsh3.12082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh3.12082","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Food safety is essential for public health, with key hazards including microbial and chemical contamination and pesticide residues. Therefore, food testing is integral to ensuring food safety. Combining CRISPR/Cas with lateral flow assays (LFAs) leverages CRISPR's robust trans-acting activity, specific target recognition, and high enzymatic efficiency while retaining LFA's advantages of direct visualization, low cost, and simple operation. This combination enhances food safety detection capabilities. In this paper, we review the CRISPR-based lateral flow combined detection technology, summarize its basic principles and features, and focus on its integrated applications. The technology is fast, accurate, and cost-effective in detection, and is thus widely used in various testing fields, especially in food pathogen and viral infection detection. Finally, we highlight the technology's potential to improve various aspects, such as detection strength, and discuss the barriers and pre-commercialization issues of CRISPR/Cas detection platforms. We also provide solutions to increase the likelihood of its commercialization. Currently, CRISPR lateral flow assays are anticipated for broad detection applications. Researchers are investigating Cas protein properties to enhance assay stability and accuracy, promising enhanced food and bioassay safety in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":100546,"journal":{"name":"Food Safety and Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"155-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsh3.12082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bioactive peptides from livestock milk and casein as alternative functional foods","authors":"Eng Huan Hau, Ling Li, Siau Hui Mah","doi":"10.1002/fsh3.12083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh3.12083","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Functional milk peptides, derived from enzymatic hydrolysis of milk proteins such as casein and whey, exhibit a range of bioactivities. These include antihypertensive, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial effects, which contribute to their potential health benefits.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":100546,"journal":{"name":"Food Safety and Health","volume":"3 1","pages":"4-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsh3.12083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emmanuel Ejiofor, Ernest Agwamba, Chima Egedigwe-Ekeleme, Paul Nweje-Anyalowu, Hitler Louis, Innocent Abalake, Francis Imeh, Bliss Harold, Deborah Azuh, Maureen Ejiofor, Christian Okoro, Joan Ejiofor, Chidinma Ekwegbalu, Laurene Ekwugha
{"title":"Oral administration of tannic acid attenuates dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and oxidative stress in high-fat and fructose diet-induced obesity in rats","authors":"Emmanuel Ejiofor, Ernest Agwamba, Chima Egedigwe-Ekeleme, Paul Nweje-Anyalowu, Hitler Louis, Innocent Abalake, Francis Imeh, Bliss Harold, Deborah Azuh, Maureen Ejiofor, Christian Okoro, Joan Ejiofor, Chidinma Ekwegbalu, Laurene Ekwugha","doi":"10.1002/fsh3.12081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh3.12081","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Obesity and diabetes are considered life-threatening conditions, characterized by increased oxidative stress, insulin resistance, hepatotoxicity, hyperglycemia, and hypercholesterolemia. Therefore, we studied the effects of tannic acid in a high-fat and fructose-diet-induced rat model of obesity. Administration of tannic acid at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly reduced fasting blood glucose concentration, reversed disoriented lipid profile, decreased liver enzyme activities, and inhibited oxidative stress compared to the high-fat, high-sugar group. Histopathological examination showed preserved pancreas and liver architecture in the tannic acid-administered groups. The in vitro inhibitory activity of tannic acid against alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase showed good inhibitory potential. Molecular docking studies showed high binding affinity and more hydrogen bond interactions between tannic acid and receptor proteins (alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase) implicated in obesity and diabetes. In conclusion, tannic acid prevented the onset of oxidative stress, preserved the liver, and restored the disoriented lipid profile in high-fat and fructose diet-induced obesity in rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":100546,"journal":{"name":"Food Safety and Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"250-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsh3.12081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Duckweed: Growth factor and applications in nonfood, food, and health","authors":"Eng Huan Hau, Siau Hui Mah","doi":"10.1002/fsh3.12078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh3.12078","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Duckweeds are aquatic plants and mainly constitute of five genera, <i>Lemna, Spirodela, Wolffia</i>, <i>Wolffiella,</i> and <i>Landoltia.</i> These are the smallest plants yet having a rapid growth rate. Hence, duckweeds are sustainable food sources for humans and animals, as well as sustainable feedstocks for biochemical production. Previously, duckweeds were discovered for their vital role in water purification by metabolizing chemicals and waste. However, many recent studies have discovered that duckweeds have a high amount of nutrients, which makes them a great substitute in human diets and animal feed. Their nutrient composition and growth rate are greatly affected by environmental factors. Hence, this review summarizes the characteristics of duckweeds, growth rate factors, and their applications in nonfood, food, and health. Duckweeds could improve health due to their large amounts of macro- and micronutrients. Future studies on the safety measures and duckweed culture are strongly recommended to safeguard the quality of the plants. Besides that, duckweeds have great potential to be used as heavy metals or contaminants absorbent, as well as a sustainable feedstock for biofuel production.</p>","PeriodicalId":100546,"journal":{"name":"Food Safety and Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"144-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsh3.12078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lingyuan Xu, A. M. Abd El-Aty, Peipei Li, Jia Li, Jing Zhao, Xingmei Lei, Song Gao, Yun Zhao, Yongxin She, Fen Jin, Jing Wang, Bruce D. Hammock, Maojun Jin
{"title":"Unveil the molecular recognition mechanisms of triazine haptens and monoclonal antibodies: Establishing ic-ELISA methods for triazine herbicide analysis in tea","authors":"Lingyuan Xu, A. M. Abd El-Aty, Peipei Li, Jia Li, Jing Zhao, Xingmei Lei, Song Gao, Yun Zhao, Yongxin She, Fen Jin, Jing Wang, Bruce D. Hammock, Maojun Jin","doi":"10.1002/fsh3.12069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh3.12069","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study introduced two triazine haptens (with 0 or 1 carbon connecting arms at nonisopropyl positions) and developed two heterologous indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) methods. The IC<sub>50</sub> values for the 17 triazine pesticides ranged from 0.84 ng/mL to 225.63 ng/mL, and the established method was applied to determine their concentrations in tea samples. This study aimed to address the current debate on the recognition mechanism of triazine haptens with shorter connecting arms. This study produced two new findings by investigating the recognition mechanism of triazine haptens and antibodies. On the one hand, the specific amino acid isoleucine (ILE-219) is crucial for isopropyl recognition. On the other hand, the selection of the connecting site of the triazine hapten has a significant effect on the specificity of the antibody, with the influence of the length of the carbon connecting arm being secondary. Our newly designed haptens show promise for diverse triazine pesticide immunoassay applications. This discovery established a foundational framework for constructing a tailored antibody library for pollutants.</p>","PeriodicalId":100546,"journal":{"name":"Food Safety and Health","volume":"3 1","pages":"61-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsh3.12069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jia-Yu Huang, Qi Zou, Ming Hao, Jian-Lin Shen, Meng-Tong Zhang, Fei Li, Quan-Sheng Xu, Han-Yue Zhang, Jun Zhang, Xiao-Yin Wang
{"title":"Exploring the potential mechanisms of polysaccharides against gastric ulcer: Network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking validation","authors":"Jia-Yu Huang, Qi Zou, Ming Hao, Jian-Lin Shen, Meng-Tong Zhang, Fei Li, Quan-Sheng Xu, Han-Yue Zhang, Jun Zhang, Xiao-Yin Wang","doi":"10.1002/fsh3.12079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh3.12079","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gastric ulcer is a common peptic ulcer that affects human health and life quality seriously. As anti-gastric ulcer drugs usually cause side-effects, polysaccharides may be the potential alternatives because of better effectiveness and less toxicity. Although the anti-gastric ulcer activities of polysaccharides have been widely reported, the mechanisms have not yet been well-disclosed. In this study, network pharmacology analysis was performed to explore the potential mechanisms of polysaccharides against gastric ulcer, and the results were validated by molecular docking. Results indicated that β-glucan, arabinogalactan, xylan, and arabinan were the key structures, and ABL1, AKT1, androgen receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor, v-Ha-ras Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog, HSP90AA1, mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MAPK8), MAPK14, NOS2, PIK3R1, RAC1, ras homolog gene family member A, and proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src were the core targets for polysaccharides in treating gastric ulcer. Polysaccharides have influences on 1958 GO items and 199 KEGG pathways, and their anti-gastric ulcer activities are related to MAPK, Ras, PI3K-Akt, vascular endothelial growth factor, prolactin, FoxO and Rap1 signaling pathways, etc. Molecular docking validation showed that the results of network pharmacology analysis were credible, and interactions between polysaccharide structures and core targets were observed. This study contributes to understanding the mechanisms of polysaccharides in treating gastric ulcer and provides references for future activity screening and mechanism research in anti-gastric ulcer.</p>","PeriodicalId":100546,"journal":{"name":"Food Safety and Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"232-249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsh3.12079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}